PRACTICAL FILE

Practical Work of C Programming

(BCA206)

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of

Bachelor of Computer Application

(BCA)
to

ASIAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS, NOIDA

Affiliated to Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Prof. Taseem Nazir Student Name-MD FAIZAN
Assistant Professor R.No.
ASB/BCA/24/085
Batch – BCA 2024-27

ASIAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS

Sector-125, Noida, G.B. Nagar (U.P.)
S.No Topic Date Sign
1 Print the elements of an array in reverse order
2 Print the largest element present in an array
3 Sort the elements of an array in ascending order
4 Calculate the addition of 2 matrices
5 Calculate the multiplication of 2 matrices
6 Show the basic declaration of a pointer
7 Demonstrate the use of &(address of) and *(value at address)
operators
8 Store n elements in an array and print the elements using a pointer
9 Find the factorial of a given number using pointers
10 Demonstrate various String Functions
11 Count the total number of alphabets, digits, and special characters
in a string
12 Find the number of times the word 'the' appears in a string
13 Compare two strings without using string library functions
14 Display the values of Structure members
15 Store student information and display it
16 Print the date, month, and year of student’s Date of Birth using
nested Structures
17 Demonstrate the difference between structure and union
18 Open and close a file
19 Read 100 characters from a file
20 Write 100 characters to a file
21 Append 100 characters to a file
22 Demonstrate basic string operations

INDEX
1 Print the elements of an array in reverse order

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int n;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[n];
printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
printf("Array in reverse order: ");
for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
getch();
return 0;
}
2. Print the largest element present in an array

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int n, largest;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[n];
printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
largest = arr[0];
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if (arr[i] > largest) {
largest = arr[i];
}
}
printf("Largest element: %d", largest);
getch();
return 0;
}
3. Sort the elements of an array in ascending order

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int n, temp;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[n];
printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
if (arr[i] > arr[j]) {
temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
}
}
}
printf("Array in ascending order: ");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
getch();
return 0;
}
4. Calculate the addition of 2 matrices

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int rows, cols;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns: ");
scanf("%d %d", &rows, &cols);
int mat1[rows][cols], mat2[rows][cols], sum[rows][cols];
printf("Enter elements of the first matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
scanf("%d", &mat1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter elements of the second matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
scanf("%d", &mat2[i][j]);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
sum[i][j] = mat1[i][j] + mat2[i][j];
}
}
printf("Resultant matrix (Addition):\n");
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
printf("%d ", sum[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
5. Calculate the multiplication of 2 matrices

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns for the first matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &rows1, &cols1);
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns for the second matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &rows2, &cols2);
if (cols1 != rows2) {
printf("Matrix multiplication not possible.");
getch();
return 0;
}
int mat1[rows1][cols1], mat2[rows2][cols2], prod[rows1][cols2];
printf("Enter elements of the first matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols1; j++) {
scanf("%d", &mat1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter elements of the second matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
scanf("%d", &mat2[i][j]);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
prod[i][j] = 0;
for (int k = 0; k < cols1; k++) {
prod[i][j] += mat1[i][k] * mat2[k][j];
}
}
}
printf("Resultant matrix (Multiplication):\n");
 for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
printf("%d ", prod[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
6. Show the basic declaration of a pointer

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int x, *ptr;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &x);
ptr = &x;
printf("Pointer points to value: %d", *ptr);
getch();
return 0;
}
7. Demonstrate the use of &(address of) and (value at address) operators

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int x;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &x);
printf("Address of x: %p\n", &x);
printf("Value at address of x: %d", *(&x));
getch();
return 0;
}
8. Store n elements in an array and print the elements using a pointer

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int n;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[n], *ptr;
printf("Enter %d elements: ", n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
ptr = arr;
printf("Array elements are: ");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%d ", *(ptr + i));
}
getch();
return 0;
}
9. Find the factorial of a given number using pointers

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int factorial(int *n) {
int fact = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= *n; i++) {
fact *= i;
}
return fact;
}

int main() {
int num;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("Factorial of %d is: %d", num, factorial(&num));
getch();
return 0;
}
10. Demonstrate various String Functions

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
char str1[100], str2[100];
clrscr();
printf("Enter first string: ");
scanf("%s", str1);
printf("Enter second string: ");
scanf("%s", str2);
printf("String length of '%s': %lu\n", str1, strlen(str1));
printf("String comparison result: %d\n", strcmp(str1, str2));
printf("Concatenated string: %s", strcat(str1, str2));
getch();
return 0;
}
11. Count the total number of alphabets, digits, and special characters in a string

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
char str[100];
int alphabets = 0, digits = 0, special = 0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a string: ");
scanf("%s", str);
for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {
if ((str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z') || (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z')) {
alphabets++;
} else if (str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <= '9') {
digits++;
} else {
special++;
}
}
printf("Alphabets: %d, Digits: %d, Special Characters: %d", alphabets, digits, special);
getch();
return 0;
}
12. Find the number of times the word 'the' appears in a string

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
char str[200], word[10] = "the";
int count = 0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a string: ");
gets(str);
char *token = strtok(str, " ");
while (token != NULL) {
if (strcmp(token, word) == 0) {
count++;
}
token = strtok(NULL, " ");
}
printf("The word 'the' appears %d times.", count);
getch();
return 0;
}
13. Compare two strings without using string library functions

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int compareStrings(char str1[], char str2[]) {
for (int i = 0; str1[i] != '\0' || str2[i] != '\0'; i++) {
if (str1[i] != str2[i]) {
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}

int main() {
char str1[100], str2[100];
clrscr();
printf("Enter the first string: ");
scanf("%s", str1);
printf("Enter the second string: ");
scanf("%s", str2);
if (compareStrings(str1, str2)) {
printf("Strings are equal.");
} else {
printf("Strings are not equal.");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
14. Display the values of Structure members

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
struct Person {
char name[50];
int age;
float height;
};

int main() {
struct Person person;
clrscr();
printf("Enter name: ");
scanf("%s", person.name);
printf("Enter age: ");
scanf("%d", &person.age);
printf("Enter height: ");
scanf("%f", &person.height);
printf("Name: %s\nAge: %d\nHeight: %.2f", person.name, person.age, person.height);
getch();
return 0;
}
15. Store student information and display it

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
struct Student {
int id;
char name[50];
float marks;
};

int main() {
struct Student student;
clrscr();
printf("Enter student ID: ");
scanf("%d", &student.id);
printf("Enter student name: ");
scanf("%s", student.name);
printf("Enter student marks: ");
scanf("%f", &student.marks);
printf("Student ID: %d\nName: %s\nMarks: %.2f", student.id, student.name, student.marks);
getch();
return 0;
}
16. Print the date, month, and year of a student’s Date of Birth using nested Structures

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
struct Date {
int day, month, year;
};

struct Student {
char name[50];
struct Date dob;
};

int main() {
struct Student student;
clrscr();
printf("Enter student name: ");
scanf("%s", student.name);
printf("Enter date of birth (day month year): ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &student.dob.day, &student.dob.month, &student.dob.year);
printf("Student Name: %s\nDate of Birth: %02d-%02d-%04d", student.name,
student.dob.day, student.dob.month, student.dob.year);
getch();
return 0;
}

17. Demonstrate the difference between structure and union

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
struct ExampleStruct {
int num;
char ch;
float dec;
};
union ExampleUnion {
int num;
char ch;
float dec;
};

int main() {
struct ExampleStruct s = {10, 'A', 3.14};
union ExampleUnion u;
clrscr();
u.num = 10;
u.ch = 'A';
u.dec = 3.14;
printf("Structure: num = %d, ch = %c, dec = %.2f\n", s.num, s.ch, s.dec);
printf("Union: num = %d, ch = %c, dec = %.2f\n", u.num, u.ch, u.dec);
getch();
return 0;
}
18. Open and Close a file

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
FILE *file;

file = fopen("file.txt", "w");

if (file != NULL) {
printf("File opened successfully.\n");
fclose(file);
printf("File closed successfully.");
} else {
printf("Failed to open the file.");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
19. Read 100 characters from a file

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
FILE *file;
char content[101];
clrscr();
file = fopen("file.txt", "r");
if (file != NULL) {
fgets(content, 100, file);
printf("Content read from file: %s", content);
fclose(file);
} else {
printf("Failed to open the file.");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
20. Write 100 characters to a file

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
FILE *file;
char content[101];
clrscr();
printf("Enter content to write to the file (max 100 characters): ");
fgets(content, 100, stdin);
file = fopen("file.txt", "w");
if (file != NULL) {
fputs(content, file);
printf("Content written to the file successfully.");
fclose(file);
} else {
printf("Failed to open the file.");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
21. Append 100 characters to a file

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
FILE *file;
char content[101];
clrscr();
printf("Enter content to append to the file (max 100 characters): ");
fgets(content, 100, stdin);
file = fopen("file.txt", "a");
if (file != NULL) {
fputs(content, file);
printf("Content appended to the file successfully.");
fclose(file);
} else {
printf("Failed to open the file.");
}
getch();
return 0;
}
22. Demonstrate basic string operations

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>

void strcap(char *str) {

if (str[0] >= 'a' && str[0] <= 'z') {
str[0] = str[0] - ('a' - 'A');
}
}

int main() {
char str1[100], str2[100], copiedStr1[100], copiedStr2[100];
int length, comparison;

clrscr();
printf("Enter the first string: ");
scanf("%s", str1);
printf("Enter the second string: ");
scanf("%s", str2);

strcpy(copiedStr1, str1);
strcpy(copiedStr2, str2);

strcap(copiedStr1);
strcap(copiedStr2);

length = strlen(copiedStr1);
comparison = strcmp(copiedStr1, copiedStr2);

printf("Original First String: %s\n", str1);

printf("Original Second String: %s\n", str2);
printf("Capitalized First String: %s\n", copiedStr1);
printf("Capitalized Second String: %s\n", copiedStr2);
printf("Length of the first string: %d\n", length);

if (comparison == 0) {
printf("The strings are equal.\n");
} else if (comparison < 0) {
printf("The first string is less than the second string.\n");
} else {
printf("The first string is greater than the second string.\n");
 }

strcat(copiedStr1, copiedStr2);
printf("Concatenated string: %s", copiedStr1);

getch();
return 0;
}