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Antenna Exp2

The document outlines the design and analysis of circular loop antennas, specifically focusing on small and large loop antennas operating at a frequency of 500 MHz. It discusses the theoretical principles, including impedance characteristics and magnetic dipole behavior, along with various plots for gain, electric, and magnetic fields. The document concludes with a comparison of the performance characteristics of small and large loop antennas.

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amoghakantak
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6 views7 pages

Antenna Exp2

The document outlines the design and analysis of circular loop antennas, specifically focusing on small and large loop antennas operating at a frequency of 500 MHz. It discusses the theoretical principles, including impedance characteristics and magnetic dipole behavior, along with various plots for gain, electric, and magnetic fields. The document concludes with a comparison of the performance characteristics of small and large loop antennas.

Uploaded by

amoghakantak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

Exp No: 4 4. CIRCULAR LOOP Date: 10/02/2025


ANTENNA

Aim/Objective: Designing of Circular loop antenna for the


given frequency
Given Data: Frequency = 500 MHz
Theory: A small loop circular antenna is a type of antenna
where the circumference of the loop is much smaller than the
operating wavelength (typically less than λ/10). This antenna
primarily responds to the magnetic field component of an
incident electromagnetic wave, making it a magnetic dipole.
The dimensions of the ferrite core are assumed to be small
compared to the wavelength λ in ferrite to avoid internal
resonances. The open-circuit voltage of a single-turn loop at the
center of a ferrite rod (with core radius 𝑏 and length 𝑙𝑟) is
increased by a factor 𝜇rod, expressed as Voc= jωμrodABz where
A is the loop area and Bz is the magnetic field component along
the loop axis.
The theoretical model for the circular-loop antenna typically
assumes a point-source generator of voltage V at ϕ=0 with input
impedance Z= R + jX = V/I(ϕ=0). For half-loop antennas,
detailed Fourier series-based analyses accurately predict
impedance variations with changes in coaxial line
characteristics. Impedance for full loops is shown as a function
of electrical size βb=2πb/λ with resonant points at βb=1,2,3,…
(zero reactance) and antiresonant points at
βb=0.5,1.5,2.5,…(zero resistance).

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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

4.1 Small Loop Antenna


Objective: Designing a Circular Antenna
Given Data: Port Impedance (Zs) = 37 Ω
Operating Frequency (fr) = 500 MHz
Design:

S Parameter Plot:

Z Parameter Plot:

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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

2 D Gain Plot (Phi = 0 Degree):

2 D Gain Plot (Theta = 0 Degree & 90 Degree):

Electric Field Plot:

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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

Magnetic Field Plot:

3 D Gain Plot:

4.2 Large Loop Antenna


Objective: Designing a Circular Antenna
Given Data: Port Impedance (Zs) = 100 Ω
Operating Frequency (fr) = 500 MHz
Design:

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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

S Parameter Plot:

Z Parameter Plot:

2 D Gain Plot (Phi = 0 Degree):

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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

2 D Gain Plot (Theta = 0 Degree & 90 Degree):

Electric Field Plot:

Magnetic Field Plot:

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ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN LABORATORY

3 D Gain Plot:

Discussions:
1. For a small circular loop antenna, it is considered that the
current is uniform across the wire.
2. The small loop antenna acts as a magnetic dipole where the
electric field is tangential to the plane of the antenna and the
magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the antenna.
3. The large loop antenna does not consider uniform current across
the wire.
4. Due to the large size of the loop the antenna gain is not similar
to that of the small loop antenna but rather is directed more
outwards but is less near the center of the circular loop.

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