Scribd
Upload
16 views17 pages

Kinds of Sets

The document outlines various types of sets in mathematics, including null sets, singleton sets, finite and infinite sets, subsets, supersets, power sets, equal and unequal sets, equivalent sets, overlapping sets, disjoint sets, and universal sets. Each type is defined with examples to illustrate the concepts. The document serves as an educational resource on the classification and properties of sets.

Uploaded by

Josephine Agustine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views17 pages

Kinds of Sets

The document outlines various types of sets in mathematics, including null sets, singleton sets, finite and infinite sets, subsets, supersets, power sets, equal and unequal sets, equivalent sets, overlapping sets, disjoint sets, and universal sets. Each type is defined with examples to illustrate the concepts. The document serves as an educational resource on the classification and properties of sets.

Uploaded by

Josephine Agustine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Kinds of

Set's
Types of sets are classified according to
the number of elements they have.

Different Sets are the collection of elements of the

Types of same type. For example, a set of prime


numbers, natural numbers, etc.

Sets There are various types of sets such as unit


sets, finite and infinite sets, null sets, equal
and unequal sets, etc
Null Set/Empty Set
Null set is a set that does not contain any element.

The cardinality of the empty set is zero. The null


set or the void set is expressed by the symbol ∅
and is read as phi. In roster form, ∅ is indicated by
{}.

Example:
A={x : x is a natural number less than 1}
B={x : x is an even prime number greater than 2}
C={x : x is a triangle with four sides}
Singleton Set

A set that has only one element is


termed a singleton set.

Example
A = {5}
B= {Earth}
E= {- 3}
Finite Set
A finite set is a set that has a countable
number of elements, meaning you can count
the number of elements in the set and come
to an end.

Example
Set A= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Set B = {a, b, c}
Set C= {red, green, blue}
Infinite Set
An infinite set is a set that has an
uncountable number of elements, meaning
you cannot count all the elements in the set
and come to an end.

Example
Set of Natural Numbers N = {1, 2, 3, 4, .....}
Set of Integers Z={......, - 3,-2, - 1,0,1,2,3,.....}
Set of Positive Even Numbers E={2, 4, 6,
8,......}
Subset
A subset is a set whose elements are all
members of another set. If set A is a subset
of set B, we write A ⊆ B. This means that
every element of A is also an element of B.

Examples
Let A = {1, 2} and B={1, 2, 3}. Here, A subset B.
If C= {a, b} and D = {a, b, c, d}, then C subset
D.
Let E = {3, 5} and F={1, 3, 5, 7}. So, E subset F.
Super Set
A superset is a set that contains all the
elements of another set. If set A is a
superset of set B, we write A ⊆ B. This
means that every element of B is also an
element of A.

Examples
Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B={1, 2}. Here, A ⊆ B.
If C= {a, b, c, d} and D = {a, b}, then C ⊆ D.
Let E = {1, 3, 5, 7} and F={3, 5}. So, E ⊆ F.
Power Set
Power set is the set of all subsets
that a set could contain.

Example:
Set A = {1,2,3}. Power set of A is =
{{∅}, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3},
{1,2,3}}.
S = {a, b}. P(S) = { {}, {a}, {b}, {a, b} }
Equal Sets
If two sets have the same elements in
them, then they are called equal sets.

Example:
A = {1,3,2} and B = {1,2,3}. Here, set A and
set B are equal sets. This can be
represented as A = B.
Set E = {x, y, z} and Set F = {x, y, z}. Both
sets have the same elements and the
same order. Therefore, E = F.
Unequal Sets
If two sets have at least one element
that is different, then they are unequal
sets.

Example:
X = {4, 5, 6} and Y = {2,3,4}. Here, set X
and set Y are unequal sets. This can be
represented as X ≠ Y.
Consider set C={a, b, c} and set D={a, b}.
Equivalent Sets
Two sets are said to be equivalent sets
when they have the same number of
elements, though the elements are
different.

Example: A = {7, 8, 9, 10} and B = {a,b,c,d}.


Here, set A and set B are equivalent sets
since n(A) = n(B)
Overlapping Sets
Two sets are said to be overlapping if at
least one element from set A is present in
set B.

Example: A = {4,5,6} B = {4,9,10}. Here,


element 4 is present in set A as well as in
set B. Therefore, A and B are overlapping
sets.
Disjoint Sets
Two sets are disjoint sets if there are no
common elements in both sets.

Example: A = {1,2,3,4} B = {7,8,9,10}. Here,


set A and set B are disjoint sets.
Universal Set
A universal set is the collection of all the
elements in regard to a particular subject.

The set notation used to represent a


universal set is the letter 'U'.
Example
Consider if set A = {2,3,4}, set B = {4,5,6,7} and C =
{6,7,8,9, 10}
Then, we will address the universal set as U =
{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}

Note: As per the definition of the universal set, we can


say that all the sets are subsets of the universal set.
Hence,
A⊆U
B⊆U
and C ⊆ U.
Thank you for
listening

You might also like