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Additional Notes Basic and Functions

The document outlines basic programming concepts, including the definitions of parameters, arguments, and functions/methods. It describes four types of functions based on parameter passing and return values, and provides code examples for each type. Additionally, it presents a comprehensive program that integrates all function types to solve a practical problem involving calculating balance after a purchase.

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Siti Farhana
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5 views6 pages

Additional Notes Basic and Functions

The document outlines basic programming concepts, including the definitions of parameters, arguments, and functions/methods. It describes four types of functions based on parameter passing and return values, and provides code examples for each type. Additionally, it presents a comprehensive program that integrates all function types to solve a practical problem involving calculating balance after a purchase.

Uploaded by

Siti Farhana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADDITIONAL NOTES

BASIC PROGRAMMING KNOWLEDGE

parameter same meaning with argument

function same meaning with method

parameter/argument = variable that we used in coding

such as:

//data type = int, double, string,char, void,float...

//variable = created with any name without used reserve word/library word

= cannot start with number

= cannot include space or any special character

//example: int num1;

: double x;

: string y; and etc;

TYPES OF FUCNTION/METHOD OTHER THAN main METHOD

1. pass parameter & return value

= bagi/terima variable pulangkan nilai

2. pass parameter NOT return value

= bagi/terima variable tapi TIDAK pulangkan nilai

3. NOT pass parameter & NOT return value

= TIDAK menerima apa2 variable dan TIDAK juga pulangkan nilai

4. NOT pass parameter & return value

= TIDAK terima apa2 variable tetapi memulangkan nilai

**kesemua function di atas boleh digabungkan dalam satu coding


EXAMPLES:

Scenario/problem

Your mom ask you to buy a tin of sardin and 1kg flour. Then your mom give RM 50, how many
balance you get?

1. pass parameter & return value

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//declare function

double kira(double,double);

int main()

double total, baki, bayaran;

cout<<"Menu:";

cout<<"Sardin = RM 3.50";

cout<<"Flour = RM 2.55";

cout<<"Total: ";

total= 3.50+2.55;

cout<<"Total: "<<total;

cout<<"Payment: ";

cin >> bayaran;

baki = kira(total,bayaran);

cout<<”Balance: ”<<baki;

}//end main

double kira(double total, double bayaran)

double bal;

bal = bayaran - total;

return bal;

}
2. pass parameter NOT return value

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//declare function

void kira(double,double);

int main()

double total, bayaran;

cout<<"Menu:";

cout<<"Sardin = RM 3.50";

cout<<"Flour = RM 2.55";

cout<<"Total: ";

total= 3.50+2.55;

cout<<"Total: "<<total;

cout<<"Payment: ";

cin >> bayaran;

kira(total,bayaran);

}//end main

void kira(double total, double bayaran)

double bal;

bal = bayaran - total;

cout<<”Balance: ”<<bal;

}
3. NOT pass parameter NOT return value

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//declare function

void kira( );

int main()

cout<<"Menu:";

cout<<"Sardin = RM 3.50";

cout<<"Flour = RM 2.55";

kira( );

}//end main

void kira( )

double bal, bayaran, total;

cout<<"Total: ";

total= 3.50+2.55;

cout<<"Total: "<<total;

cout<<"Payment: ";

cin >> bayaran;

bal = bayaran - total;

cout<<”Balance: ”<<bal;

}
4. NOT pass parameter & return value

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//declare function

double kira( );

int main()

double baki;

cout<<"Menu:";

cout<<"Sardin = RM 3.50";

cout<<"Flour = RM 2.55";

baki = kira( );

cout<<”Balance: ”<<baki;

}//end main

double kira( )

double bal, bayaran, total;

cout<<"Total: ";

total= 3.50+2.55;

cout<<"Total: "<<total;

cout<<"Payment: ";

cin >> bayaran;

bal = bayaran - total;

return bal;

}
5. Used all types of function above in one full program/coding

1. #include <iostream>
2. using namespace std;

3. //declare functions
4. void display_menu( ); //NOT pass parameter NOT return value
5. double jumlah (double,double); //pass parameter & return value
6. double bayar( ); //NOT pass parameter & return value
7. void kira (double,double); //pass parameter NOT return value

8. int main()
9. {
10. display_menu();
11. }

12. void display_menu( )


13. {
14. double total1,total2,total,pay;
15. cout<<"Menu:\n";
16. cout<<"Sardin = RM 3.50\n";
17. cout<<"Flour = RM 2.55\n";
18. cout<<"Total 1: \n";
19. cin>>total1;
20. cout<<"Total 2: \n";
21. cin>>total2;
22. total= jumlah(total1, total2);
23. cout<<"TOTAL = \n"<< total;
24. cout<< "\nPayment: \n";
25. pay= bayar();
26.
27. kira (total,pay);
28. }

29. double jumlah (double total1,double total2)


30. {
31. double jum;
32. jum= total1+total2;
33. return jum;
34. }

35. double bayar( )


36. {
37. double bayaran;
38. cin >> bayaran;
39. return bayaran;
40. }

41. void kira(double total, double pay)


42. {
43. double bal=0;
44. bal = pay - total;
45. cout<<"Balance: \n"<< bal;
46. }

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