1)Reverse Each Word in a String
sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")
words = sentence.split()
for word in words:
print(word[::-1], end=" ")
2) Character Frequency Counter
string = input("Enter a string: ")
freq = {}
for char in string:
if char != " ":
if char in freq:
freq[char] += 1
else:
freq[char] = 1
for char, count in freq.items():
print(char, count)
3) Python program that simulates a contact book using a
dictionary, allowing for adding, removing, updating, and
searching contacts:
contacts = {}
def add_contact(name, phone):
contacts[name] = phone
def remove_contact(name):
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]
def update_contact(name, phone):
if name in contacts:
contacts[name] = phone
def search_contact(name):
if name in contacts:
print(name, contacts[name])
def show_contacts():
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(name, phone)
# Example usage
add_contact("Alice", "1234567890")
add_contact("Bob", "9876543210")
show_contacts()
update_contact("Bob", "1112223333")
search_contact("Bob")
remove_contact("Alice")
show_contacts()
4) Append data to an existing file and display the entire file
file_name = 'sample.txt'
data_to_append = "\nThis is some new data to append to the file."
with open(file_name, 'a') as file:
file.write(data_to_append)
with open(file_name, 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)
5) Count the number of lines, words, and characters in a file
file_name = 'sample.txt'
with open(file_name, 'r') as file:
lines = file.readlines()
num_lines = len(lines)
num_words = sum(len(line.split()) for line in lines)
num_chars = sum(len(line) for line in lines)
print(num_lines, num_words, num_chars)
6)Display files available in the current directory
import os
files = os.listdir(os.getcwd())
for file in files:
print(file)
7)Creating a NumPy Array
import numpy as np
# Creating a 1D NumPy array
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print("NumPy Array:", arr)
print("Array Type:", type(arr))
Output:
NumPy Array: [1 2 3 4 5]
Array Type: <class 'numpy.ndarray'>
8) Basic NumPy Methods
(a) Creating Different Types of Arrays
import numpy as np
# Creating an array of zeros
zeros_array = np.zeros((3,3))
print("Zeros Array:\n", zeros_array)
# Creating an array of ones
ones_array = np.ones((2,2))
print("Ones Array:\n", ones_array)
# Creating an identity matrix
identity_matrix = np.eye(3)
print("Identity Matrix:\n", identity_matrix)
(b) Array Indexing & Slicing
arr = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])
print("Element at index 2:", arr[2]) # Accessing an element
print("Slice from index 1 to 3:", arr[1:4]) # Slicing
Output:
Element at index 2: 30
Slice from index 1 to 3: [20 30 40]
(c) Reshaping an Array
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
reshaped_arr = arr.reshape(2, 3)
print("Reshaped Array:\n", reshaped_arr)
Output:
Reshaped Array:
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
(d) Mathematical Operations in NumPy
arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])
arr2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])
# Element-wise addition
print("Addition:", arr1 + arr2)
# Element-wise multiplication
print("Multiplication:", arr1 * arr2)
# Mean of an array
print("Mean:", np.mean(arr1))
(e) Generating Random Numbers using NumPy
random_array = np.random.randint(1, 100, (3,3))
print("Random Array:\n", random_array)
9)Creating NumPy Arrays
import numpy as np
# Creating a 1D array
arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print("1D Array:", arr1)
# Creating a 2D array
arr2 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
print("2D Array:\n", arr2)
# Creating a 3D array
arr3 = np.array([[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[5, 6], [7, 8]]])
print("3D Array:\n", arr3)
Output:
1D Array: [1 2 3 4 5]
2D Array:
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
3D Array:
[[[1 2]
[3 4]]
[[5 6]
[7 8]]]
10) Indexing and Slicing Arrays
# Indexing
print("First element of arr1:", arr1[0])
print("Element at row 1, column 2 in arr2:", arr2[1, 2])
# Slicing
print("Slice of arr1:", arr1[1:4]) # Elements from index 1 to 3
print("First row of arr2:", arr2[0, :])
print("First column of arr2:", arr2[:, 0])
Output:
First element of arr1: 1
Element at row 1, column 2 in arr2: 6
Slice of arr1: [2 3 4]
First row of arr2: [1 2 3]
First column of arr2: [1 4]
11) Reshaping Arrays
# Reshaping a 1D array into a 2D array
reshaped_arr = arr1.reshape(5, 1)
print("Reshaped Array:\n", reshaped_arr)
# Flattening a 2D array to 1D
flattened_arr = arr2.flatten()
print("Flattened Array:", flattened_arr)
Output:
Reshaped Array:
[[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]]
Flattened Array: [1 2 3 4 5 6]
12) Performing Arithmetic Operations
arr_a = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40])
arr_b = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4])
print("Addition:", arr_a + arr_b)
print("Subtraction:", arr_a - arr_b)
print("Multiplication:", arr_a * arr_b)
print("Division:", arr_a / arr_b)
Output:
Addition: [11 22 33 44]
Subtraction: [ 9 18 27 36]
Multiplication: [10 40 90 160]
Division: [10. 10. 10. 10.]
13)Creating a Pandas Series
import pandas as pd
# Creating a Series from a list
data = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
series = pd.Series(data)
print("Pandas Series:\n", series)
Output:
Pandas Series:
0 10
1 20
2 30
3 40
4 50
dtype: int64
13) Creating a Pandas DataFrame
import pandas as pd
# Creating a DataFrame from a dictionary
data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
'Age': [25, 30, 35],
'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print("Pandas DataFrame:\n", df)
Output:
Pandas DataFrame:
Name Age City
0 Alice 25 New York
1 Bob 30 Los Angeles
2 Charlie 35 Chicago
14) Accessing Data from a DataFrame
# Selecting a single column
print("Age Column:\n", df['Age'])
# Selecting a specific row
print("First Row:\n", df.iloc[0])
# Filtering Data
filtered_df = df[df['Age'] > 25]
print("Filtered DataFrame:\n", filtered_df)
