REVOLUTIONISING DATABASE MANAGEMENT

USING MONGODB AND ITS COMPARATIVE

ANALYSIS
AUTHOR NAME: TUSHAR SINGH SHEKHAWAT, TUSHAR
SAINI, RISHABH PAREEK
B. TECH SCHOLAR

Abstract

The most well-liked NoSQL database system is MongoDB. It's a useful tool
for data warehousing, particularly because it can benefit from "shard less
cluster architecture." Since it is open source, it is perfect for building
high-performance databases. This article explores several MongoDB
features and poses some significant queries. Any of these issues could be
the subject of future investigation. The research on MongoDB databases can
now proceed in light of this article.

Our world has advanced to its highest level. As a result of this surge,
technologies, gadgets, business models, and other things have advanced
quickly. Tools for producing vast amounts of data the management and
management of the data is all done through software. In order to supply
some infrastructure, data is gathered from a variety of devices, but if they
malfunction, data loss could result. There are numerous ways that have
been gathered to stop this from happening. With the MongoDB paradigm,
NoSQL functions. MongoDB is a cross-tier archival storage solution with the
ability to offer essential personnel and resources. It facilitates accelerated
identity expansion. Many staff are aware of where the storage facility is, and
any extra alterations or limits are made as needed. This component is in
charge of spreading data around several hubs in order to expand the map's
available space and deliver pertinent requests. This data is normally saved
on your computer and is retrieved from it. Typically, a database is split into
two sections: A number of databases have this data. In this article,
MongoDB is compared against a number of SQL and NoSQL databases. In
terms of performance and other parameters, MongoDB is comparable to the
databases created by MySQL, Oracle, and Cassandra.

Keywords:
Introduction
An open-source database with high performance, high performance, and
auto-scaling capabilities is MongoDB. In MongoDB, a document, a data
structure made up of field and value pairs, serves as the unit of storage.
JSON objects and MongoDB files are comparable. Other data, arrays, and
arrays of data are all examples of data. The following are benefits of using
data:

• In many programming languages, data (i.e., objects) corresponds to

ordinary data.
• Embedded arrays and profiles eliminate the need for pricey wiring.
• Simple polymorphism is supported via dynamic typing. A. Characteristics of
MongoDB
• High Performance - MongoDB offers data that is highly performant.
Faster queries are supported by indexes, which can also contain keys from
files and arrays. Indexes support data structures that decrease I/O
operations, particularly in database systems.
• Rich query - MongoDB offers CRUD (read, write, update, delete) operations
with support for reading, data collecting, and text searching.
• Provides automatic failover and data backup – MongoDB replica clusters,
also known as replica sets, are readily available. A replica system is a
collection of MongoDB servers that all host the same database, boosting data
availability and ensuring redundancy.
• Horizontal scalability - Horizontal scalability is one of MongoDB's main
features. Data is shared among a number of machines through sharding.

Methodology

The most well-known NoSQL database is MongoDB, a form of open-

source database. C++ is used to create and write MongoDB.
Data-driven and cross-platform, MongoDB offers great performance,
availability, and simple scalability. learns about data concepts and
MongoDB collections.
• Database - A database serves as a repository for data. There is
a unique archiving method for each repository.
• Collection – A collection is a grouping of data in MongoDB. It is
comparable to a table in an RDBMS. The structure is not constrained by
the text. The information in the book is widely available.
A document is a collection of values.

The schema in this file is dynamic. Because of dynamic typing, various

types of data can be stored in distinct fields of a data collection, which
means that data in a single collection need not have the same field or
structure.

Case Study:
Data is stored in JSON file format using the data-oriented storage offered
by MongoDB. All characters are measurable. We can also list the
applications for MongoDB:

● Large Data
● Mobile and Infrastructure; distribution and content management
● Product Profile Management is Popular
● Text in Data Centre

Importance of MongoDB

MongoDB is focused on data. Other database kinds, such as

relationship, chart, price/value, column, FTS, report/discount, etc., are
"opposite" of this. Instructions on data organization for different query
kinds, indexing choices, handling of code polymorphic objects, and user
number handling follow.

A database called MongoDB also controls the use of many servers in two
ways: Sharding Replication Clusters and Replication Cluster Replication:

Failure over and Redundancy

● No downtime for upgrades or maintenance Strong

compatibilities like: Master-Slave Replication
● Dividend Latency
● Spatial Elements A volume can be partitioned and distributed to a
number of machines. Partition
● various data distribution partitions depending on the use of unique
content Sharding Change Chap. 4 Counting all 4 Section 4 Section
444
● Additionally, MongoDB offers: a straightforward method of
sketching, minimizing, or aggregating across several computers.
This offers advice on how to estimate and write primitives.

Advantages of MongoDB

Every relational database has a specific type of structure that displays

the number of tables and their relationships. Relationships are not a
concept in MongoDB.

The following list of benefits of MongoDB over RDBMS can be explained:

An adaptable database is MongoDB. Each document will differ in terms

of its content, size, and number of fields.

• A thing's original form.

• No hard links exist.

• The capacity to pose probing queries. Dynamic data querying is

supported by MongoDB utilizing database-based queries that are nearly
as powerful as SQL.

• Level measurement is simple. Scaling MongoDB is significantly

simpler.

• Converting or mapping things to database objects is not necessary.

• Windows stores all configuration data in local memory, enabling for

quicker deployment of data transfer.

Conclusion:

A database system that is powered by data is MongoDB. Management of

Data It might be difficult to successfully store vast amounts of data using
data management. The most significant component of a database like
MongoDB is records, not tables. These files in MongoDB are made up of
JSON and BSON files, which may be the same or different. Files that
depend on other files or subfiles are in Section A. These documents all
share a common structure. Data on bullying may include actual or
simulated instances. You can use file names or specific files. A type of
open-source database is MongoDB. MongoDB's capacity to scale and
scale quickly is one of its key benefits over its rivals. MongoDB is also
suitable for other technologies, such as big data and content management
Survey:
An open source, data-driven database is MongoDB. created in C++. It was
initially created in 2007 as a programmed for other applications by 10gen
applications Company. The business started its open development phase
after 2009. Since that time, a lot of websites have switched to using
MongoDB as their backend system. Although it is not a relational model, it
makes use of various standards that are comparable to RDBMS in terms of
database architecture. A collection is a table-like structure that is stored in
every MongoDB database. at objects known as files, information is kept at
each storage location. A regular file is a file with multiple keys and values. It
stores data in a format related to JSON that MongoDB refers to as BSON
format. It is schema-free or makes use of dynamic schemas to accommodate
the storage of several data types in the same location [1, 2, 5, 6].

Collections: It keeps a great deal of information that is comparable or

connected yet does the same thing. There is a distinct "_id" value for each
collection.

Data: The term "data" refers to all information held in objects. The sources
and outcomes of pertinent information are numerous. As an illustration,
consider the following: field1: value1, field2: value2, field3: value3, ...... , Field
N: value N.

Format data before storing it. Here, Value is the value assigned to the field for
a specific piece of data or record, and Key is the name of the field where the
data is stored. An overview of the RDBMS components that make up
MongoDB1 may be seen below.

➢ Table that shows RDBMS Terminology with MongoDB

RDBMS MONGODB
DATABASE database
TABLE collection
TUPLE ROW document
COLUMN field
TABLE JOIN Embedded document
 PRIMARY KEY Primary key (default key_id provided by mongo db
itself).

The MongoDB storage model's basic architecture looks like this. A database
has a lot of storage capacity. A set of data is contained in a document. A file
is a container for names and the values that go with them. [1.2.7]

Figure 1
Basic Structure of MongoDB

Conclusion:

It is said that MongoDB offers capabilities including flexibility,

scalability, and high performance. Our analysis of this repository
reveals that it performs better than other repositories. However, it
could be expensive to provide this functionality across multiple
devices and servers using techniques like fragmentation and
replication if the data volume is enormous. More servers that can
store blocks of data as well as servers that can store copies will
be required as the volume of data grows. But regardless of how
big the file is, it will perform better than other files of the same
size. MongoDB should only be taken into account as a backup
solution for your application if the database is extremely huge
and continuing to expand, includes a lot of data, needs a lot of
processing, and can be accessed from a single server. As a
database, it is used.

Comparative Analysis

As indicated in Table 1, some MySQL tables have different

names, i.e. are written as BSON files, just like tables or rows in
MongoDB. Therefore, we may assert that MongoDB has data,
and that data also comprises fields and data.
Data is arranged into relationships and represented by columns
and rows in the traditional RDBMS format. Keys are parameters
used in relational databases.
Since it is used to define each row of the table, the primary key is
one of the most crucial components of the table. Creating,
reading, editing, and deleting data are the four main CRUD
operations that are used to access data. SQL, or Structured
Query Language, is used by this function.

One of the most crucial properties of SQL databases is the ACID

attribute. The major distinction between SQL and NoSQL
database systems is this. The NewSQL strategy, on the other
hand, combines the features of the NoSQL model while
maintaining and supporting the relational model's properties.

TABLE 1: MYSQL VS MONGODB TERMS

MY SQL MONGODB
DATABASE DATABASE
TABLE COLLECTION
INDEX INDEX
ROW BSON DOCUMENT
COLUMN BSON FIELD
JOIN EMBEDDED DOCUMENT AND
LINKING
 PRIMARY KEY PRIMARY KEY
GROUP BY AGGREGATION

A database has the following graphic structure:

{
“_id”: “d4acaf3a76e4378b853eb15fde21672”, “username”:
“andra”,
“email”: [email protected],
}
{
“_id”: “d4rvgf3a76e4378b853eb15fde21672”, “username”: “iona”,
“email”: [email protected],
}

For each user ID, username, and email address, user records
can be created, as seen by the example above. There will be
three different user types for the application: Administrator,
Administrator, and Normal User. The ability to create private
forums and subforums belongs to every member. While public
users can only add ideas to the forum and leave the forum,
moderators have the authority to amend or delete other users'
forum and sub conversations. Forums and forums must be visible
to all forum users if social media is used, but regular users are
not permitted to create, change, or delete them unless they are
the meeting's organizer.

These fields in MongoDB refer to tables and tables that are only
accessible to authorized users (admins and administrators),
hence utilizing less storage space than MySQL.
MongoDB features one-to-many relationships, just like database
relationships, but it doesn't use the notion of foreign keys; rather,
it employs the notion of annotations.
ISSUES WITH MONGODB

One well-liked storage choice is MongoDB. Compared to

competing RDBMs, it is quicker and easier to learn, although it
still has significant drawbacks. Data is kept in nested files rather
than tables because it is not normalized. Because Mongo,
MySQL, and other database engines don't have hard-wired
processes, searching becomes quicker as a result. Despite this
benefit, MongoDB still has flaws and ought to be seen as a
database engine.

Trust Problems: By default, MongoDB writes are asynchronous.

The biggest benefit of this is that you may launch the extension
right away without having to wait for each addition or update to
be approved. Even though the burning process won't be entirely
finished, some changes might still be needed. Either this engine
has everything or it doesn't. Even though it takes longer, this
method is better and more dependable for typing activities. You
can encounter inconsistencies and mistakes if everything is left
undone.

• A problem with schema-less design exists since MongoDB does

not adhere to a relational schema and is not normalized. All
information is kept in nested JSON objects known as files. As a
result, the data can be organized more creatively and the
application logic is compelled to base more of its design
decisions on the data. The requirements for the data structure
are established by the application logic rather than the database
itself when there is no schema.

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

Although MongoDB is now the most widely used

database-focused database, it may not always be the strongest
or finest. The world's newest and most widely used NoSQL
database is MongoDB. The fact that it may benefit from the
so-called "shared nothing cluster architecture" makes it a great
data storage tool.
It is the best library for building high-performance libraries
because it is open source. It is very simple to install, integrate
with PHP, test, and is professionally designed and supported.
Additionally, as it is new and changes are almost always given, it
is important to finish the project decision on MongoDB with
enjoyment. The majority of the requirements of today's
applications can be satisfied by next generation NoSQL (NoSQL)
databases, which are typically non-relational, decentralized, and
horizontally scalable. The major attributes of this file are
consistent outcomes, easier support, easier support,
unconnected, unrelated, and schema-free.

Due to the presumption that all data will be accessible using the
same experience, the findings of this study offer up new
directions for future research on data access when there are
hotspots. This project will eventually become a third-party
MongoDB model, either directly or indirectly.

References:

[1] Benymol Jose, Sajimon Abraham,” Exploring the Merits of NoSQL: A Study Based on
MongoDB”, 978-1-5090-6590-5/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE

[2] Cornelia Gyrödi, Robert Gyrödi, George Pecherle, AndradaOlah,”A Comparative Study:
MongoDB vs. MySQL”, 978-1-4799-7650-8/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE

[3] https://www.stackchief.com/search/mongodb

[4] https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/introduction/

[5] https://www.stackchief.com/blog/Problems%20with%20MongoDB

[6] https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2014/01/sql-vs-nosql-db/