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cs403 2 solution file

The document discusses various concepts related to SQL, including the use of DML for data manipulation, the GROUP BY clause for aggregating data, and the creation of views. It also touches on topics such as deadlocks in computer processes and the importance of understanding cardinalities in database design. Additionally, there are expressions of confusion and difficulty in grasping certain concepts throughout the text.

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rana tamoor
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7 views

cs403 2 solution file

The document discusses various concepts related to SQL, including the use of DML for data manipulation, the GROUP BY clause for aggregating data, and the creation of views. It also touches on topics such as deadlocks in computer processes and the importance of understanding cardinalities in database design. Additionally, there are expressions of confusion and difficulty in grasping certain concepts throughout the text.

Uploaded by

rana tamoor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

A support For data communication


2. relativity static

3. attribute
4. SQL is an ANSI standard computer language for
5. a
6. A DML is a language, which enables users to access and manipulate data
7. b
8. Additivity or Union:
9. d lag rha cnfrm kar lo String (LOWER, UPPER, SUBSTRING, LEN)
10. a lag rha ku k baqi ma andar nam ata ha like inner outer etc
11. c
12. d
13. b
14. a
15. c
16. a and c chk both smj ni a rai thi
17. c
18. a
19. a It can also be created on composite attributes
20. b
21. d
22. a A view can be dropped using the DROP VIEW command, which is just like DROP
TABLE.
23. a
24. d
25. a
26. b Consider, for example, the case of simple linear search on a file with 1,000 records.
With the sequential organization, an average of 500 ke
27. no idea bcz cncpt ni ha topic ka
28. c atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability
29. end lac ma abi tak gya ni     
30. a wo jo probility of lock ma table bna ha shaid wo ha
31. a To read a database object, it is first brought into main memory
32. c Locking is maintained by the transaction manager or more precisely lock manager.
33. a When the ‘commit’ statement is executed then, first, the database buffer is updated, t
34. gereral cncpt ha mgr smj ni a rain a mil rha pta kar k bta dena
35. smj ni a rai na search ho rha ha
36. c or d ma say koi 1 ha Determination of the cardinalities is done by interviewing the
users of the system and by the analysis of the organization.
37. ma search bht kia mgr ni mila ma fr rona shuru kar dia 
38. b
39. agar pk jo ha uski FK 1 ki jga kafi bar use ho skti to one to many or agar single he to one
to one ab khud andaza lgao or mgy v btao 
40. a It is a binary operation that allows combining certain selections and a Cartesian product
into one operation.

Ab long short ki bari ha 


Discuss the situation in which we use group by class
Mra idea ya ha
ANS:
The GROUP BY clause can be used in a SELECT statement to collect data across multiple
records and group the results by one or more columns. It is added to SQL because aggregate
functions (like SUM) return the aggregate of all column values every time they are called, and
without the GROUP BY function it is impossible to find the sum for each individual group of
column values.

Q-42
ANS: There are two ways to create a new view in your database. You can: • Create a new view
from scratch. • Or, make a copy of an existing view and then modify it.;

Q-43
ANS
Page 314 pay 3 point

Q-44
ANS:
Page 65 pay cros ref matrix ka ha

Q-45
ANS:
Apna cncpt use hna ha book ma ni ha

Q-46
ANS: ni ata 

Q-47
ANS:

Give one example of Deadlock. (Marks 3)


Answer:- Click here for detail A simple computer-based example is as follows. Suppose a computer has three
CD drives and three processes. Each of the three processes holds one of the drives. If each process now requests
another drive, the three processes will be in a deadlock. Each process will be waiting for the "CD drive released"
event, which can be only caused by one of the other waiting processes. Thus, it results in a circular chain.

Q-48
Ans:
Apna cncpt kam ana ha

Q-49
Ans:
Baqi ni atay itnay mushkil han nani yad a jati ha ppr ma kya bny ga 

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