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Topic Shell Programming & Scripting

The document provides an overview of shell programming and scripting, including commonly used commands, control structures like loops and conditionals, and examples of simple scripts for tasks such as even/odd checks, countdown timers, and basic calculators. It covers function declarations, file operations, and user input handling. Additionally, it includes practical coding examples demonstrating mathematical operations and common programming patterns.

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sakshithakre162
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9 views

Topic Shell Programming & Scripting

The document provides an overview of shell programming and scripting, including commonly used commands, control structures like loops and conditionals, and examples of simple scripts for tasks such as even/odd checks, countdown timers, and basic calculators. It covers function declarations, file operations, and user input handling. Additionally, it includes practical coding examples demonstrating mathematical operations and common programming patterns.

Uploaded by

sakshithakre162
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Shell Programming

&
Shell Scripting

Commonly used shell commands in programming:

Shebang to specify shell

#!/bin/bash

Display output

echo "Hello, World!"

Read user input

read -p "Enter your name: " name

echo "Hello, $name!"

Conditional statements

if [ $name == "Satyam" ]; then

echo "Welcome, Satyam!"

fi

For loop

for i in {1..5}; do

echo "Number: $i"

done
While loop

count=5

while [ $count -gt 0 ]; do

echo "Countdown: $count"

count=$((count - 1))

done

Mathematical operations

num1=10

num2=5

sum=$((num1 + num2))

echo "Sum: $sum"

Command substitution

current_date=$(date)

echo "Today is: $current_date"

Function declaration

greet() {

echo "Hello, $1!"

greet "Satyam"

Redirecting output to a file

echo "This is a sample text." > output.txt


Appending output to a file

echo "Another line." >> output.txt

File existence check

if [ -f "output.txt" ]; then

echo "File exists."

fi

Execute another script

./another_script.sh

Permission change

chmod +x script.sh
Coding Part
Conditional Statement: Even or Odd Check

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

read -p "Enter a number: " num

if ((num % 2 == 0)); then

echo "$num is even."

else

echo "$num is odd."

Fi

How it Works:

• The if statement checks if the number is divisible by 2.

• The % operator is used for modulo.


Looping Statement: Print Numbers from 1 to 5

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

echo "Printing numbers from 1 to 5:"

for ((i=1; i<=5; i++)); do

echo "Number: $i"

done

How it Works:

• The for loop iterates from 1 to 5 using arithmetic expression syntax (( )).
Conditional + Looping: Print Multiplication Table

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

read -p "Enter a number for the multiplication table: " num

for ((i=1; i<=10; i++)); do

result=$((num * i))

echo "$num x $i = $result"

done

4. While Loop: Countdown Timer

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

count=5

while ((count > 0)); do

echo "Countdown: $count"

count=$((count - 1))

sleep 1 # Pause for 1 second

done

echo "Blast off!"


5. Menu-Driven Program (Conditional and Looping)

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

while true; do

echo "Choose an option:"

echo "1. Show date"

echo "2. List files"

echo "3. Display current user"

echo "4. Exit"

read -p "Enter your choice: " choice

case $choice in

1) date ;;

2) ls ;;

3) whoami ;;

4) echo "Exiting..."; break ;;

*) echo "Invalid choice, try again." ;;

esac

done

How it Works:

• The while loop keeps displaying the menu until the user selects 4.

• The case statement handles different user choices.

Let me know if you'd like more variations or explanations!

4o

You said:
maths realted question

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Here are a few basic shell scripts to perform mathematical operations and solve simple math-related
tasks:

1. Simple Calculator (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division)

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

echo "Simple Calculator"

read -p "Enter first number: " num1

read -p "Enter second number: " num2

echo "Choose an operation:"

echo "1. Addition"

echo "2. Subtraction"

echo "3. Multiplication"

echo "4. Division"

read -p "Enter your choice: " choice

case $choice in

1) result=$((num1 + num2))

echo "Result: $num1 + $num2 = $result" ;;

2) result=$((num1 - num2))

echo "Result: $num1 - $num2 = $result" ;;

3) result=$((num1 * num2))

echo "Result: $num1 * $num2 = $result" ;;


4) if ((num2 == 0)); then

echo "Division by zero is not allowed."

else

result=$((num1 / num2))

echo "Result: $num1 / $num2 = $result"

fi ;;

*) echo "Invalid choice." ;;

esac

2. Factorial of a Number

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

read -p "Enter a number to calculate its factorial: " num

factorial=1

for ((i=1; i<=num; i++)); do

factorial=$((factorial * i))

done

echo "Factorial of $num is $factorial"

3. Check if a Number is Prime

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

read -p "Enter a number to check if it's prime: " num


is_prime=1

if ((num <= 1)); then

is_prime=0

else

for ((i=2; i*i<=num; i++)); do

if ((num % i == 0)); then

is_prime=0

break

fi

done

fi

if ((is_prime == 1)); then

echo "$num is a prime number."

else

echo "$num is not a prime number."

fi

4. Sum of Digits

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

read -p "Enter a number: " num

sum=0

while ((num > 0)); do

digit=$((num % 10))
sum=$((sum + digit))

num=$((num / 10))

done

echo "Sum of digits is $sum"

5. Fibonacci Sequence

bash

CopyEdit

#!/bin/bash

read -p "Enter the number of terms for Fibonacci series: " n

a=0

b=1

echo "Fibonacci Series:"

for ((i=0; i<n; i++)); do

echo -n "$a "

fn=$((a + b))

a=$b

b=$fn

done

echo

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