Mathematics: analysis and approaches

Higher level
Paper 1

Monday 31 October 2022 (afternoon)

Candidate session number

2 hours

Instructions to candidates
y Write your session number in the boxes above.
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y You are not permitted access to any calculator for this paper.
y Section A: answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
y Section B: answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Fill in your session number on
the front of the answer booklet, and attach it to this examination paper and your cover
sheet using the tag provided.
y Unless otherwise stated in the question, all numerical answers should be given exactly or
correct to three significant figures.
y A clean copy of the mathematics: analysis and approaches formula booklet is required for
this paper.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [110 marks].

8822 – 7101
12 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2022

12EP01
 –2– 8822 – 7101

Full marks are not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be
supported by working and/or explanations. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given
for a correct method, provided this is shown by written working. You are therefore advised to show all
working.

Section A

Answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided. Working may be
continued below the lines, if necessary.

1. [Maximum mark: 4]
2+1
The function g is defined by g (x) = ex , where x ∈  .

Find g ′(-1) .

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

12EP02
 –3– 8822 – 7101

2. [Maximum mark: 7]

Consider a circle with a diameter AB , where A has coordinates (1 , 4 , 0) and B has

coordinates (-3 , 2 , -4) .

(a) Find

(i) the coordinates of the centre of the circle;

(ii) the radius of the circle. [4]

The circle forms the base of a right cone whose vertex V has coordinates (-1 , -1 , 0) .

diagram not to scale

A B

(b) Find the exact volume of the cone. [3]

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

Turn over
12EP03
 –4– 8822 – 7101

3. [Maximum mark: 5]

Let a be a constant, where a > 1 .

2 2
2⎛ a2 −1 ⎞ ⎛ a2 + 1 ⎞
(a) Show that a + ⎜ ⎟ =⎜ ⎟ . [3]
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
⎛ a2 −1 ⎞ ⎛ a2 + 1 ⎞
Consider a right-angled triangle with sides of length a , ⎜ ⎟ and ⎜ ⎟.
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
(b) Find an expression for the area of the triangle in terms of a . [2]

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

12EP04
 –5– 8822 – 7101

4. [Maximum mark: 5]

6x
( x) =
The derivative of the function f is given by ff ′′(x) 2
.
x +1
The graph of y = f (x) passes through the point (1 , 5) . Find an expression for f (x) .

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

Turn over
12EP05
 –6– 8822 – 7101

5. [Maximum mark: 7]

Consider the equation z4 + pz3 + 54z2 - 108z + 80 = 0 where z ∈  and p ∈  .

Three of the roots of the equation are 3 + i , a and a2 , where a ∈  .

(a) By considering the product of all the roots of the equation, find the value of a . [4]

(b) Find the value of p . [3]

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

12EP06
 –7– 8822 – 7101

6. [Maximum mark: 6]

Events A and B are such that P (A) = 0.3 and P (B) = 0.8 .

(a) Determine the value of P ( A ∩ B ) in the case where the events A and B are independent. [1]

(b) Determine the minimum possible value of P ( A ∩ B ) . [3]

(c) Determine the maximum possible value of P ( A ∩ B ) , justifying your answer. [2]

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

Turn over
12EP07
 –8– 8822 – 7101

7. [Maximum mark: 7]

Consider the curve with equation (x2 + y2) y2 = 4x2 where x ≥ 0 and -2 < y < 2 .

Show that the curve has no local maximum or local minimum points for x > 0 .

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

12EP08
 –9– 8822 – 7101

8. [Maximum mark: 5]

Let f (x) = cos (x - k) , where 0 ≤ x ≤ a and a , k ∈ + .

π
(a) Consider the case where k = .
2
By sketching a suitable graph, or otherwise, find the largest value of a for which the
inverse function f -1 exists. [2]

(b) Find the largest value of a for which the inverse function f -1 exists in the case
where k = π . [1]

(c) Find the largest value of a for which the inverse function f -1 exists in the case
where π < k < 2π . Give your answer in terms of k . [2]

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

Turn over
12EP09
 – 10 – 8822 – 7101

9. [Maximum mark: 10]

dy y 2 − 2 x 2
Consider the homogeneous differential equation = , where x , y ≠ 0 .
dx xy
It is given that y = 2 when x = 1 .

(a) By using the substitution y = vx , solve the differential equation. Give your answer in the
form y2 = f (x) . [8]

The points of zero gradient on the curve y2 = f (x) lie on two straight lines of the form y = mx
where m ∈  .

(b) Find the values of m . [2]

..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

12EP10
 – 11 – 8822 – 7101

Do not write solutions on this page.

Section B

Answer all questions in the answer booklet provided. Please start each question on a new page.

10. [Maximum mark: 20]

The function f is defined by f (x) = cos2x - 3 sin2x , 0 ≤ x ≤ π .

(a) Find the roots of the equation f (x) = 0 . [5]

(b) (i) Find f ′(x) .

(ii) Hence find the coordinates of the points on the graph of y = f (x) where f ′(x) = 0 . [7]

(c) Sketch the graph of y = | f (x) | , clearly showing the coordinates of any points
where f ′(x) = 0 and any points where the graph meets the coordinate axes. [4]

(d) Hence or otherwise, solve the inequality | f (x) | > 1 . [4]

11. [Maximum mark: 16]

Consider a three-digit code abc , where each of a , b and c is assigned one of

the values 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 or 5 .

(a) Find the total number of possible codes

(i) assuming that each value can be repeated (for example, 121 or 444);

(ii) assuming that no value is repeated. [4]

Let P (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c , where each of a , b and c is assigned one of

the values 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 or 5 . Assume that no value is repeated.

Consider the case where P (x) has a factor of (x2 + 3x + 2) .

(b) (i) Find an expression for b in terms of a .

(ii) Hence show that the only way to assign the values is a = 4 , b = 5 and c = 2 .

(iii) Express P (x) as a product of linear factors.

(iv) Hence or otherwise, sketch the graph of y = P (x) , clearly showing the
coordinates of any intercepts with the axes. [12]

Turn over
12EP11
 – 12 – 8822 – 7101

Do not write solutions on this page.

12. [Maximum mark: 18]

Let zn be the complex number defined as zn = (n2 + n + 1) + i for n ∈  .

(a) (i) Find arg (z0) .

(ii) Write down an expression for arg (zn) in terms of n . [3]

Let wn = z0 z1 z2 z3 ... zn-1 zn for n ∈  .

⎛ a+b ⎞
(b) (i) Show that arctan ( a ) + arctan ( b ) = arctan ⎜ +
⎟ for a , b ∈  , ab < 1 .
⎝ 1 − ab ⎠
(ii) Hence or otherwise, show that arg (w1) = arctan (2) . [5]

(c) Prove by mathematical induction that arg (wn) = arctan (n + 1) for n ∈  . [10]

References:
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2022

12EP12