CSE 06131223  CSE 06131224

Structured Programming
Lecture 12
Array in C (2)

Prepared by________________________________
Md. Mijanur Rahman, Prof. Dr.
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh
www.mijanrahman.com
 Contents
A R R AY I N C

• C Array
• Properties of Array
• Advantage and disadvantage of C Array
• Declaration and Initialization of Array
• C Array Example
• Two Dimensional Array in C
• Character Arrays and Strings

Array in C 2
 C Program using array:
Sorting an array of N numbers.

Array in C 3
 C Program using array:

Inserting a new element into an array.

Array in C 4
 C Program using array:

Deleting an element from an array.

Array in C 5
 Two Dimensional (2D) Array in C
• The two-dimensional array can be defined as an array of arrays.
• The 2D array is organized as matrices which can be represented as the collection of
rows and columns.
• However, 2D arrays are created to implement a relational database look alike data
structure. It provides ease of holding the bulk of data at once which can be passed to
any number of functions wherever required.

Array in C 6
 Two Dimensional (2D) Array in C
• Two-dimensional arrays are stored in memory, as
shown in the following figure.
• As with the single-dimensional arrays, each dimension
of the array is indexed from zero to its maximum size
minus one.
• The first index selects the row and the second index
selects the column within that row.

Array in C 7
 Declaration of 2D Array in C
• The syntax to declare the 2D array is given below:
data-type arrayName[rows][columns];

• Consider the following example.

Here, 4 is the number of rows, and 3 is the number of columns, and arr is the name of the
array variable of integer type.

Array in C 8
 Initialization of 2D Array in C
• In the 1D array, we don't need to specify the size of the array if the declaration and initialization
are being done simultaneously.
• However, this will not work with 2D arrays.
• We will have to define at least the second dimension of the array. The two-dimensional array
can be declared and defined in the following way:
int arr[4][3]={{1,2,3},{2,3,4},{3,4,5},{4,5,6}};
int table[2][3] = {
{0,0,0},
{1,1,1}
};

Array in C 9
 C Program using 2D array:

Traversing/accessing elements of 2D
array.

Array in C 10
 C Program using 2D array:

Printing elements of a matrix, receiving from input.

Array in C 11
 C Program using 2D array:

Adding two given matrices.

Array in C 12
 C Program using 2D array:

Multiplication of two given matrices.

Array in C 13
 Character Arrays and Strings
• For example, the following array (or string of characters):
char name [20];
• Initialization of strings:
• Because strings of characters are ordinary arrays they fulfill all their same rules. For example, if we
want to initialize a string of characters with predetermined values we can do it just like any other
array:
char mystring[] = { 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0’ };
• Therefore we could initialize the string mystring with values by either of these two ways:
char mystring [] = { 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0' };
char mystring [] = "Hello";
Array in C 14
 Character Arrays and Strings
• Assigning values to strings:
• Since the lvalue of an assignation can only be an element of an array and not the entire
array, it would be valid to assign a string of characters to an array of char using a method
like this:
char mystring[10];
mystring[0] = 'H';
mystring[1] = 'e';
mystring[2] = 'l';
mystring[3] = 'l';
mystring[4] = 'o';
mystring[5] = '\0';

Array in C 15
 Character Arrays and Strings
• Reading and printing strings:
• The input function scanf() can be used with %s format to read in a string of characters:
For example:
• char address[10];
• scanf(“%s”, address);
• The output function printf() can be used with %s format to print the string to the
terminal. For example:
• printf(“The given address is %s”, address);

Array in C 16
C Program using Character Arrays and Strings:

Reading and printing of multiple strings.

Array in C 17
C Program using Character Arrays and Strings:

Copying one string into another string.

Array in C 18
C Program using Character Arrays and Strings:

Reverse a string.

Array in C 19
?
Array in C
THE END
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