1)Reverse Each Word in a String

sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")

words = sentence.split()
for word in words:
print(word[::-1], end=" ")

2) Character Frequency Counter

string = input("Enter a string: ")
freq = {}

for char in string:

if char != " ":
if char in freq:
freq[char] += 1
else:
freq[char] = 1

for char, count in freq.items():

print(char, count)

3) Python program that simulates a contact book using a

dictionary, allowing for adding, removing, updating, and
searching contacts:

contacts = {}

def add_contact(name, phone):

contacts[name] = phone

def remove_contact(name):
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]

def update_contact(name, phone):

if name in contacts:
contacts[name] = phone
def search_contact(name):
if name in contacts:
print(name, contacts[name])

def show_contacts():
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(name, phone)

# Example usage
add_contact("Alice", "1234567890")
add_contact("Bob", "9876543210")
show_contacts()

update_contact("Bob", "1112223333")
search_contact("Bob")

remove_contact("Alice")
show_contacts()

4) Append data to an existing file and display the entire file

file_name = 'sample.txt'
data_to_append = "\nThis is some new data to append to the file."

with open(file_name, 'a') as file:

file.write(data_to_append)

with open(file_name, 'r') as file:

content = file.read()

print(content)

5) Count the number of lines, words, and characters in a file

file_name = 'sample.txt'
with open(file_name, 'r') as file:
lines = file.readlines()

num_lines = len(lines)
num_words = sum(len(line.split()) for line in lines)
num_chars = sum(len(line) for line in lines)

print(num_lines, num_words, num_chars)

6)Display files available in the current directory

import os

files = os.listdir(os.getcwd())

for file in files:

print(file)

7)Creating a NumPy Array

import numpy as np

# Creating a 1D NumPy array

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

print("NumPy Array:", arr)

print("Array Type:", type(arr))

Output:

NumPy Array: [1 2 3 4 5]

Array Type: <class 'numpy.ndarray'>

8) Basic NumPy Methods

(a) Creating Different Types of Arrays

import numpy as np

# Creating an array of zeros

zeros_array = np.zeros((3,3))

print("Zeros Array:\n", zeros_array)

# Creating an array of ones

ones_array = np.ones((2,2))

print("Ones Array:\n", ones_array)

# Creating an identity matrix

identity_matrix = np.eye(3)

print("Identity Matrix:\n", identity_matrix)

(b) Array Indexing & Slicing

arr = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])

print("Element at index 2:", arr[2]) # Accessing an element

print("Slice from index 1 to 3:", arr[1:4]) # Slicing

Output:

Element at index 2: 30

Slice from index 1 to 3: [20 30 40]

(c) Reshaping an Array

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])

reshaped_arr = arr.reshape(2, 3)

print("Reshaped Array:\n", reshaped_arr)

Output:

Reshaped Array:

[[1 2 3]

[4 5 6]]

(d) Mathematical Operations in NumPy

arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])

arr2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])

# Element-wise addition

print("Addition:", arr1 + arr2)

# Element-wise multiplication

print("Multiplication:", arr1 * arr2)

# Mean of an array

print("Mean:", np.mean(arr1))

(e) Generating Random Numbers using NumPy

random_array = np.random.randint(1, 100, (3,3))

print("Random Array:\n", random_array)

9)Creating NumPy Arrays

import numpy as np

# Creating a 1D array

arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

print("1D Array:", arr1)

# Creating a 2D array

arr2 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])

print("2D Array:\n", arr2)

# Creating a 3D array

arr3 = np.array([[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[5, 6], [7, 8]]])

print("3D Array:\n", arr3)

Output:

1D Array: [1 2 3 4 5]

2D Array:

[[1 2 3]

[4 5 6]]

3D Array:

[[[1 2]

[3 4]]

[[5 6]

[7 8]]]
10) Indexing and Slicing Arrays

# Indexing

print("First element of arr1:", arr1[0])

print("Element at row 1, column 2 in arr2:", arr2[1, 2])

# Slicing

print("Slice of arr1:", arr1[1:4]) # Elements from index 1 to 3

print("First row of arr2:", arr2[0, :])

print("First column of arr2:", arr2[:, 0])

Output:

First element of arr1: 1

Element at row 1, column 2 in arr2: 6

Slice of arr1: [2 3 4]

First row of arr2: [1 2 3]

First column of arr2: [1 4]

11) Reshaping Arrays

# Reshaping a 1D array into a 2D array

reshaped_arr = arr1.reshape(5, 1)

print("Reshaped Array:\n", reshaped_arr)

# Flattening a 2D array to 1D

flattened_arr = arr2.flatten()

print("Flattened Array:", flattened_arr)

Output:

Reshaped Array:

[[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]]

Flattened Array: [1 2 3 4 5 6]

12) Performing Arithmetic Operations

arr_a = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40])

arr_b = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4])

print("Addition:", arr_a + arr_b)

print("Subtraction:", arr_a - arr_b)

print("Multiplication:", arr_a * arr_b)

print("Division:", arr_a / arr_b)

Output:

Addition: [11 22 33 44]

Subtraction: [ 9 18 27 36]

Multiplication: [10 40 90 160]

Division: [10. 10. 10. 10.]

13)Creating a Pandas Series

import pandas as pd

# Creating a Series from a list

data = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

series = pd.Series(data)

print("Pandas Series:\n", series)

Output:

Pandas Series:

0 10

1 20

2 30

3 40

4 50

dtype: int64

13) Creating a Pandas DataFrame

import pandas as pd

# Creating a DataFrame from a dictionary

data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],

'Age': [25, 30, 35],

'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print("Pandas DataFrame:\n", df)

Output:

Pandas DataFrame:

Name Age City

0 Alice 25 New York

1 Bob 30 Los Angeles

2 Charlie 35 Chicago

14) Accessing Data from a DataFrame

# Selecting a single column

print("Age Column:\n", df['Age'])

# Selecting a specific row

print("First Row:\n", df.iloc[0])

# Filtering Data

filtered_df = df[df['Age'] > 25]

print("Filtered DataFrame:\n", filtered_df)