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Data Analysis Python

This document provides comprehensive notes on data analysis using Python for 3rd year B.Sc. students, covering key concepts, Python libraries, and practical applications. It includes units on data types, NumPy for numerical computation, Pandas for data handling, data cleaning, visualization techniques, and basic statistical analysis. The notes emphasize the importance of data exploration, cleaning, and visualization in the analysis process.

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chiragal864
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12 views3 pages

Data Analysis Python

This document provides comprehensive notes on data analysis using Python for 3rd year B.Sc. students, covering key concepts, Python libraries, and practical applications. It includes units on data types, NumPy for numerical computation, Pandas for data handling, data cleaning, visualization techniques, and basic statistical analysis. The notes emphasize the importance of data exploration, cleaning, and visualization in the analysis process.

Uploaded by

chiragal864
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Analysis using Python - Complete Notes for 3rd Year B.Sc.

Students

Unit 1: Introduction to Data Analysis and Python

- Data Analysis: Collecting, processing, and performing statistical operations on data.

- Importance: Helps in decision-making, pattern recognition, and forecasting.

- Types of Data:

* Qualitative (Nominal, Ordinal)

* Quantitative (Discrete, Continuous)

- Data Analysis Steps: Data Collection, Cleaning, Exploration, Modeling, Interpretation

Python Libraries:

- NumPy: Numerical data operations

- Pandas: Data manipulation and analysis

- Matplotlib and Seaborn: Visualization tools

- Jupyter Notebook: Interactive coding environment

Unit 2: NumPy for Numerical Computation

- Arrays: Homogeneous, efficient storage and computation

- Creating Arrays: np.array(), np.zeros(), np.ones(), np.arange(), np.linspace()

- Indexing & Slicing: Accessing data subsets

- Operations: Arithmetic, broadcasting, aggregation functions

Code Example:

import numpy as np

a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])

print(np.mean(a)) # Output: 2.5


Unit 3: Pandas for Data Handling

- Data Structures: Series (1D), DataFrame (2D)

- Creating Series and DataFrames

- Reading Files: pd.read_csv(), pd.read_excel()

- Selecting Data: .loc[], .iloc[], conditions

- Manipulations: sort_values(), groupby(), merge(), concat()

Code Example:

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv("data.csv")

print(df.describe())

Unit 4: Data Cleaning and Preprocessing

- Missing Values: df.isnull(), df.dropna(), df.fillna()

- Data Types: df.dtypes, df.astype()

- Renaming Columns: df.rename()

- Duplicates: df.duplicated(), df.drop_duplicates()

- Normalization & Standardization: Scaling data for modeling

Unit 5: Data Visualization

- Matplotlib:

* Line plots, Bar plots, Histograms, Scatter plots

- Seaborn:

* Distribution plots: histplot, distplot

* Categorical plots: boxplot, countplot

* Matrix plots: heatmap


Code Example:

import seaborn as sns

sns.boxplot(data=df, x="category", y="value")

Unit 6: Basic Statistical Analysis

- Descriptive Statistics: mean(), median(), mode(), std(), var()

- Frequency Distribution: value_counts()

- Correlation & Covariance: df.corr(), df.cov()

- Inferential Stats (Basic): Hypothesis testing (t-test, chi-square)

Real-World Applications:

- Business analytics, Scientific research, Machine learning preprocessing, Financial forecasting

Best Practices:

- Always explore and understand the data

- Clean data before analysis

- Visualize before concluding

End of Notes

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