Interview Questions and Answers - Vedika Joshi

HR Behavioral Questions (With Sample Answers)

1. Tell me about a time when you had to work under pressure.

Answer: During the final phase of developing OWASP Insight, we faced tight deadlines before

submission. I divided tasks logically among team members and managed my time by setting

micro-deadlines. By staying calm and focused, we completed testing and deployment on time.

2. Describe a situation where you worked in a team.

Answer: During WIEHACKS 5.0, we collaborated to create a prototype in limited time. I handled

frontend integration and API calls. We communicated actively, supported each other, and got

selected among the top 52 out of 1800+ teams.

3. How do you handle failure or setbacks?

Answer: I believe failure teaches resilience. In one Ideathon round, a part of our idea wasn't feasible

in the time frame. Instead of panicking, I quickly brainstormed an alternative approach and learned

to always have backup plans.

4. How do you keep yourself motivated when a task becomes monotonous?

Answer: I break tasks into smaller goals and reward myself after completing them. I also try to

understand the bigger purpose of the task. For example, while testing ReArtify, I reminded myself

how it could promote sustainability.

5. Where do you see yourself in the next 5 years?

Answer: I see myself working in a company that values innovation and problem-solving, taking

ownership of projects, learning from seniors, and eventually mentoring juniors while working towards

becoming a lead software engineer.

6. Why should we hire you?

Answer: I?m a fast learner, curious problem-solver, and team-oriented individual. With real project

experience, certifications, and consistent participation in tech events, I bring not just knowledge, but
practical implementation ability.

Technical Questions (C++, HTML, CSS, DBMS, JS, TensorFlow, Flask)

1. Explain the difference between pointers and references in C++.

Answer: Pointers are variables that store the memory address of another variable and can be

reassigned. References are aliases for another variable and cannot be null or reassigned after

initialization.

2. How would you optimize a nested loop in your program?

Answer: By reducing iterations using better logic (e.g., binary search or hashmap). Example:

Replacing O(n^2) comparisons in a sorting problem with a divide-and-conquer approach like Merge

Sort.

3. What is an event loop in JavaScript?

Answer: The event loop is responsible for managing execution contexts and tasks. It processes the

call stack and handles asynchronous operations like setTimeout() or API calls.

4. What are promises in JavaScript, and how do they differ from callbacks?

Answer: Promises handle asynchronous operations by chaining .then() and .catch(). They improve

readability over callback functions, avoiding 'callback hell'.

5. What are the advantages of using const over let in JavaScript?

Answer: const declares variables that cannot be reassigned, ensuring immutability. This is

especially useful in reducing unintended bugs in large-scale applications.

6. What is the difference between client-side and server-side rendering?

Answer: Client-side rendering: The browser builds the HTML dynamically using JavaScript.

Server-side rendering: The server sends pre-built HTML to the client. Flask supports server-side

rendering with Jinja2.

7. How would you optimize a website?s performance?

Answer: Minimize HTTP requests, use lazy loading, minify CSS/JS/HTML, and implement caching.

8. Explain RESTful APIs. How did you use them in your projects?
Answer: RESTful APIs follow constraints like statelessness, resource-based URLs, and standard

HTTP methods. In ReArtify, I used a REST API with Flask to expose ML model predictions.

9. What are media queries in CSS? How did you use them?

Answer: Media queries enable responsive design by applying styles based on device width, height,

or orientation.

10. What is ACID in databases? Why is it important?

Answer: ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. It ensures reliable

transactions in relational databases.

11. How does indexing improve query performance?

Answer: Indexing creates a data structure that allows faster retrieval of records.

12. How do transactions work in relational databases?

Answer: Transactions ensure that a group of operations either all succeed or none are applied.

13. How does Firebase support real-time updates?

Answer: Firebase uses WebSockets instead of HTTP requests, allowing two-way communication

and instant data synchronization across clients.

14. What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning?

Answer: Supervised learning uses labeled data. Unsupervised learning identifies patterns in

unlabeled data.

15. What is overfitting, and how can you prevent it?

Answer: Overfitting occurs when a model performs well on training data but poorly on unseen data.

Prevent with regularization, more data, or dropout.

16. What is the difference between a validation set and a test set?

Answer: The validation set is used during training to tune parameters. The test set evaluates model

performance on unseen data.

17. What is transfer learning, and why is it useful?

Answer: Transfer learning uses pre-trained models for new tasks, reducing training time and

resources.
18. What are the differences between multithreading and multiprocessing?

Answer: Multithreading shares memory and runs concurrently. Multiprocessing has separate

memory and runs in parallel.

19. What is the difference between TCP and UDP protocols?

Answer: TCP is reliable and connection-oriented. UDP is faster but connectionless.

20. What is recursion, and how is it different from iteration?

Answer: Recursion is a function calling itself until a base case is met. Iteration uses loops.