Instruction: shade the letter corresponding to the correct answer e.

g (B)

1. **What is a sequence control structure?**

- A) Executes statements in a random order
- B) Executes statements based on a condition
- C) Executes statements in a specific order
- D) Executes statements repeatedly
2. **Which of the following is an example of a selection control structure?**
- A) For loop
- B) While loop
- C) If-else statement
- D) Do-while loop
3. **What does an iterative control structure allow?**
- A) To execute statements only once
- B) To execute statements in sequence
- C) To repeat a set of statements
- D) To choose between multiple paths
4. **In a flowchart, which shape represents a decision?**
- A) Rectangle
- B) Oval
- C) Diamond
- D) Parallelogram
5. **What is the purpose of dry running an algorithm?**
- A) To execute it on a computer
- B) To test it manually step-by-step
- C) To optimize performance
- D) To compile the code
5. **Which logic gate outputs true only if both inputs are true?**
- A) OR gate
- B) AND gate
- C) NOT gate
- D) NOR gate
6. **What does a truth table represent?**
- A) The execution time of an algorithm
- B) All possible input combinations and their outputs
- C) The number of iterations in a loop
- D) The steps in an algorithm
7. **Which of the following is NOT a basic logic gate?**
- A) AND
 - B) OR
- C) NAND
- D) SUM
8. **What is the output of a NOT gate if the input is 0?**
- A) 0
- B) 1
- C) Undefined
- D) 2
9. **Which logic gate is represented by the symbol +?**
- A) AND gate
- B) NOT gate
- C) OR gate
- D) NOR gate
10. **What is the result of the expression A AND (B OR C) when A=1, B=0, C=1?**
- A) 0
- B) 1
- C) 2
- D) Undefined
11. **In which situation is an iterative control structure most useful?**
- A) When performing a single calculation
- B) When needing to repeat tasks multiple times
- C) When making a decision
- D) When organizing data
12. **What does a 'switch' statement do?**
- A) Repeats a block of code
- B) Chooses between multiple paths based on a variable
- C) Executes a sequence of tasks
- D) Terminates a loop
13. **How do you convert the octal number 17 to decimal?**
- A) 15
- B) 23
- C) 17
- D) 20
14. **What is the maximum output of an OR gate with two inputs?**
- A) 0
- B) 1
- C) 2
- D) 3
15. **Which of the following is a disadvantage of iterative control structures?**
- A) They save time
- B) They can be hard to debug
- C) They reduce code repetition
- D) They are easy to maintain
16. **What is the primary function of Boolean algebra?**
- A) To perform arithmetic calculations
- B) To analyze logical relationships
- C) To organize data
- D) To create user interfaces
17. **What does the term 'definite iteration' refer to?**
- A) The number of iterations is unknown
- B) The number of iterations is predetermined
- C) It executes indefinitely
- D) It only runs once
18. **Which of the following statements about a 'while' loop is true?**
- A) It runs a fixed number of times
- B) It continues until a condition is met
- C) It does not require a condition
19. **How do you convert from base 16 to base 10?**
- A) Multiply each digit by its base power and sum
- B) Divide by 16 until zero
- C) Subtract each digit from 16
- D) Add all digits together
20. **What is the primary purpose of using flowcharts in programming?**
- A) To write code
- B) To visualize the logic of an algorithm
- C) To store data
- D) To conduct tests
21. **What is the main objective of optimizing computer performance?**
- A) To increase storage capacity
- B) To speed up processing and improve efficiency
- C) To reduce costs
- D) To expand network capabilities
22. **Which of the following is a software method for optimizing computer performance?**
- A) Upgrading RAM
- B) Disk defragmentation
- C) Adding a new graphics card
 - D) Replacing the hard drive
23. **What is the function of antivirus software?**
- A) To improve internet speed
- B) To detect and remove malware
- C) To increase storage space
- D) To back up data
24. **Which of the following tools is used for disk cleanup?**
- A) Disk Defragmenter
- B) Malware Scanner
- C) System Optimizer
- D) Disk Cleanup
25. **What does SSD stand for?**
- A) Solid-State Drive
- B) Standard Storage Device
- C) Secure Storage Disk
- D) Simple Storage Drive
26. **Which method involves adjusting system settings for optimal performance?**
- A) Disk defragmentation
- B) Operating system configurations
- C) Hardware upgrades
- D) Antivirus installation
27. **What is the main advantage of using an SSD over an HDD?**
- A) Larger storage capacity
- B) Cheaper price
- C) Faster data access speeds
- D) More mechanical parts
28. **Which hardware upgrade is most likely to improve graphics performance?**
- A) Adding more RAM
- B) Upgrading the CPU
- C) Installing a new graphics card
- D) Replacing the power supply
29. **What is the purpose of preventive maintenance?**
- A) To repair broken equipment
- B) To anticipate and prevent future problems
- C) To upgrade hardware
- D) To install new software
30. **What type of maintenance focuses on fixing existing problems?**
- A) Preventive
 - B) Corrective
- C) Adaptive
- D) Routine
31. **Which of the following is an example of an input peripheral device?**
- A) Monitor
- B) Keyboard
- C) Printer
- D) Speaker
32. **What does RAM stand for?**
- A) Random Access Memory
- B) Read Access Memory
- C) Rapid Access Memory
- D) Real-time Access Memory
33.**Which unit of storage is equal to 1024 megabytes?**
- A) Kilobyte
- B) Gigabyte
- C) Terabyte
- D) Byte
34. **What is the primary function of a disk defragmenter?**
- A) To remove malware
- B) To organize fragmented data for efficiency
- C) To increase internet speed
- D) To back up files
35. **Which of the following describes the role of a truth table in logic circuits?**
- A) To determine the cost of hardware
- B) To show the relationship between inputs and outputs
- C) To calculate processing speed
- D) To evaluate software performance
36. Which Boolean expression best describes a OR gate?
A. A+ B = A + B
B. A . B = A + B
C. A+ B = A + B
D. A+ B = A + B
37. The place value in a number system represents
A. Numbers beginning from zero
B. Numbers in that number system
C. Powers of the base
D. Powers of two
38. You can protect sensitive data from prying eyes using
 A. File permissions
B. File locks
C. Passwords
D. Encryption
39. A hacker contacts your phone or E-mail and attempts to acquire your password is called
A. Spamming
B. Spoofing
C. Phishing
D. Scamming
40. In the extended ASCII code, how many bits do we need to represent the abbreviation ICT?
A. 3
B. 8
C. 16
D. 24

SECTION B
Instruction: Answer 3 questions
1a Give 4 functions of an operating system (8marks)
1b) state and explain 5 characteristics of a good software (10marks)
1d) what is an operating system(2 marks)
2a) Draw the logic circuit and truth table for the logic function Q=A.C+ DB (8 Marks)
2b) State the following laws of Logic simplifications (6 marks)
● Absorption Law
● Involution Law
● De Morgan’s theorem

2c) explain and 3 rules to write a pseudo code (6marks)

3a) write in increasing order the first twelve (4 bit) binary numbers starting from (0000)
(6marks)
3b) (i) Computer viruses can cause untold damage if allowed to infect a computer system.
(a) State the manifestation of the following viruses in the computer system
• Trojan horse (1 mark)
• Logic bomb (1 mark)
• Boot sector virus (1 mark)
• Worm (1 mark)
(b) Describe two possible methods of preventing a virus from getting onto your computer
system. (4 marks)
3c) (i) Explain briefly the following systems citing an example in each case.
(a) Embedded system. (2 marks)
(b) Simulation. (2 marks)
(c) Control system. (2 marks)
4a) Convert the following numbers to their base equivalent
● 111100112 to base 10 (4marks)
● 5678 to base 16 and base 2 (4marks)

4b) (i) (a) Explain the following concepts in computing.

• Digital divide. (1 mark)
• Telemedicine. (1 mark)
(b) Give TWO reasons that have contributed to the high rate of digital divide in the developing
countries. (2 marks)
(c) Explain TWO ways in which digital divide has affected the development of telemedicine in
Cameroon. (2 marks)
4c) Give two examples of computer crimes. (2 marks)
b. Give two methods of preventing the stated crimes in (a) above. (2 marks)
c. “Data may be stolen but cannot be read”. What aspect of computer security does this
represent? (2 marks)