MATHEMATICS INFORMATION AND WORK SHEET

TOPIC: LINEAR PROGRAMMING GRADE: 11

Information ii) He must NOT make FEWER than 3 pies each

day. Write an inequality to represent the
Linear programming is a technique for solving information.
problems involving conditions expressed by iii) He has NO MORE than $72 to make cakes
inequalities. and the pies. Each cake costs $6 to make and
and each pie cost $10 to make.
It is a useful application of system of linear Write an inequality to represent the
inequalities to determine maximum profits or to information.
find minimum cost or overhead expenses.
The graphs used are usually straight lines. b) i) Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 1 unit on
both axes, draw the graphs of the inequalities
Many practical problems in every day life rely on in 1 a (i), (ii) and (iii).
the knowledge and the application linear ii) Write the coordinates of the vertices of the
programming. It is used extensively in business and region that satisfies all THREE inequalities.
industry because of the need in a number of
situations for choosing the most advantageous of c) Mr. John makes a profit of $8 on each cake and
many possible courses of action. The following uses $12 on each pie.
the application of linear programming:
i) Write and expression in x and y for the
• Air crew scheduling TOTAL profit. P.
• Shipping or telecommunication networks ii) How many cakes and pies must be made in
• Oil refining and blending order to obtain the maximum profit?
• Stock and bond portfolio selection. iii) Calculate the maximum profit.

Important facts
Solution
1.  Implies the following ‘at least’ or ‘not
make fewer than’ or ‘not be less than.’ (a)

2.  Implies the following ‘no more than’ i) x  2 ii) y  3 iii) 6x + 10y  72

or ‘not be more than.’
12 (b)
3. The common region that satisfies all
inequalities forms a polygon.
10
4. The maximum or minimum value usually
occurs at a vertex of the polygon or a point
along one of its sides (excluding broken 8
line segments).

5. The coordinates of each vertex of the 6

polygon (common region) must be
substituted into the profit equation or given
equation in order obtain the maximum or 4
minimum value.

6. Read questions carefully before shading 2

required region.

Work sheet 0
-10 -5 0 5 10 15
Instruction: Answer the following questions.
-2Y-axis
Example, Jan 2003 # 10 x=2ii) (2, 3), (7, 3), (2, 6)
1) Mr. John makes x cakes and y pies each day. In
y=3 (c)
order to supply his customers, he does the 6x +10y =72
following: (i)P = 8x + 12y
(ii) 7 cakes and 3 pies
a) i) He must make AT LEAST 2 cakes each day (iii) Total profit = (8 × 7) + (12 × 3)
Write an inequality to represent the information = 56 + 36 = $92
2) Jan 2007 # 10 a) Write down the inequalities to represent
conditions (2) and (3).
Pam visits the stationery store where she intended to
buy x pens and y pencils. b) Describe in words, the conditions represented
by the inequality x < 2y.
a) Pam must buy at least 3 pens.
c) Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 10 units on
i) Write an inequality to represent the both axes draw the graph of ALL FOUR
information. inequalities represented in the table above.

The TOTAL number of pens and pencils must NOT d) Three packets of stars were selected for inspection.
be more than 10. Their contents are shown below.

ii) Write an inequality to represent the

information. Packets No. of gold No. of silver
stars (x) stars (y)
EACH pen costs $5.00 and EACH pencil costs A 25 20
$2.00. More information about the pens and pencils
are represented by; B 35 15

5x + 2y  35 C 30 25

iii) Write the information represented by this

inequality as a sentence in your own words. Plot the points A, B, C on your graph. Hence,
determine which of the three packets satisfy ALL
b) i) Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 2 unit on the conditions.
both axes, draw the graphs of the inequalities June 2007 # 10
in 2 a (i), (ii) and 5x + 2y  35
Home -work
ii) Write the coordinates of the vertices of the
region that satisfies the four inequalities Do the following questions from your past paper
including y  0). book.

c) Pam sell x pens and y pencils and make a profit 1) June 2003 # 10 2) Jan and June 2004 # 10
of $1.50 on EACH pen and $1.00 on EACH
pencil. 3) Jan 2005 # 10 4) Jan and June 2006 # 10

i) Write an expression in x and y to represent Miscellaneous questions

the profit Pam makes.
May 2005 #10c
ii) Calculate the maximum profit Pam makes.
The diagram below shows a triangular region
iii) If Pam buys 4 pens, show on your graph 1 5
bounded by the lines y = x + 5 , y = x + 5
the maximum number of pencils she can buy. 6 8
and the line HK.
3) A company manufactures gold and silver stars to 10
be used as party decorations. The stars are placed
in packets so that each packets contains x gold
8
stars and y silver stars.

The conditions for packaging are given in the 6

table below.
4
Conditions Inequality
(1) Each packet must
2
have at least 20 x  20
gold stars
(2) Each packet must 0
-5 0 5 10 15
have at least 15
silver stars -2
(3) The total number of
stars in each packet Y-axis
1 -4
must not be more y= Write
than 60. (i) 6 x+5 the equation of the line HK
5
(4) y= - 8 x+5 the set of three inequalities, which define
(ii) Write
x < 2y
x=6 the shaded region GHK