Data Science – Python Operators

7. PYTHON – OPERATORS

Table of Contents

1. Operator ............................................................................................................................................. 2
2. Type of operators ............................................................................................................................... 2
1. Arithmetic Operators: (+, -, *, /, %, **, //) ...................................................................................... 3
2. Assignment operator: (=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=, //=) .................................................................... 5
3. Unary minus operator: (-) ............................................................................................................... 6
4. Relational operators (>, >=, <, <=, ==, !=)........................................................................................ 7
5. Logical operators (and, or, not) ...................................................................................................... 9
6. Membership operators(in, not in) ................................................................................................ 11

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7. PYTHON – OPERATORS

1. Operator

✓ An operator is a symbol that performs an operation.

✓ An operator acts on some variables, those variables are called as
operands.
✓ If an operator acts on a single operand, then it is called as unary operator
✓ If an operator acts on 2 operands, then it is called as binary operator.
✓ If an operator acts on 3 operands, then it is called as ternary operator.

Program operator and operands

Name demo1.py

a = 10
b = 20
c=a+b
print(c)

output
30

✓ Here a, b and c are called as operands.

✓ + symbol is called as operator.

2. Type of operators

✓ Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, %, **, //

✓ Assignment Operator =
✓ Unary minus Operator -

✓ Relational Operator >, <, >=, <=, ==, ! =

✓ Logical Operators and, or, not
✓ Membership operators in, not in

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Make a note:

✓ Python does not have increment and decrement operators.

1. Arithmetic Operators: (+, -, *, /, %, **, //)

✓ These operators will do their usual job, so please don’t expect any
surprises.

Assume that,

a = 13
b=5

Operator Meaning Example Result

+ Addition a+b 18

- Subtraction a-b 8

* Multiplication a*b 65

/ Division a/b 2.6

% Modulus a%b 3
(Remainder of
division)

** Exponent a ** b 371293
operator
(exponential
power value)

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// Integer division a // b 2
(gives only integer
quotient)

Make a note

✓ Division operator / always performs floating point arithmetic, so it

returns float values.
✓ Floor division (//) can perform both floating point and integral as well,
o If values are int type, then result is int type.
o If at least one value is float type, then result is float type.

Program Arithmetic Operators

Name demo2.py

a = 13
b=5
print(a+b)
print(a-b)
print(a*b)
print(a/b)
print(a%b)
print(a**b)
print(a//b)

Output
18
8
65
2.6
3
371293
2

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2. Assignment operator: (=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=, //=)

✓ By using these operators, we can assign values to variables.

Assume that,

a = 13

Operator Example Equals to Result

= a = 13 a = 13 13

+= a += 6 a=a+6 19

-= a -= 6 a=a-6 7

Program Assignment operator

Name demo3.py

a = 13
print(a)

a += 5
print(a)

Output
13
18

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3. Unary minus operator: (-)

✓ Symbol of unary minus operator is –

Program Unary minus operator

Name demo4.py

a = 10
print(a)
print(-a)

Output

10
-10

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4. Relational operators (>, >=, <, <=, ==, !=)

✓ By using these operators, we can create simple conditions.

✓ These operators are used to compare two values.
✓ These operators’ returns result as Boolean type either True or False.

Assume that,

a = 13
b=5

Operator Example Result

> a>b True

>= a >= b True

< a<b False

<= a <= b False

== a == b False

!= a != b True

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Program Relational operators

Name demo4.py

a = 13
b=5

print(a > b)
print(a >= b)
print(a < b)
print(a <= b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)

Output

True
True
False
False
False
True

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5. Logical operators (and, or, not)

✓ In python there are three logical operators those are,

o and
o or
o not

✓ Logical operators are useful to create compound conditions.

✓ Compound condition is a combination of more than one simple
condition.
✓ Each simple condition brings the Boolean result finally the total
compound condition evaluates either True or False.

For Boolean types behaviour

✓ and
o If both arguments are True, then only result is True
✓ or
o If at least one argument is True, then result is True
✓ not
o complement

Program Logical operators.

Name demo5.py

a = True
b = False

print(a and a)
print(a or b)
print(not a)

Output
True
True
False

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Program Logical operators

Name demo7.py

a=1
b=2
c=3
print((a>b) and (b>c))
print((a<b) and (b<c))

Output
False
True

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6. Membership operators (in, not in)

✓ There are two membership operators,

o in
o not in

✓ Membership operators are useful to check whether the given value is

available in sequence or not. (It may be string, list, set, tuple and dict)

The in operator

✓ in operator returns True, if element is found in the collection or

sequences.
✓ in operator returns False, if element is not found in the collection or
sequences.

The not in operator

✓ not in operator returns True, if an element is not found in the sequence.

✓ not in operator returns False, if an element is found in the sequence.

Program in, not in operators

Name demo8.py

values = [10, 20, 30]

print(20 in values)
print(22 in values)

output
True
False

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Program in, not in operators

Name demo9.py

text = "Welcome to python programming"

print("Welcome" in text)
print("welcome" in text)
print("nireekshan" in text)
print("Daniel" not in text)

output
True
False
False
True

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