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Unit 6 - Trip Assignment - Part 4

The document outlines concepts related to transportation planning, focusing on deterministic user-equilibrium and system-equilibrium assignments. It describes the principles of travel time optimization for individual users versus the overall system, including methods for trip assignment and highway assignment tutorials. Additionally, it includes practical examples and calculations related to travel times and traffic volumes on highway networks.

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Sirius Foe
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36 views7 pages

Unit 6 - Trip Assignment - Part 4

The document outlines concepts related to transportation planning, focusing on deterministic user-equilibrium and system-equilibrium assignments. It describes the principles of travel time optimization for individual users versus the overall system, including methods for trip assignment and highway assignment tutorials. Additionally, it includes practical examples and calculations related to travel times and traffic volumes on highway networks.

Uploaded by

Sirius Foe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NEVER BE SHY OR AFRAID TO ASK QUESTIONS

Transportation Planning – Analytical Methods (VVICIB3)


Lecturer: Jerry Moselakgomo Pr.Eng Location: B1 Lab 223
Email: [email protected]
Second Semester 2023: Unit 6 -19/09/2023
Deterministic user- equilibrium assignment

an equilibrium assignment in which travellers can no longer improve their travel


time by unilaterally changing routes.
Assumes rational choice-making based on measured average travel time
Deterministic equilibrium assignment
Goal: Distribute the trips between two zones over several routes, connecting
those zones, based on the shortest route and level of service attributes of links
depending on link flows.

Take congestion into account.

Spreads 𝑻𝒊𝒋 to multiple available routes

General model for link travel time

𝑡𝑎 = 𝑡0 + 𝑓 𝑉𝑎

𝑎 𝑉
e.g 𝑡1 = 𝑡0 + 2(500)

Where 𝑡0 = free-flow travel time example time at volume


𝑡𝑎 = travel time at volume 𝑉𝑎

3
There are two types: based on John Glen Wardrop’s Principles
(Mathematician/Transport Analyst/Economics)

1. Deterministic User-equilibrium 2. Deterministic system-equilibrium or system optimum

Principle: The average travel time for an individual user Principle: The average time for all users is minimised. At
is minimised. At equilibrium, all alternative routes have a system equilibrium, the travel time on alternative links
the same average travel time. might differ.
At user-equilibrium, 𝑡1 = 𝑡2 = 𝑡3 = 𝑡𝑛 ,
Total Volume = σ𝑛 𝑉𝑛 At system-equilibrium, 𝑡1 may ≠ 𝑡𝑎 ,

Total Volume = σ𝑛 𝑉𝑛
Total Systems Vehicle hours
𝑆 𝑥 = 𝑆 𝑥 = σ𝑛 𝑥𝑛 × 𝑡𝑛
Min 𝑆 𝑥 = σ𝑛 𝑉𝑛 × 𝑡𝑛 , in vehicle-hour
Or
Objective is to minimise 𝑆(𝑥), 𝑆′(𝑥) =0
Total Systems Hours
𝑆 𝑥
σ𝑛 𝑉𝑛

4
Tutorial – Highway Assignment

• Q1: All-or-nothing assignment


• Q2: Deterministic User-equilibrium
• Q3: Determinist System-equilibrium
Tutorial 4 – Trip Assignment
Q1: All-or-Nothing (AON)
Consider the travel times on the highway network
shown in Figure 1. All links are 1 lane per direction,
with a capacity of 1600 PCUs per hour per lane.
4
203
4
𝑇𝑖𝑗𝑃𝐶𝑈 𝑇𝑖𝑗 = 500, for all O-D pairs, 3 Zone 2
Zone 1
4.5 203
200 201
5 2 6
Q1a: Based on the all-or-nothing assignment method, 204
determine the route traffic volumes on all three routes.
- Show all calculations. Zone 3
Q1b:
Identify all links that are over capacity. Figure 1: Travel times on the highway network (minutes)
Use the link notation: “node a – node b – node c”
NB: PCU = passenger car unit.
Show all Calculations.
6
Tutorial 4 – Trip Assignment
Q2: Deterministic Highway Trip Assignment
When a transport model for Area A was developed, the time-based cost-flow functions for different highway
links were developed based on observed data from travel time studies. Consider two route options available
between Origin Zone 1 and Destination Zone 2. Figure 2 shows the free-flow travel times(𝑡0 ) for each
alternative route.
Route 1 (200-203), has 𝑡0 of 2 minutes, adding 500 vehicles per
hour on this route will increase the average travel time by 5
minutes. 2

Route 2 (200-204-203), has 𝑡0 of 5 minutes, the average travel 203


Zone 2
Zone 1 200
time on this link will increase by 2 minutes for every square of
its flow.
5
204
Determine
Figure 1: Free-flow Travel times on the highway network (minutes)

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