Java Programming

Day 1:Introduction and Installing the java(JDK) step by step

In this chapter we will see what is java,why do we want to learn java,and we will see how to install java
in windows operating system java,so java is a high level programming language developed by sun
microsystems in early 90s,so like any other high level programming language like and c++ java is also a
high level programming language,but there is a difference from other programming languages that it is a
cross platform programming language,which you can develop and compile on multiple operating system
like linux,mac os and windows,and it runs the program with special virtual machine called JVM,Java
Virtual Machine,so this java virtual machine is responsible for running the java program so whenever
you install java virtual machine on your operating system,so this java virtual machine is same for every
operating system,so the program runs on the java virtual machine and not on the native linux or
windows operating system,so it jvm runs on every operating system that java supports,so you can
compile your program on mac os or linux and you can run it on windows using java virtual machine,so
before installing java you need to install java JDK or JRE on the operating systems and so java programs
are portable across platforms,each program is translated into java bytecode and each machine has a
Java Virtual Machine(JVM) which knows how to execute the bytecode.java is an object oriented
programming language

And first we need to install java on our system,to check if java is not installed or installed on your system
go to the start menu and open the command prompt

In the command prompt type the command

Javac

C:\Users\Programming Knowledge>javac

Javac is not recognized as an internal or external command

If this is the message shown then java is not installed on the computer,so you can install java like this

Go to google search and search jdk-java SE Downloads form oracle

Java JDK and other is NetBeans Jdk

Java is platform and net beans is Ide,so you have the option to download java with netbeans ide,But we
will not choose the net beans we will choose the java JDK-Java SE Development Kit

-accept the licence agreement

-windows 32/64 bit amd save the download

-now click next button for installation of java

Once java is installed you can go to the c drive and program files-java-jdk,jre

In the java folder in program files you will find jdk and jre files

We can rename the files as jdk 8 and jre 8

And you need to set your environment variables so that while compiling the it will recognize your jdk
and jre

Now go to this-Control Panel-system and security-system

Advanced system settings-environment variables

System variables-PathC:\ProgramData\oracle\java\javapath

You can edit the path by clicking edit

Edit system Variable-

Variable name :Path

Variable Value :Program Files(x86)CodeBlocks\MinGW\bin

There will be already a value in this Variable Value,we will check this

Program Files-java-jdk8-bin

So copy this path

C:\Program Files\Java\jdk8\bin

So in this copy this path after a semi-colon

Edit system Variable-

Variable name :Path

Variable Value :Program Files(x86)CodeBlocks\MinGW\bin ; C:\Program Files\Java\jdk8\bin

Now go to program files-java-jre

This time go to the jre folder,give this path of jre in this also the

Edit system Variable-

Variable name :Path

Variable Value :Program Files(x86)CodeBlocks\MinGW\bin ; C:\Program Files\Java\jdk8\bin ; C:\Program
Files\Java\jre8\bin

So why do we set environment variables when you compile a program and when you set environment
variables,the compiler knows the path of these binary paths which are responsible for the file in your
program and then you can compile the program,now after setting environment variables you can open
command prompt and check this

C:\Users\Programming Knowledge>javac

Now we will see many things there so this is the response that java is installed,so whenever you give
javac program it will compile your java program,in the next chapter we will see what is eclipse IDE which
is mostly used ide for compiling java programs

Day 2:Installing Eclipse IDE and Setting up Eclipse

In this chapter we will see how we can install eclipse IDE for our windows operating system,IDE is
integrated Development Environment which helps to code the program,so IDE is an editor,which helps
to write your program,helps to compile the program,so it is the most used IDE for java development,so
we will search the eclipse IDE for the program,we search,eclipse ide,-Eclipse Downloads

www.eclipse.org/downloads/

we will download eclipse IDE for java developers

we will choose the location and then download eclipse file

after downloading eclipse we will see how we can configure eclipse

so we have the zip file and in this file we have the folder eclipse,we will extract the eclipse folder to the
c:\,Extract to-Extraction path and options-OS(C:)

and after extraction we can see the eclipse folder inside the C folder

C-eclipse-configurations

dropins

features

plugins

readme
 eclipseproduct

artifacts

eclipse

eclipse

eclipse

notice

we will see that there is an error displayed when we open eclipse

JVM Terminated Exit code=2

C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\Javapath\javaw.exe

This error comes when you have something wrong configured in your path

We have set the environment variables for jdk 8 and jre 8,those environment variables are not
responsible for this error,this error is due to the environment variable setting of this

C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\Javapath\javaw.exe

We will copy this path to the project explorer and see if this path exists

ThisPC-OS(C:)-ProgramData-Oracle-Java-Javapath

Java

Javaw

Javaws

We go to system and go to advanced system settings-system properties-Advanced-Environment

Variables-system variables-Path- C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\Javapath\javaw.exe

We see that the first path is this

Click this path and then

Edit System Variable

Variable name: Path

Variable value: C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\Javapath\javaw.exe;Program Files(x86)CodeBlocks\

MinGW\bin ; C:\Program Files\Java\jdk8\bin ; C:\Program Files\Java\jre8\bin

You have to delete this path- C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\Javapath\javaw.exe

From the variable value

So now the variable value is - Files(x86)CodeBlocks\MinGW\bin ; C:\Program Files\Java\jdk8\bin ; C:\

Program Files\Java\jre8\bin

So now when we start eclipse it will start

It will show a workspace by default all the programs will be saved in this workspace

Workspace:C:\Users\ProgrammingKnowledge.workspace

Enter

File-new-javaproject

New Java project

Create a java project

Enter a Project Name

Project name:MyFirstProject

Click next

New Java Project

Java Settings

Source

MyFirstProject

Src

In the project folder there will be a source folder

Enter

Package explorer

MyFirstProject

Src

JRE System Library

Now we go to src-right click-new-class

New Java Class

Java class

Create a new java class

Source Folder:MyFirstProject/src

Name:MyClass

Modifiers:public

Which method stubs would you like to create

Check this option public static void main(String []args)

And check inherited abstract methods

Package explorer

MyFirstProject

Src

Default Package

MyClass.java

JRE System Library

JRE System Library

MyClass.java

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string []args){

//T000 Auto Generated Method Stub

System.out.println(“Hello World”);

}
We will right click MyFirstProject in the project explorer

MyFirstProject-right click-run as-java application

Save and Launch

Select this-MyClass.java

So we will see hello world printed in the console

So this is that eclipse ide is properly configured in my system and we will compile the java program

In the next chapter we will see how to properly configure your first java project

And we will see what are there methods,classes and objects this

Day 3:Creating First Java Project in Eclipse IDE

We have seen how we can download and install eclipse ide on our operating system,we have also seen
how we can configure eclipse to run a java program,in this chapter we will see how to create a project
and what is the structure of this eclipse IDE,and we will see how to do important settings in eclipse
IDE,we will create a new project

File-right click-new-Java Project

Create a java project

Project name:FirstProject

-JRE

Use an execution environment JRE JavaSE-1.8

Jdk8

So we have the execution environment Jre and also we have the jdk these paths are needed to execute
the program

click next

eclipse will create a new folder for us and also eclipse will create a sub folder for us,which will contain all
the source files and the,default output Folder will be FirstProject\bin,FirstProject is the file name and
then \ bin

we click enter
we see in the project explorer we have two projects,so in eclipse you can have as many number of
projects but you have to run the project 1 at a time

Package explorer

First Project

MyFirstProject

So to close a project you can right click on project and –close project

Package explorer

First Project

Src(right click-new-packages)

JRE System Library

So packages are used to bind different workspaces or different folders in your class

Suppose you want to take a program for two different cases in one project then you can create a
package for both the cases for example I want to create package for FirstProject,so I want to create a
lesson 1 case then we go to the package

New java package

Java Package

Create a new java package

Source folder:FirstProject/src

Name:lesson1

Click enter

Package explorer

First Project

Src

lesson 1
JRE System Library

So this will create a new package folder in the source folder src

So for seeing how to folder structure looks like

We have saved the file in the workspace

We go the C:\ and click Users-

Programming knowledge-

Contacts

Desktop

Documents

Workspace(click on this)-

.metadata

.recommenders

FirstProject(click on this)-

MyFirstProject

.settings

bin

src(click on this)-

.classpath

.project

lesson 1

So we go by this

C:\ -Users-Programming Knowledge-workspace-FirstProject-src

So whenever you create a package there will be a folder inside your source folder

So we will write the program for lesson 1

So inside the package lesson 1 we will add this-new-class

New Java Class

Java class

Create a new java class

Source folder:FirstProject/src

Package:lesson 1

Whick method stubs would you like to create

Check

Public static void main(string[] args)

And check inherited abstract methods

Click enter

Package explorer

First Project

Src

lesson 1

MyClass.java

JRE System Library

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

 //TODO Auto generated method stub

So every java program has atleast 1 class,and inside this class it has at least one method called main

To change the fond size go to windows-preferences,search for fonts-appearances-colours and fonts

In this you will find many categories as this

Basic

CVS

Debug

Git

Java(click on this)

There is a category java,click on this

Java editor text font(select this)

Click edit

We will give this bold and font size 24

Click apply and enter

Similarly we can change the font size of the console

We can go to the category called debug(console fonts)

-edit

bold and font size 2

Click apply and enter

So every java program has atleast 1 java class whatever class you declare and atleast 1 method called
main,so a method is a pieace of code that does a action so this method,public static void main,we will
see in detail but for now,every program has 1 main methos and whatever you write inside these curly
braces after this main method will be executed so for example,we will see what commnets are for
example

//TODO Auto generated method stub

Is comments in the program MyClass.java

So comments are important to document your program

For example we want to define what is the purpose of this class or what this program is doing,so to
make a comment give forward slash /* enter eclipse will create this type of comments for us that

/*

*/

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/*

* this is my first program

*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

//TODO Auto generated method stub

So whatever you write inside this comments will not be executed

So this is the information you are documenting for the program

So this is 1 way of writing comments and the other way of writing comments is this by using // and this
will also not be executed

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/*

* this is my first program

*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

So whenever you create a project it has a class MyClass and a method,and you can see there is a
perspective on the right side of the window called outline

Outline

Lesson1(package)

MyClass

Main(String[]:void

So your package,your class and your main function are listed here this

So when your program becomes then this outline will help you to access your class,your methods and
packages wherever they are

So when you click in the outline MyClass the cursor goes to MyClass in the program similarly for the
methods and packages,so whatever you write inside the main method will be executed,so java has
already inbuild classes to help you program

Write System. So in the pop up eclipse ide will show what are the methods available in this system class

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/*

* this is my first program

*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

Suppose we want to run the program then right click FirstProject in the project explorer and then run as
Java Application

Or you can directly run the program you will get this save and launch,we see the output

Output

Hello Youtube

So this system is a class so whenever you hover,move the cursor, over ant inbuilt class,it will give the
help pop up in this,for example system.

We see this

Javalang.System

The system class contains several useful class fields and methods,it cannot be instantiate

among the facilities provides by system class are standard input,standard output and error output
streams,access to externally defined properties and environment variables and means of loading files
and libraries and a utility method for quickly copying a portion of an array

similarly you can move the cursor over out and print and see the description or you can press ctrl and
then click the method you would be redirected on the other page for seeing the description

System.class

/***

* the <code> system</code> class contains several useful classes and method.
* it cannot be instantiated

*<p>among the facilities provided by the code system</cin></cout>are standard input ,standard output

*and error output,access to properties and externally defined environment variables,a means of loading

*files and libraries,and a method for quickly copying a portion of the array

*@author unsubscribed

*@since JDK1.0

***/

public final class system{

/* register the natives via the static initializer

*VM will invoke the initialiizeSystemClass method to the

* the initialization for this class seperated from this class

*Note that to use the properties set by VM,see the described in the initializeSystemClass method

*/

Private static native void,register natives();

Static{

Register natives();

/***don’t let anyone instantiate this class*/

Private system(){

/***

* the “standard” input stream,this stream is already open and

* ready to supply input data.typically this corresponds to keyboard

* input or another input source the host environment or user

*/
Public final static input stream in=null;

/***

* the standard output stream,this stream is already open and ready to accept output data

* typically this corresponds to display output or another description specified by the host

* environment or user

*<p>

* see the <code>println</code>methods in class<code>

* @see java.io.PrintStream#println()

So this is System.class

So we have seen that we can get help for the description of the methods as seen above

Day 4:Variable and Types in Java

In this chapter we will see what are variables and how we can use variables in java,so variables are
names that we can use to declare to store a value,and in java there is a specified format to declare a
variable this,so in java you want to declare a variable whose main method is there,so we will declare a
variable like this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/*

* this is my first program

*/
 Public static void main(string[] args){

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

We will select the data type,so data type is type of variable this,suppose we want to store integer in a
variable value this,we can declare a data type int which stands for integer,then you can give any name to
the variable this int x and then we will assign a value to this variable

Int x=10;

This is that x is a variable of type integer which has a value of 10,so x in this case is variable,and variables
are names that can store a value,suppose you want to print the value of x you can directly print the
variable

System.out.println(“x”);

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/*

* this is my first program

*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

Int x=10;

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

System.out.println(“x”);
 }

Output

10

We can give names to the variables like this

Int my_variable=10

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/*

* this is my first program

*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

Int my_variable=10;

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

System.out.println(“my_variable”);

Output

My variable 10
In java there are many data types that we can declare here we have declared data type of type integer
int,so we will see some of the data types

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/* byte(number,1 byte)

Short(number,2 bytes)

Int(number,4 bytes)

long(number,8 bytes)

float(float number,4 bytes)

double(float number,8 bytes)

char(a character,2 bytes)

boolean(true or false,1 byte)*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

byte my_variable=10;

float my_decimal=(float)4.5;

double my_double=13.58;

char my_char=’A’;

boolean is_true=false;

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

System.out.println(“my_variable”);

}
We write (float) for 4.5 becuae 4.5 can be double so we specify this 4.5 is float by giving(float)

This (float) is that we are type casting double value to float,so these are the data type in java and we see
that how we can declare the variable in java,so all these variables can print the values

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

/* byte(number,1 byte)

Short(number,2 bytes)

Int(number,4 bytes)

long(number,8 bytes)

float(float number,4 bytes)

double(float number,8 bytes)

char(a character,2 bytes)

boolean(true or false,1 byte)*/

Public static void main(string[] args){

byte my_variable=10;

float my_decimal=(float)4.5;

double my_double=13.58;

char my_char=’A’;

boolean is_true=false;

//TODO Auto generated method stub

// this is my first program

System.out.println(“my_variable”);

System.out.println(“my_decimal”);

System.out.println(“my_double”);

System.out.println(“my_char”);

System.out.println(“is_true”);
 }

Output

10

4.5

13.5

false

this is how we can declare variables and use them in java

Day 5:Getting User input using Java

In this chapter we will see how we can give user input using java,suppose you want to enable user
inputs,the user should give the input,then we will do a action.so how we can this,there is a special class
in java ,suppose you want that user should give the input for the action to do this,there is a special class
in java called scanner which we used to take the input,so we define scanner so scan can be a data type
and scan can be a variable,we can define a variable for this data type or instance

Scanner scan=new scanner();

It takes the input

To print the output on the console we write system.out and to take input we write system.in,so this
code will enable us to take the input from the user,now for the first time,we write this we see a line
below this scanner,this is because we need to add this class in our project file,so when we compile this
program it gives error,that is error in the required project,the error is that-scanner cannot be resolved
to a type,so we hover over scanner and eclipse will give this,so eclipse ide will give some suggestions,so
the first suggestion is import scanner

We get this line import scanner,so this line is importing scanner

Import java.util.scanner
So this scanner is already defined in java,this scanner in import takes the scan from the input of the user

Now to see what input user has given you can tell the user

System.out.println(“Enter a number”);

In the next line we will define a variable,we have seen how to define a variable

Int user_input_number

Program

package lesson1;

import java.util.scanner;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[ ] args){

Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println(“Enter a number”);

int user_input_number=scan.nextInt();

When you write scan. It will give suggestions,since we have int user so we will take numbers

Program

package lesson1;

import java.util.scanner;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[ ] args){

Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println(“Enter a number”);
 int user_input_number=scan.nextInt();

in the next line we are going to print the entered value is and then

Program

package lesson1;

import java.util.scanner;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[ ] args){

Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println(“Enter a number”);

int user_input_number=scan.nextInt();

System.out.println(“The Entered value is”);

System.out.print(“user_input_number”);

We will see that we output a number,we enter a number like 1300,so the programmer is asking the user
to enter the number

Enter a number

1300

The entered value is

1300
Again we enter the value and it gives the number entered,this nextInt is the user enter a double value or
enter a text value,so you can do this you can copy this value from this

Program

package lesson1;

import java.util.scanner;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[ ] args){

Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println(“Enter a number”);

int user_input_number=scan.nextInt();

System.out.println(“The Entered value is”);

System.out.print(“user_input_number”);

Scanner scan1=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println(“Enter a decimal value”);

double user_input_double=scan1.nextDouble();

System.out.println(“The Entered value is”);

System.out.print(“user_input_number”);

So whatever the input you are taking we give the next double,so the user will input double values this,so
first we will ask the user to input a number then we will ask the user to input a double number

Output
Enter a number

4227

The entered value is 4227

Enter a decimal value

183.38

The entered value is

183.38

So in this way you can take double as an input,to define a character we can define string,it takes an
array of characters

Program

package lesson1;

import java.util.scanner;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[ ] args){

Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println(“Enter a string”);

string user_input_string=scan.nextLine();

System.out.println(“The Entered value is”);

System.out.print(“user_input_string”);

Output
Enter a string

Hi there how are you

The entered string is

Hi there how are you

So in this way you can take different types of input from the user,and assign it to a variable and then use
this variable-user_input_string in your program

So you can take scan. Then we see the suggestions as nextboolean ,next integer,nextfloat,nextbyte,so
whatever data type you want to take you can take so we see that you have seen the basics of scanning

Day 6:Math and Arithmetic Operators in Java

In this chapter we will see what are math and arithemetic operators in Java,we can make a calculator
with this,so lets declare 2 variables with this

Int x , y

And we will give 1 more variable answer

Int x , y , answer;

And we will assign x

x=20;

y=30;

x as 1 variable 20 and y as another variable 30

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;
 x=20;

y=30;

And now we will do some operations for x and y,we can add the values in the two variables x and y and
store the value in the third variable called answer

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;

x=20;

y=30;

answer= x + y;

So when you add the two variables x and y and store it in the third variable or assign it to the third
variable answer then it will contain the result of the addition of the two variables in answer

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;

x=20;

y=30;
 answer= x + y;

System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

So this + in the system.out.println is the concatenation operator it is used to contatenate two things the
string “Answer= “ and integer answer after the + ,so eclipse ide identifies it and gives the result

Output

Answer=50

To subtract the values we can do this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;

x=20;

y=30;

answer= x - y;

System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

Output

Answer=-10
Now to multiply these two variables we can do this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;

x=20;

y=30;

answer= x* y;

System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

Output

Answer=600

Now we will see division

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;

x=20;

y=30;

answer= x / y;
System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

Output=0

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

Int x , y , answer;

x=98;

y=30;

answer= x / y;

System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

Output

Answer=3

We see here that we get the result only the integer values because x and y are integers and answer is
also an integer so we do not the get the remainder values of the division,to get the decimal value as the
answer,we can declare the variable as double

MyClass.java
Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

double x , y , answer;

x=98;

y=30;

answer= x / y;

System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

Output

Answer=3.34

And if you declare the variables as integer you get the answer only as quotient and not the
remainder ,to get the decimal values you have to declare the variables as double

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

double x , y , answer;

x=98;

y=30;

answer= x % y;
// + - * / %

System.out.println(“Answer= “ + answer);

Output

Answer=8

We see that when we use % we get the remainder of the division of the variables,the remainder is 8 in
this case ,so these are the math operators functions

Day 7:Increment Operator and Assignment Operator Functions

In this chapter we will see how to use increment operator,post increment and pre increment operator
and we wil also see assignment operator functions

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

System.out.println();

}
Suppose we initialize the value of x by 10,so we want to increment the value of x so we can do this by
x=x+1;

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=98;

x=x+1;

System.out.println(x);

Output

99

So the value of x is 98 it is incremented by 1 that is value of x is 99

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=98;

x++;

System.out.println(x);

}
Output

99

So we can give x++ instead of x=x+1 and it will give the same result

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=98;

x=x+1;

System.out.println(x++);

System.out.println(x);

Output

98

99

We see that the result is first 98 because we have given x++ in system.out.prinln so it will print the value
of x first and since ++ is post increment so sfter printing the value of x by 98 it will increment the value of
x by 1 so in the next statement the value of x will be 99

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

 int x=98;

x=x+1;

System.out.println(++x);

System.out.println(x);

Output

99

99

In this case we are pre incrementing the values,so the for ++x it will pre increment the value of x in the
statement itself and display the result 99 and for the next statement it will print the value of x which will
same as the above

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=90;

x+=8;//x=x+8

System.out.println(x);

}
Output

98

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=90;

x*=10;//x=x*10

System.out.println(x);

Output

900

So to multiply this value we use * and we get the result

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=900;

x/=10;//x=x/10

System.out.println(x);
 }

Output

90

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=90;

x-=10;//x=x-10

System.out.println(x);

Output

80

So the assignment operator is =,so in this way you can use increment operator and assignment operator
function in java
Day 8: IF Else Statements and Relational Operators Functions

In this chapter we will see what are conditional statements in java we will also see what are if
statements in java and else statements in java so first of all what are conditional statements in java,a
conditional statement is a statement which evaluates whether a condition is true or false and based
upon the condition we use a code,so for example,so we will take an example of if statements which is
also a conditional statement so how it works

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

/*

If(boolean_expression)

execute if the boolean expression is true

*/

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

So for if statement we write if and inside these brackets we have a boolean condition which need to be
evaluated,and if the condition is true the it will excute the code inside these curly braces,otherwise it
will not execute the code if the condition is not true,so here we have x=10 and we need to evaluate if x
is really 10 or not,and based on this we want to execute a code or another statement

MyClass.java
package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

/*

If(boolean_expression)

execute if the boolean expression is true

*/

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

if(x == 10){

So this == is comparison operator function it checks the equality of the if condition,so whwnver you
write this ==,we are checking if x is really =10 or not,and we have assigned above that x=10 so if this
statement is true

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

/*

If(boolean_expression)

execute if the boolean expression is true

}

*/

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

if(x == 10){

system.out.println(“yes x==10”);

Output

Yes==10

This is true so in the condition if(x==10){ we replace the value of x by 10 and we are cheacking if 10==10
so this is true so it gives the result,now we give if x==20 and see the result

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

/*

If(boolean_expression)

execute if the boolean expression is true

*/

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

if(x == 20){
 system.out.println(“yes x==10”);

Output

It will not execute because the statement is false,we can use else statement to display this condition

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

/*

If(boolean_expression)

execute if the boolean expression is true

*/

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

if(x == 20){

system.out.println(“yes x==10”);

else{

system.out.println(“no x!=10”);

}
}

Output

no x!=10

so if your condition is false your program goes to else statement and executes the code in the else
statement,so we have conditional operators as these

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

/*

== is equal to

!= is not equal to

> is greater than

< is less than

>= is greater than or equal to

<= is less than or equal to

*/

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int x=10;

if(x != 20){

system.out.println(“yes x==10”);

else{
system.out.println(“no x!=10”);

Output

yes x==10

similarly you can check other conditions here this from above in this

if(x != 20){

if(x >20){

if( x<20){

if(x>=20){

if(x<=20){

so these are the comparison operators function and we can use if else statements in java which is also
the conditional statements in java

Day 9:Logical Operators Functions in Java

In the last chapter we have seen how to use if statements in java and we have seen that how to use
relational operators functions inside the if statements,in this chapter we will see how to use logical
operators functions with if statements,so what are logical operators functions,so for example you want
to evaluate more than 1 condition using a single if statement so how you can do this

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

 int subject 1=40;

int subject 2=60

//&&-> AND ||->OR

if((subject1>=40) && (subject 2>=40)){

system.out.println(“the condition is true”);

Output

The condition is true

We give the else condition also here this

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int subject 1=40;

int subject 2=60

//&&-> AND ||->OR

if((subject1>=40) && (subject 2>=40)){

system.out.println(“the condition is true”);

}else{

system.out.println(“the condition is false”);

}
MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int subject 1=20;

int subject 2=60

//&&-> AND ||->OR

if((subject1>=40) && (subject 2>=40)){

system.out.println(“the condition is true”);

}else{

system.out.println(“the condition is false”);

Output

The condition is false

So the and operator checks if both the condition is true then only it executes the if condition otherwise
it executes the else condition ,so here 1 condition was false so it executes the else condition,but in or
condition even if 1 condition is false it executes the if condition because it checks the condition 1 or 2 so
it executes the if statements

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int subject 1=20;

 int subject 2=60

//&&-> AND ||->OR

if((subject1>=40) || (subject 2>=40)){

system.out.println(“the condition is true”);

}else{

system.out.println(“the condition is false”);

Output

The condition is true

If both the conditions are false then it will execute the else statements

Day 10:Switch Statements in Java

In the last chapter we have seen how to use if else statements which are condition based statements,in
this chapter we will see another conditional statements in java called switch statements,so whenever
you want to make multiple conditional checking we can use switch statements,we can use else
statements but generally in switch case we have to check multiple expressions

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int marks=90;
// byte , short , int or char

switch()

In the switch() brackets we evaluate the expressions,these expressions can be byte,short,int or char

We take switch(marks)

And based on this marks we can define cases inside the switch condition

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int marks=90;

// byte , short , int or char

switch(marks)

Case 90:

System.out.println(“excellent”);

break;

Case 60:

System.out.println(“good”);

break;

Case 40:

System.out.println(“ok”);

break;
 }

Here we see that we will use this case 90 it will execute this statement then we will break out of this
switch statement and we will go to other cases,and if all the conditions are not met then we can define a
default condition,this condition will catch any other condition other than defined by these switch
conditions

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int marks=90;

// byte , short , int or char

switch(marks)

Case 90:

System.out.println(“excellent”);

break;

Case 60:

System.out.println(“good”);

break;

Case 40:

System.out.println(“ok”);

break;

default:

System.out.println(“the grades are not defined”);

 break;

Output

Excellent

This is because we have defined marks as 90 and this variable marks we are evaluating with this switch
statement, switch(marks)

Then the switch statements sees the case,if the case is 90 then it executes this statement in 90,whatever
you write after this colon in case 90: and before the break any thing written will be executed and then
the statement will go out of the switch statements,so when you want to check multiple conditions or
cases and want to execute the same code you can do like this

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int marks=100;

// byte , short , int or char

switch(marks)

Case 100:

Case 90:

System.out.println(“excellent”);

break;

Case 60:
 System.out.println(“good”);

break;

Case 40:

System.out.println(“ok”);

break;

default:

System.out.println(“the grades are not defined”);

break;

Output

Excellent

So it gives here excellent,because in case 100 we did not give any break so after checkinh the condition
it goes to case 90 and then executes the statement of case 90 and then it sees the break and breaks out
of the switch case and prints excellent

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int marks=98;

// byte , short , int or char

switch(marks)
 {

Case 100:

Case 98:

Case 90:

System.out.println(“excellent”);

break;

Case 60:

System.out.println(“good”);

break;

Case 40:

System.out.println(“ok”);

break;

default:

System.out.println(“the grades are not defined”);

break;

Output

Excellent

In this it is evaluating three conditions in cases 100,98 and 90 and printing 1 statement that is excellent
which is there for the 3 cases it prints excellent and then break out of the switch statements

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;
public class MyClass{

public static void main (string[ ] args){

int marks=80;

// byte , short , int or char

switch(marks)

Case 100:

Case 98:

Case 90:

System.out.println(“excellent”);

break;

Case 80:

Case 60:

System.out.println(“good”);

break;

Case 40:

System.out.println(“ok”);

break;

default:

System.out.println(“the grades are not defined”);

break;

Output

Good
So in this way you can check the conditions in the switch statements

Day 11:The While Statements(While Loops)

In this chapter we will see what are while loops in java

So a loop is a piece of code or statement which execute the block of code again and again until a
condition is met,suppose you want to execute a block of code again and again without rewriting it then
it will do this,we initialize an intiger a by 0 and we see what is the basic syntax of while loop

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[ ] args){

int a=0;

while(a<10)

System.out.println(a);

a++;

So when the condition defined in the while in brackets () is true then this code will execute otherwise it
will break out of the loop

Output

3
4

So this system.outprintln executes the condition again and again until this condition a<10 is met,so
initially the value of a was 0 so it checks the condition is a<10 that is is 0<10 the condition is true so it
prints the value of a as 0,so now it increments the value of a a++ and now the value of a is 1 so it goes to
the while loop and checks the condition if a <10 that is if 1<10 so the condition is true so it prints the
value of a as 1 and it increments the value of I by 1 so the value of 1 is 2 ,now it goes to the while loops
and checks the condition if a<10 so 2<10 the condition is true so it prints the value of a as 2 and then
increments the value of a by 1 so now the value of a is 3 so now it goes to thye while loop and checks
the condition if a<10 that is if 3<10 the condition is true so it prints the value of a as 3 and increments
the value of a by 1 similarly it prints the value 4,5,6,7,8 and 9 and when a=10,it checks the condition in
the wile loop ifa<10 that is if 10<10 the condition is false and it breaks out of the while loop and prints
the following statements,if we want to include 10 also in the statement then we have to give the
condition a<=10

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[ ] args){

int a=0;

while(a<=10)

System.out.println(a);

a++;

}
Output

10

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[ ] args){

int a=10;

while(a>=1)

System.out.println(a);

a--;

You can print the value of a in decreasing order also this

Output

10

So it gives the value similar to the condition until it is true and breaks out of the while loop when the
condition is false

Day 12:Do While Statements(Do While Loops)

In this chapter we will see what is do while loop,we have seen what is while loop and do while loop is
different from while loop we will see this

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[ ] args){

int a=0;

while(a<=10)

System.out.println(a);

a++;
 }

System.out.println(“---------------------------------------------------------------------------“);

Int b=0;

do{

system.out.println(b);

b++;

}while(b<=10);

We will see the difference between while loop and do while loop in this program this

Output:

10

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1
2

10

We can see the difference in while and do while loop

the while loop first evaluates the condition and then executes the statement

and the do while loop executes the statement first and then evaluates the condition fo example

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[ ] args){

int a=0;

while(a<=-1)

System.out.println(a);

a++;

System.out.println(“---------------------------------------------------------------------------“);

Int b=0;

do{
 system.out.println(b);

b++;

}while(b<=-1);

Suppose we change the condition of while loop and check the statement then we see that the output is
this

Output

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We get this output because the while loop checks the condition first and it checks whether a<=-1 but
here a is 0 and 0 !<=-1 so the condition is false so it does not executes and goes to the do while loop so
the do while loop executes first before evaluating the condition it prints a=0 then checks the condition
that 0!<=-1 and it goes out of the loop so the while loop does not execute the statement if the
statement is false but the do while loop executes the statement even if the statement if flase and it
executes atleast once even if the statement is false,so this is the difference between while loop and do
while loop

Day 13:Arrays in java

In this chapter we will see what are arrays and how we can declare arrays in java,so arrays are same as
variables but it can store more than 1 values at a time,but the condition is that you can store only same
kind of values in the array,suppose you want to staore 10 integers in an array you can do this but if you
want to store 5 integers and 5 double values you cannot do it because you can store only same kind of
data type in array,so let us see how we can declare an array,so you need to only give the data type for
example you want to give the integer array in the data type and then we use these square brackets

Int[ ]myintarray={}

And you can initialize the array

Int[ ]myintarray={1 , 3 , 2, 4 , 5}
MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 5};

So you can store multiple integers in the arrays now we have 5 integers

You can also declare arrays like this declare the data type

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 5};

/*int myintarray3[]={ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5}*/

So the other way is not the preffered way of declaring arrays so we give it in comments

There are other ways of declaring arrays

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

 Int[ ]myintarray={1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 5};

/*

Int[ ] myIntArray=newint[3];

Int[ ] myIntArray={1 , 2 , 3};

Int[ ] myIntArray=new int[ ]{1 , 2 , 3}

*/

We will see these later now we are using the type of declaration as shown above

and ={1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 5} are called the elements of the array,and the index of the position at where these
values are stored are called index

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 5};

/*

Int[ ] myIntArray=newint[3];

Int[ ] myIntArray={1 , 2 , 3};

Int[ ] myIntArray=new int[ ]{1 , 2 , 3}

*/

System.out.println(myintarray[ 0 ]};

Suppose you want to access the array element 1 so we can call in system.out.println the index of the
array so myintarray[ 0 ] and if you want to access the element you can call in system.out.println the
index of the array so myintarray[ 3 ]
Output

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 5};

/*

Int[ ] myIntArray=newint[3];

Int[ ] myIntArray={1 , 2 , 3};

Int[ ] myIntArray=new int[ ]{1 , 2 , 3}

*/

System.out.println(myintarray[ 3 ]};

Output

Suppose you want to print all the elements of the array we use while loop

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

 /*

Int[ ] myIntArray=newint[3];

Int[ ] myIntArray={1 , 2 , 3};

Int[ ] myIntArray=new int[ ]{1 , 2 , 3}

*/

Int index=0;

while (index<5){

System.out.println(myintarray[ index]);

Index++;

output

100

38

13

48

55

So this is the basics of array

Day 13:The For Statement in java

In the previous chapter we have seen how to use arrays in java and in this chapter,we will see how we
can use for loop effectively,we use this,for loop is same as while loop or do while loop in the way that
we write the same code again and again until some condition is met,but here we have more control on
the condition so lets see what is the basic declaration of for loop,we write for

Program:
package lesson 1;

public class my class{

public static void main(string[]args){

int[] myintarray={100,31,26,48,52};

for()

Program:

package lesson 1;

public class my class{

public static void main(string[]args){

int[] myintarray={100,31,26,48,52};

for(/*init ; expression ; increment*/)

Here we have 3 conditions called initialization,expression and increment,inside the for loop we can
define the integer value this

for(int i) the index of array

Program:
package lesson 1;

public class my class{

public static void main(string[]args){

int[] myintarray={100,31,26,48,52};

for(/*init ; expression ; increment*/)

In the last chapter we have seen this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

/*

Int[ ] myIntArray=newint[3];

Int[ ] myIntArray={1 , 2 , 3};

Int[ ] myIntArray=new int[ ]{1 , 2 , 3}

*/

Int index=0;

while (index<5){

System.out.println(myintarray[ index]);

Index++;

}
In the last chapter we have seen how to use arrays and print all the statements in the while loops using
arrays and we have declared this,index=0 and this declaration we have done outside also the loop which
was while loop,in for loop we can initialize the index inside this expression,index is 0 index<5 and the
third condition is this,in for loop we can increment the index inside this expression itself

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

/* Int index=0;

while (index<5){

System.out.println(myintarray[ index]);

Index++;

}*/

for(int index=0 ; index<5 ; index++ )

System.out.println(myintarray[index]);

So the while loop serves three purpose the initialization which you were doing outside when you were
using while loop and then the expression which will give you true or false,and the increment while you
can do inside the while loop,so we see the output this

100

31
26

48

52

So how this works so the for loop first initializes the variable this,and then it chaecks the condition if the
index is less than 5 because we have initialized the index by 0,so 0 is <5 so then it executes the
statement,so it increments the value first initialization and then if the condition is true it will print the
value and then it will increment the index value by 1,so the value of array at index 0 is 100,and then it
will increment the index of array by 1 which is this,so at index 1 the value of 1 <5 so it prints the value of
array at index 1 which is 31,so now the index of array is 2 so 2<5 and then it will print the value now the
inxex value is 3 so 3<5 so it will print the value of the array,so similarly it will print the value for 4 and for
5 it will come out of the loop this is the value of array

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

/* Int index=0;

while (index<5){

System.out.println(myintarray[ index]);

Index++;

}*/

for(int index=0 ; index<5 ; index++ )

System.out.println(myintarray[index]);

For()

{
 }

So declaration is the same but in case of array you can directly use this array here this

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

So this is the name of the variable which will hold the value 1 by 1,we will give colon here this and then
we will give the name of the array

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

/* Int index=0;

while (index<5){

System.out.println(myintarray[ index]);

Index++;

}*/

for(int index=0 ; index<5 ; index++ )

System.out.println(myintarray[index]);

For( int element : myintarray)

{
So what this for expression is doing is that

For( int element : myintarray)

It will go on the array 1 by 1 and it will store the value of the array 1 by 1 so the first value is the value
saved in this element,the value is 100 then the value is 38,13,48 and 55 so it will iterate the array 1 by
1,it will transfer the value of the array in this element and then you can access the value of the element
like this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ]args){

Int[ ]myintarray={100 , 38 , 13 , 48 ,55};

/* Int index=0;

while (index<5){

System.out.println(myintarray[ index]);

Index++;

}*/

/*for(int index=0 ; index<5 ; index++ )

System.out.println(myintarray[index]);

}*/

For( int element : myintarray)

System.out.println(myintarray[index]);

}
we see the output

output:

100

38

13

48

55

So this,For( int element : myintarray)

Array will transfer the element value 1 by 1 and then you can access this element value 1 by 1 when,this
is a good way of iterating the values on for loop using arrays

Day 16:Java String

String is a sequence of characters or in other words,string is a character array,so how you can use
strings,you have to use the keyword string,and you can name your string whatever you want,in quotes
whatever string you need like “Hello World” this string you can print using systemout or print
ln,system.out.println there are a few properties related to strings and then

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

System.out.println(mystring);

I can declare a variable called my string length

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

System.out.println(mystring);

You can give the variable length of the string and length,we will return a size or length of the string,

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

System.out.println(mystringLength);

Output

13

Now for example the length function,modified string we will declare as this

Program:

Package lesson 1;
Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

String mystringinLowerCase=myString.toLowerCase();

System.out.println(mystringin LowerCase);

Output

hello world

you can convert it to upper case

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

String mystringinLowerCase=myString.toUpperCase();

System.out.println(mystringinCase);

Output
HELLO WORLD

Now we can concatenate these strings hello and world

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

String mystringinLowerCase=myString.toUpperCase();

System.out.println(mystringinCase);

Output

HELLOWORLD

Then another function you can use in this string is this

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

String mystringinLowerCase=myString.toUpperCase();

System.out.println(mystring.replace(‘e’ , ‘a’));

}
If you have to replace the string e by a then we can do this

We see the output

Program:

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string [] args){

String mystring=”Hello World e”;

Int mystring length=mystring.length();

String mystringinLowerCase=myString.toUpperCase();

System.out.println(mystring.replace(‘e’ , ‘a’));

We will see the characters in the string in replace function

This is how you can replace strings in java,there are other functions

System.out.println(mystring.indexOf(‘l’));

Output

Day 16: Introduction to Methods

In this chapter we will see what is method and how we can use methods in java,methods are also called
functions in other languages,if you use functions or methods they can be used interchangeably,but in
java the method keyword is preffered so what is a method,a method is the piece of code that executes a
logic,and you can wrap with the methods with the name and you can call this,so how you can use a
method,so first of all,main is also a method that this java program has this we have seen in this,so in this
method java is expecting us to provide

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

There can be only 1 main method in the java program,but other than main,there is a reserved name in
java,you can provide any name,we will first give to access specifier in this method,we will see this public
and static,we will see this public and static in other chapters when we see how to use classes,then we
will start the return value and then comes this myFirstMethod

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Public static void myFirstMethod(int a)

So here the public static is access specifier and the public keyword tells java that that it is accessible
anywhere inside the class and void is the return type,right now we are not returning anything,but we
will show in the further chapter how to return value using method,and then we will see more options
except void and then comes the method name and in this

Program:
Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Public static void myFirstMethod( ){

In the circular bracket comes the argument now we are not passing the arguments and in these curly
braces,for example we want to print a message,system.out.println and then we write hello youtube,

This is a basic syntax of code,and this is the basic code which you want to write or access and you can
call this method in your main method here this and you don’t need to execute or print anything you call
it as it is,you need to copy the name of the method

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

myFirstMethod();

Public static void myFirstMethod( ){

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

Output

Hello Youtube
So it is not directly printing in the main method but it is calling the function,advantage of using this
function or code is that it will make your code,it will make your code readable and consise and it will
make your code look ok this,and you can call your method again and again in your main method and
without rewriting your code

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

Public static void myFirstMethod( ){

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

So the basic rule is when you want to call the method,so when you have this code to write again and
again then you may have this put inside this in a method and then you can make lesser lines of code
then more lines of code,so these code contains 5 lines and we

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

myFirstMethod();
 myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

Public static void myFirstMethod( ){

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

So this here we have this 5 lines of code,so we don’t need to write these 5 lines of code again and
again,so if we write these 5 lines,and if have to do this without the code then we can do these

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);
 System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

Public static void myFirstMethod( ){

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);
 System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

So when the methods uses this code we cant read the code to be able to read the code,so we will
execute method by a single line of code

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

myFirstMethod();

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

Public static void myFirstMethod( ){

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);
 System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”);

You can give logical name to your method so that it is understandable and then,so this is the basic type
of methods in java there are other methods like methods that take an argument and methods that
returns the value function

Day 17:Parameter Passing and Returning a Value from a Method

In the previous chapter we have seen how to declare a method in java,we will see what is a method and
why it is used,in this chapter we will see,we will see a few more properties we can add to methods,1
thing we will see is passing parameters to the method andf the other is called the returning values of the
method,so this is a method we have seen in the previous chapter

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

sayHello();

Public static void sayHello( ){

System.out.println(“Hello Youtube”)

But this does not serve the purpose it prints hello you tube,to serve the purpose you can add an
argument to this function, sayHello( ){

So public static is the access specifier,void is the return type which does not return anything,sayHello is
the function,and we will pass an argument to the function,so we pass the argument and in the curly
braces we write the statement,suppose we want to read a few persons based on their name,so we will
pass argument to the function,we will pass name in the form of string,so we first give the data type

sayHello(string ){

we can write this as

sayHello(string name ){

and then the value or variable name we need to pass,so this type of declaration inside the round bracket
is this,is called the parameter passing,and this parameter string inside the function string you can use
inside this function

system.out.println(“Hello” + name);

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

sayHello();

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

So whenever we call the function sayhello name to main method

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

 sayHello(name);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

sayHello(“Micheal”);

sayHello(“Mark”);

sayHello(“Micheal tyt”);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Output

Hello Micheal

Hello Mark

Hello Micheal tyt

So we can make this function usable according to the use,so another thing is that we can make this
function,you can use this function as an integer,so here you can pass, Public static void sayHello(string
name ){,we can pass any number of parameter,it is not necessary that we need to pass only 1
parameter,we can pass any number of parameters,so we can pass multiple parameters to this,so how
we will declare this,we will declare 1 more function,public static void main,we can add two value using
this function

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

sayHello(“Micheal”);

sayHello(“Mark”);

sayHello(“Micheal tyt”);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add()

And in this we can pass multiple values whatever we need to add like this

Public static void Add( int a , int b)

System.out.println(a + b);

We can add these values calling a+b,what what this will do is it will take the values of a and b in int a and
int b and return the result
Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Add(100,204);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add( int a , int b)

System.out.println(a + b);

Output

304

So using a same function you can operate on different values and functions

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Add(100,204);

Add(300,204);

Add(500,204);
 }

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add( int a , int b)

System.out.println(a + b);

Output

304

504

704

So this makes your code understandable,you can add perimeters here this

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Add(100,204);

Add(300,204);

Add(500,204);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

 System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

System.out.println(a + b+c);

You can add different parameters to the function like a,b and c

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Add(100,204+100);

Add(300,204+500);

Add(500,304,500);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

System.out.println(a + b+c);

}
Output

304

1004

1304

You need to give the data type of the variable and the variables that will hold the values this,this is
called parameter passing,we can only pass the values,but if we want to access the values this,using
parameter passing we cannot pass the result using this values this,how we can use main function to do
another arithemetic operation,so how we can do this,so using this function it is not possiblke but thesre
is a way to do this is this,is by returning few values this,so we can simplify the add function,so how we
can do this,but when we want to use the result inside the main function,we return integer values
this,and this return you tell what kind of value you want to return from the function,and the same it will
return from here this,we will write return a+b+c,so you are taking all the values which you pass to this
function, Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

And you are adding this and returning this to this function,so we

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Add(100,204+100);

Add(300,204+500);

Add(500,304,500);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

//System.out.println(a + b+c);
 return(a+b+c);

We are passing these 3 values this and return the return,whenever a function is returning anything,you
can store it in another variables 1 of the same type,so the data type of the returning and the data type
in which you need to store in this

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

int sum=Add(500,304+500);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name)

Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

//System.out.println(a + b+c);

return(a+b+c);

So in this int sum=Add(500,304+500); what it will do is that 500 will be replaced by a,304 will be
replaced by b and 500 will be replaced by c and it will add the value and return the result,and you can
store this sum of the return in another variable this, int sum=Add(500,304+500); sum variable this,and if
you want to do another arithemetic operation on this sum

Program:
Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

int sum=Add(500,304+500);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name);

Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

//System.out.println(a + b+c);

return(a+b+c);

Program:

Package lesson1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

int sum=Add(500,304+500);

int result=sum*16;

system.out.println(result);

Public static void sayHello(string name ){

System.out.println(“Hello” + name);

}
Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

//System.out.println(a + b+c);

return(a+b+c);

Then you can multiply these sum and do arithemetic operations,and then you can store this result in
another variable this,so in this way the function or method,you can make the code organized and
consize,and the code is understandable,so we have seen the basic concept of passing parameters,and
returning values in the same way we can make any logic

Public static void Add( int a , int b, int c)

We can do the multiplication of numbers,the division of numbers,you can subtract numbers or any
arithemetic,so anything you want to do,you can do inside the function,youi can take the arguments or
parameters here and you can return the result,so that you can use it in the main method,so we have
seen this passing parameters form a method and returning values from a method

Day 18: Classes and Objects in Java

Till now we have seen the procedural part of java,now from this chapter we will see the object oriented
aspects of java,in this chapter we will see what are classes in java and how we can declare classes in java
and how we can use classes in java,so ehat is classes in java,we have noticed that whenever we have
created our firat program,we had a class function and inside this class we were calling this main method

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

}
so every java class has 1 class and 1 main method,and class is basically a data structure or type inside
which we can define a few variables called member variable functionsand methods which are member
methods,and the most important properties of classes is that,we can create instance or object from
class,we can maintain different stages of this class using these instances or objects of the class,so let’s
see how we can define a class and how we can use class,for example we need to take a student data
structure and for that we want to take

so here this

Package Explorer

FirstProject

Src

Lesson 1(right click on this package)-class

MyClass.java

JRE System Library

Class-New Java Class

Java Class

Create a new java class

Source Folder: FirstProject/src

Package :lesson 1

Name: Student

Click ok

Now we have 2 classes in the lesson1 package

Myclass.java and student.java

Package Explorer

FirstProject

Src
Lesson 1(right click on this package)-class

MyClass.java

Student.java

JRE System Library

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public Class Student{

This class can heve member variables and methods,so what can be the traits of a student,a
student can have the id,student can have the variable function name and student can have the variable
function age

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public Class Student{

Int id;

String name;

Int age;

So we have created a class and it can have member variables functions,we also have member
methods which we will also see in this,so we will move it to the basic student class,it has id,name and
age,we can call this class,public class student,from student.java to main method in myclass.java

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

Lets create an instance of or object or the class,just as we give name to the variable in
student.java we give the name to the variable function student

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

Student mark=new student;//mark->object or instance

So this new student we have created an instance of the class Student,we name the student class
as mark,marke is called the object or instance,and this object we can use to assign values to the member
variables,for example,so mark id is whenever you call this instance mark

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

Student mark=new student;//mark->object or instance

Mark.id=1;

Mark.name=”Mark”;

Mark.age=20;

}
}

So what we have done is we have taken the instance of the class student as mark,and with this insyance
mark we have assigned a few values functions in called id,name,age,we can access these values from
this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

Student mark=new student;//mark->object or instance

Mark.id=1;

Mark.name=”Mark”;

Mark.age=20;

System.out.println(mark.name+ “ is” + mark.age + “years old”);

Output

Mark is 20 years old

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

 Student mark=new student;//mark->object or instance

Mark.id=1;

Mark.name=”Mark”;

Mark.age=20;

Student mark=new student;//micheal->object or instance

Micheal.id=1;

Micheal.name=”Micheal”;

Micheal.age=22;

System.out.println(mark.name+ “ is” + mark.age + “years old”);

System.out.println(micheal.name+ “ is” + micheal.age + “years old”);

Output:

Mark is 20 years old

Micheal is 22 years old

The member values that are independent of this instance,we have object values or object member
values which are independent of this instance that is micheal’s id,micheals name and micheals age is
independent of mark’s id,marks’s name and mark’s age,in java programming the direct use of variables
functions are not ok this because any other person or whoever is using your code can modify these
values this,so we use a few functions or methods that can get the values functions and you can set these
values function then what is getting and setting the values functions is that,so what we do by getting and
setting the values functions is that,we can go to student.java and then in this go to this

Source –generate getters and setters

Student.java

Package lesson 1;
public class student{

Int id;

String name;

Int age;

So click on this variable function int id;select id then source-generate getters and setters

Generate Getters and Setters

Select getters and setters to create

age

Id

getid()

setidint()

name

select these and then click ok enter

age

id

name

we want to set getters and setters for these variables functions because we don’t want to access these
values directly

Student.java

package lesson 1;

public class student{

int id;

public int getid;

 return id;

public void set id;

this .id;

Public string getname(){

return name;

Public void setName(String name){

this.name=name;

public int getAge(){

return age;

public void set Age(int age){

this .age=age;

String name;

Int age;

So whenever we need to assign a value to the method set id; we use set method and whenever we need
to get the value to the method we use get value,so we don’t want to give access to another user for
this,now we need to assign a value to this mark instance this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[ ] args){

Student mark=new student;//mark->object or instance

Mark.setId(1);

Mark.setName(“Mark”);

Mark.setAge(20);

Student mark=new student;//micheal->object or instance

Micheal.setid(3)

Micheal.setName(”Micheal”);

Micheal.setAge(22);

System.out.println(mark.getName+ “ is” + mark.getAge + “years old”);

System.out.println(micheal.getName+ “ is” + micheal.getAge + “years old”);

Output

Mark is 20 years old

Micheal is 22 years old

Day 18:Class Constructor in Java

In the previous chapter we have seen how we can declare a class,and how we can declare the instance
of a class,and in this chapter we will see class constructor and what is a class constructor,we will be
seeing what is a class constructor

Create-file-new class

New java class

Java class

Create a new java class

Source folder:Firstproject/src

Package lesson 1

Name-cube

-ok enter

cube.java

package lesson 1;

public class cube{

int length;

int breadth;

int height;

public int getCubeVolume(){

return(length*breadth*height);

We have declared the class so we will initialize an instance of this class in MyClass.java

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[]args){

Cube cube 1=new=new Cube();

}
This new Cube(); is the constructor of the cube class

The property of a constructor is even if you don’t define a constructor,java will create a default
constructors for the class,we can create a constructor for us,the constructor name is this,the constructor
name is exactly the same as class name,so for defining a constructor we can write this

cube.java

package lesson 1;

public class Cube{ /*constructor has the same name as the class and does not return any value

fucntion*/

int length;

int breadth;

int height;

public int getCubeVolume(){

return(length*breadth*height);

Cube(){

System.out.println(“we are in a constructor”);

We are not providing values function here in cube() but we can provide parameters in this,the
properties of constructor is it has the same name as class,and in myclass we have defined as the
instance of the new class

We see the output

Output

We are in a constructor

So whenever we create an instance of the class,so the first method that is initialized is a constructor,so
constructor is generally used initialized
cube.java

package lesson 1;

public class Cube{ /*constructor has the same name as the class and does not return any value

fucntion*/

int length;

int breadth;

int height;

public int getCubeVolume(){

return(length*breadth*height);

Cube(){

Length=10;

Breadth=10;

Height=20;

So if the user does not initialize the length,breadth and height java will initialize this

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[]args){

Cube cube 1=new=new Cube();

}
We will use the instance of the cube class

System.out.println(cube1.getcubeVolume());

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[]args){

Cube cube 1=new=new Cube();

System.out.println(cube1.getcubeVolume());

We can provide another constructor called constructor overloading function,we have 1 constructor
cube() with length,breadth and height as 10,10,20,and we can provide another constructor

cube.java

package lesson 1;

public class Cube{ /*constructor has the same name as the class and does not return any value

function*/

int length;

int breadth;

int height;

public int getCubeVolume(){

return(length*breadth*height);

Cube(){

Length=10;
 Breadth=10;

Height=20;

Cube( int l,int b,int h){

Length=l;

Breadth=b;

Height=h;

This is constructor overloading function,we can define different constructor which does not take an
argument,and which takes an argument and we declare the l,b and height in the variables functions,the
previous is the default constructor which contains the values functions,and the constructor for which
you want to pass the values functions you can use the another constructor,so what we can do is we can
define another instance of the cube class in MyClass.java

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(String[]args){

Cube cube 1=new=new Cube();

System.out.println(cube1.getcubeVolume());

Cube cube 3=new=new Cube(20,20,20);

System.out.println(cube3.getcubeVolume());

}
And we can call the cube.getcubevolume method,we pass the l,b,h as 20,20,20 in myclass.java so java
will understand that this is for this constructor in cube.java the another constructor,you can click on this

Cube cube 1=new=new Cube();

Click on Cube(); and it will bring you to this default constructor in cube.java

Output

6000

8000

So we can define multiple constructor with different argument

So constructor is the member method which has the same name as the class,constructor does not
return a value function,constructors can not take a parameter and can take a parameter,we can define
multiple constructor and use them with class,we have defined a constructor with cube1 and constructor
with 3 parameters,this way you can use constructor in java

Day 20:Method Overloading in Java

In the previous chapter we have seen how to use a method,so method overloading is the same thing as
defining method ,you can define method,you can define different method with the same name,that will
do different logic,suppose I want to add,we will declare a method for this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

Public static void main(string[] args){

Public static int Add(int a,int b ){

Return(a+b );

So we pass int a and int b as parameters,we return the sum of a and b,here we are not declaring the
sum before but we may need to add double,decimal or string values functions,we can use(a+b) as a
concatenation operator function,so in java we can define two different method with the same name,but
different parameters and different arguments

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[] args){

public static int Add(int a,int b ){

return(a+b );

public static double Add(double a,double b ){

return(a+b );

public static string Add(string a,string b ){

return(a+b );

This is called method overloading,we define different methods with the same name,to perform a
different logic but they have the same name,to perform the same task,but the data type you need to
pass or parameters you need to pass is different,and whenever you will call this method,and whwnever
you need to add two values functions you can say

public static void main(string[] args){

system.out.println(Add(1,36));

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;
public class MyClass{

public static void main(string[] args){

system.out.println(Add(1,98));

system.out.println(Add(5.045,36.898));

system.out.println(Add(“Hello”, “World”));

public static int Add(int a,int b ){

return(a+b );

public static double Add(double a,double b ){

return(a+b );

public static string Add(string a,string b ){

return(a+b );

So by default java knows that whenever you pass two integers(1,36) then you are calling this method

public static int Add(int a,int b ){

return(a+b );

So the program knows which function you are calling for decimal values argument(5.045,36.898)we are
calling double function and for string values arguments(“Hello” ,”World”),we are calling the string
function

Output

99
40.35678

Hello World

So in the first case this Add(1,98) is calling this int function and similarly the add for double is calling the
double function and the add for string is calling the string function,so in method overloading we define
different methods with the same name,to perform different operations this,but logically they will be
doing same kind of work,so this is method overloading in java

Day 22:Static Keyword in Java

In this chapter we will see what is a static keyword in java,so what does a static keyword do in a class,we
have seen the use of static keyword with member method or member function of a class,so what is the
meaning of static keyword,the meaning of static keyword is this,so whenever you declare a member as
static,a static member belongs to a class,instead of a specific instance of a class

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

So we will see an example,so we have a class called hello

Hello.java

package lesson 1;

public class Hello{

public static string Doathing(String message)

return message;

public String DoathingElse(String message){

return message;

It contains two methods 1 is a static method and 1 is a non static method,in the first method we have
added static,so it is taking string as an argument and it is returning,and it is returning whatever we pass
and the same method,the other method has function DoathingElse,and this method does not have the
static keyword,so whenever we declare an instance of a class for example,this the static member is
shared by this,whenever we create an instance of a class we can create many instances of a class,so
static member is shared by every instance this program

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

Hello hello=new hello();

Hello hello1=new hello();

Hello hello3=new hello();

The static member method is shared by every instance,and the static members only belong to class and
not.it will not belong to the instance of the class but it will only belong to the class itself,so if you do a
thing like this

Hello.Doathing(message)
 }

Class.java

package lesson 1;

public class Hello{

public static string Doathing(String message)

return message;

public String DoathingElse(String message){

return message;

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

Hello hello=new hello();

Hello.Doathing(“Hi Youtube”);

Hello hello1=new hello();

Hello hello3=new hello();

If we print a message in this hello.doathing(“Hi Youtube”) it will work

It will give some error,the static type hello,Doathing should not be accessed in static way,so you can
access this method but it is a wrong way of accessing this,so for accessing this static method whatever
you have defined as static,you can access this method directly

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

Hello hello=new hello();

Hello.Doathing(“Hi Youtube”);

So when you declare this method the staic method will be gone,but a non static method

So this method public String DoathingElse(String message){ in class.java

Cannot be accessed directly from a class,but when you add static to the method name or variable
function name,then doathing is accessed from the class and doathing else is not a static method cannot
be accessed directly by class

public class Hello{

public static string Doathing(String message)

return message;

But not static method is available and cann be accessed from the instance of the class

MyClass.java
Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

Hello hello=new hello();

Hello.Doathing(“Hi Youtube”);/*class itself-access non-static method*/

Hello.DoathingElse(“hello world”)/*instance of a class-access static method*/

static method should be accessed using the class itself,this is the correct way of using static method,you
can declare a variable function as static

Class.java

package lesson 1;

public class Hello{

public static age;

public static string Doathing(String message)

return message;

public String DoathingElse(String message){

return message;

And then whenever you want to access this age from Myclass.java,it is showing error that static age
should be accessed statically,we take another instance of this class hello and we take this

MyClass.java
Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

Hello hello=new hello();

Hello.Doathing(“Hi Youtube”);/*class itself-access non-static method*/

Hello.DoathingElse(“hello world”)/*instance of a class-access static method*/

Hello hello1=new Hello();

hello1.age=50;

system.out.println(hello1.age);

We assign a different value this hello1.age and we will print the age again this

MyClass.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class MyClass{

// What does a ‘static’ keyword do in a class?

Public static void main(string[] args){

//static members belong to a class instead of a specific instance

Hello hello=new hello();

/***Hello.Doathing(“Hi Youtube”);/*class itself-access non-static method*/

/***Hello.DoathingElse(“hello world”)/*instance of a class-access static method*/

Hello hello1=new Hello();

 hello1.age=50;

system.out.println(hello1.age);

Here the instance hello1 is thebmember of the class Hello,so we declare the instance as the class itself
hello1.age,so whenever we want to declare a variable or method static,we can just access it using the
class,and whenever we are using non static method or variable function we can access it as shown
above this

Day 22:Static Keyword Example in Java

In the previous chapter we have seen how to use static keyword in java class,we will give more example
so the meaning of static will be more understood properly,suppose we have a class and in this class we
have 3 member variables functions,1 is the name of the student and 1 is the age of the student,we have
the getter and setter functions of this

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class Student{

String name;

Int age;

Public String getName(){

return name;

Public void setName(String name){

this.name=name;

Public int getAge(){

return age;

Public void setAge(int Age){

this.age=age;

We can make this getters and setters,in source-we go to this-generate getters and setters,and then
select all then the getters and setters will be generated,we can start with this program and generate
getters and setters

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class Student{

String name;

Int age;

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class Student{

String name;

Int age;

Public String getName(){

return name;

Public void setName(String name){

this.name=name;

Public int getAge(){

return age;

Public void setAge(int Age){

this.age=age;
}

So we will declare a static member variable function which will be int

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class Student{

String name;

Int age;

static int NoofStudents=0;

Student(){

NoOfStudents

Public String getName(){

return name;

Public void setName(String name){

this.name=name;

Public int getAge(){

return age;

Public void setAge(int Age){

this.age=age;

We want to keep record of the number of students so we declare it as static,it can be shared by all the
instances,now we define a constructor whose name is the name of the class student,so here whatever
constructor is called we want to increase the number of constructor by 1,so whenever
static int NoofStudents=0;

Student(){

NoOfStudents++;

Wew access this value this,we will take the function to get the no of values of student

static int NoofStudents=0;

Student(){

NoOfStudents++;

Public static int getNumberOfStudents(){

return NoOfStudents;

We declare the function as static so it can be shared by number of instances

Student.java

Package lesson 1;

Public class Student{

String name;

Int age;

static int NoofStudents=0;

Student(){

NoOfStudents++;

Public static int getNumberOfStudents(){

return NoOfStudents;

}
}

Public String getName(){

return name;

Public void setName(String name){

this.name=name;

Public int getAge(){

return age;

Public void setAge(int Age){

this.age=age;

So now we will go to the student class and define a few instances of the student class from Student.java
so we go to this MyClass.java

MyClass.java

package lesson 1;

public class MyClass{

//what does the ‘static’ keyword do in a class?