Scribd
Upload
10 views

Development Summary Notes

The document discusses the varying developmental goals of individuals and groups, emphasizing that what constitutes development can differ significantly among people, and may even conflict. It highlights the importance of income, public facilities, and non-material aspects such as security and happiness in assessing development. Additionally, it addresses the sustainability of development, warning against overuse of resources and the need for a collective approach to environmental issues.

Uploaded by

namandamani2009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views

Development Summary Notes

The document discusses the varying developmental goals of individuals and groups, emphasizing that what constitutes development can differ significantly among people, and may even conflict. It highlights the importance of income, public facilities, and non-material aspects such as security and happiness in assessing development. Additionally, it addresses the sustainability of development, warning against overuse of resources and the need for a collective approach to environmental issues.

Uploaded by

namandamani2009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

DEVELOPMENT

CHAPTER SUMMARY

WHAT DEVELOPMENT PROMISES – DIFFERENT PEOPLE, DIFFERENT GOALS:

1. People seek things that are most important for them, i.e., that which can fulfill their aspirations
or desires.
2. In fact, at times, two persons or groups of persons may seek things which are conflicting.
3. So two things are quite clear:
(i) Different persons can have different developmental goals.
(ii) What may be developed for one may not be developed for the other. It may even be
destructive for the other.

1. What people desire are regular work, better wages and decent price for their crops or other
products that they produce. In other words, they want more income.
2. People also seek things like equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect for others.
3. In some cases, these may be more important than more income or more consumption because
material goods are not all that you need to live.
different persons can have different developmental goals and two, what may be development for
one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other
Money, or material things that one can buy with it, is one factor on which our life depends. But
the quality of our life also depends on non-material things LIKE friendship,happiness,love,clean
environment ,security etc.
For development, people look at a mix of goals

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

1. It is very important to keep in mind that different persons could have different as well as
conflicting notions of a country’s development.
2. National development means thinking about fair and just path for all, whether there is a better
way of doing things.

HOW TO COMPARE DIFFERENT COUNTRIES OR STATES?

1. Usually, we take one or more important characteristics of persons and compare them
based on these characteristics.
2. For comparing countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important
attributes.
3. Countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income.
4. The income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country. This gives
us the total income of the country.
5. For comparison between countries, total income is not such useful measure.
6. Hence, we compare the average income which is the country divided by its total
population. The average income is also called per capita income.
7. In World Development Report brought out by the World Bank, Countries with per
capita income of USD 12736 per annum and above in 2013, are called rich countries and
those with per capita income of USD 1570 or less are called low-income countries.
9. India comes in the category of low middle-income countries because its per capita
income in 2013 was just US$1570 per income.( use data as per new pdf)

INCOME AND OTHER CRITERIA:

PUBLIC FACILITIES:

1. Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live
well.
2. Income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services
that citizens are able to use.
3. Normally, your money cannot buy the pollution-free environment or ensure that you
get unadulterated medicines unless you can afford to shift to a community that already
has all these things.
4. Money may also not be able to protect you from infectious disease unless the whole of
your community takes preventive steps.

Other Criteria

PDS – for food distribution to the poor section of society /low income group.

BMI- Indicates overall health condition .

UNDP( HDI – Criteria)

a) PPP B) Life expectancy at birth c) Mean years of schooling .( refer book for
definition)

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT – Development of an individual in such a way that he can able to


earn and fulfill his materialistic desire.

SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENTS:
1. Since the second half of the twentieth century, a number of scientists have been warning that
the present type, and levels, of development are not sustainable.
2. Resources are replenished by nature as in the case of crops and plants.
3. In the case of groundwater, if we use more than what is being replenished by rain then we
would be overusing this resources.
4. Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries; this
issue is no longer region or nation-specific.
5. Sustainability of developments comparatively a new area of knowledge in which scientists,
economists, philosophers and other social scientists are working together.
** Refer book case study * ground water uasage and crude oil deposits.

_____________________________________________________________________________

You might also like