1.

1 INTRODUCTIONS Cloud computing is the provision of computer or IT infrastructure

through the Internet. That is the provisioning of shared resources, software, applications and
services over the internet to meet the elastic demand of the customer with minimum effort or
interaction with the service provider. India is one of the largest producers of foods, grains and
other products, but still agriculture and its production process are decentralized, unsophisticated
and outdated methods being followed by the farmers, together with several constraints of the
farmers and modernization is very slow. This results in an obvious gap between the supply and
demand chains of the agricultural products. This will have a negative impact on the farmer’s
economic conditions as well the national income of the country. This bottleneck can be
eliminated with the implementation of Cloud Computing facility in agricultural field. The
centralized location has to be set up to store all the relevant data. It can include various, Separate
databases Soil-related, weather-related, Research, Crop and Farmers-related data can all be
stored at a single location, and data availability can be achieved. This data can be accessed by the
end-users such as farmers, experts, consultants, researchers etc easily any time from any location
through the devices that are connected to the cloud system. Fig. 1 Agriculture cloud system
Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN
2222-2863 (Online) Vol.7, No.3, 2016 2 1.2 COMPUTING MODELS 1.2.1 Desktop Computing
This type of computing used in single PC Computing. This types of computing facility
applicable for personal, professional (Engineer, artist, authors, doctors, programmers) office and
publishing house. Fig.2 Desktop computing 1.2.2 Client server computing Client server
computing is a system that performs both the functions of client and server to promote the
sharing of information between them. A Client is any process that requests specific services from
the server process. A Server is a process that provides requested services for the Client. it allows
many users to have access to the same database at the same time, and the database will store
much information. Various types of server used in Clint service computing such as mail server,
file server, fax server, database server, web server. Example of client server System, File
transfer: This is the transmission of files between the client and server. It also allows storing of
files on the server. Files such as movies, images, music can be stored Fig.3 Clint server
Computing 1.2.3 Cluster computing In cluster computing, a group of similar computers is
hooked up locally to operate as a single compute. This facility utilized for load balance of
servers. Main advantages of this computer technology is distributed the load of server among the
each servers of computer.
Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN
2222-2863 (Online) Vol.7, No.3, 2016 3 Fig.4 Cluster computing 1.2.4 Grid Computing Grid
computing is the collection computers resources from multiple locations to reach a common
goal. Benefits of grid computing are Increase access to data and collaboration, join data and
distribute it globally, Support large multi-disciplinary collaboration, Workload balance, data
security etc. Main characteristics of grid computing listed in the below: • Grid coordinates
Resources that are not subjected to centralized control. • Grid use standard, open, general-
purpose protocols and interfaces. • Grid deliver high quality of Service Fig.5 Grid Computing.
1.2.5 Cloud Computing Cloud computing is the combination of cluster and grid computing. The
IT environment evolved from mainframes to client servers, the Internet, virtualization and cloud
computing. Cloud computing provides a shared pool of configurable IT resources (e.g.
processing, network, software, information and storage) on demand, as a scalable and elastic
service, through a networked infrastructure, on a measured (pay-per-use or subscription) basis,
which needs minimal management effort, is based on service level agreements between the
service provider and consumers, and often utilizes virtualization resources. Computer
Engineering and Intelligent Systems www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2863
(Online) Vol.7, No.3, 2016 4 Fig.6 Cloud Computing 2.0 CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUD
COMPUTING • On-demand self-service: A consumer can unilaterally provision computing
capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring
human interaction with each service provider. • Broad network access: Capabilities are available
over the network & accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous
thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations). • Rapid
elasticity: Cloud services can be rapidly and elastically provisioned, in some cases automatically,
to quickly scale out and rapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilities
available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at
any time. • Measured service: Pay per use-capabilities is charged using a metered, fee-for-
service, or advertising based billing model to promote optimization of resource use. Examples
are measuring the storage, bandwidth, & computing resources consumed and charging for the
number of active user accounts per month. • Resource pooling: The provider is computing
resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different
physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer
demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control
or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify
location at a higher level of virtuality (e.g., country, state, or data center). Examples of resources
include storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines. 3. 0
DEPLOYMENT MODEL OF CLOUD COMPUTING 3.1 Public cloud The cloud infrastructure
applications, storage, and other resources are made available to the public for free or on pay-per-
use model. It is owned by an organization selling cloud services. Example: Amazon, Google
Apps, Windows Azure etc. Some Important point for Public Cloud • Entirely hosted by External
Providers • Almost any customer can pay for resource on the cloud • Support is handling by the
provider. 3.2 Community cloud The cloud shares infrastructure for specific community with
common concerns (security, compliance, jurisdiction etc), whether managed internally or by a
third party and hosted internally or externally. 3.3 Hybrid cloud The cloud infrastructure is a
composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that re-main unique entities
but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and
application portability. Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems www.iiste.org ISSN
2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2863 (Online) Vol.7, No.3, 2016 5 3.4 Private cloud The cloud
infrastructure is operated solely for a single organization. It may be owned, managed and
operated by the organization or a third party, and may exist on-premises or off-premises Fig.7
Deployment models 4. MODEL OF CLOUD COMPUTING 4.1 SaaS (Software as a service)
model: Through this service delivery, model end users use the software application services
directly over network according to on-demand basis. In this type, service only required
administrator & cloud consultants. Example salesforce, drop box and Google applications such
as Email, Google drive, talk etc. 4.2 PaaS (Platform as a service) model: In the PaaS model,
cloud providers deliver a computing platform, typically including operating system,
programming language execution environment, database, and web server. This type service only
software developer required for deployment of software, Example Google application engine,
window Azure, force.com etc. 4.3 Infrastructure as a service (IaaS): In an IaaS model, resources
can easily be scaled up, depending upon the demand from the user, services being charged in a
pay-per use model. Network administrator & programmer required for Iaas services, Example
Amazon web service, IBM, HP etc. Fig.8 Cloud services model 5.0 ROLE OF CLOUD
COMPUTING IN AGRICULTURE FIELD (RURAL & HILLS) • Agriculture information data
bank (crop, weather, soil, growth progress, farmer data & expert consultation)
Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN
2222-2863 (Online) Vol.7, No.3, 2016 6 • Store all the agriculture related information in a
centralized cloud, which will be available to all the users at anytime, anywhere • Management of
all data related to land, location, area; soil and land characteristics through centralized decision
support systems • High integration & sharing of agricultural information • It can be eliminate the
farmer’s limitations of technical knowledge & resources • Providing agricultural technology
service & science • Improvement of the agricultural products marketing • Efficient use of
agricultural resources • Promote the circulation of agricultural product and service in wider level.
6. BENEFITS OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN AGRICULTURE • Data Readiness any time &
any where • Local and global communication • Improve economic condition of the Nation •
Enhanced the GDP of the nation • Ensure food security level • Motivation of farmers and
researchers • Reduction of technical issue • Rural-Urban movement • Data availability at any
time and at any location without delay • Improve market price of Food, seeds, other product 7.
CHALLENGE OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN AGRICULTURE • Maintenance & Supervision
by third party, So data security is less • Indirect administrator accountability • Farmer is
unknown for cloud computing technology • Less physical control • Attraction to hackers • Need
on the network connectivity • Requires a constant Internet connection • Platform facility is not
easily available for farmers • Farmers training necessary for this technology • Does not work
well with low-speed connections • it runs the risk of security 8. CONCLUSION This prominent
technique may deliver the agriculture-based knowledge along with management of natural
resources and knowledge directly to the consumers not only in a small region like in nonstop
marketing or shops but also in a wider region. This will change the whole supply chain, which is
mainly in the hand of large companies, now, but can change to a more direct, shorter chain
between producers and consumers. Cloud computing technology, applicable for the improvement
of agriculture growth, food, grain, product, economic condition, Ensure food safety, GDP of the
nation & circulate information related to agriculture etc. REFERENCES 1. Patel, R. & Patel, M.
(2013) "Application of Cloud Computing in Agricultural Development of Rural Indiaǁ",
International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 4, No.6, pp. 922-
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agriculture and prospects in other fields", Fujitsu Science and Technology Journal, Vol.46, No.4,
pp.446–454. 3. Kamath, S. and Chetan, A.A. (2011) Affordable, interactive crowd sourcing
platform for sustainable agriculture: Enabling public private partnerships. Cloud Computing
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application of cloud computing", International Journal of Information Technology and
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Zheng (2010) "A Summary of Research Progress on Cloud Computing", Application Research
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No. 1,40-43 9. S.K. Choudhary; R.S. Jadoun, ; Mandoria, H.L; Kumar, A. (2014) “Latest
development of cloud computing technology, characteristics, challenge, services &
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"Application of cloud computing to agriculture and prospects in other fields", Fujitsu Science
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“Developed the Inventory Management System for ERP Implementing in Manufacturing
Industry”, International organization of scientific Research Journal of Mechanical & Civil
Engineering Volume 11, Issue 6 Ver. VI (Nov- Dec. 2014), PP 19-29 13. Suman, R., Choudhary,
S.K., Preet, P., (2014) “Computer Govern Maintenance System for a Process Industry,”
Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems, IISTE, Vol. 5, No.3, pp.17-24. 14. Choudhary,
S. K., Suman, R., Gupta, N., (2014) “Designing the Process of Stores Management for
Implementing ERP in Manufacturing Organization: Case Study,” Industrial Engineering Letters,
International Institute of Science Technology & Education, Vol.4, No.3, pp.49-66. AUTHORS
BIOGRAPHIES Er. Sushil Kumar Choudhary is Doing Ph.D in the Department of Industrial &
Production Engineering, College of Technology, G.B Pant University of Agriculture &
Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India; He received his B.Tech degree in Mechanical
Engineering from UPTU, Lucknow, India, & M.Tech degree in Industrial & Production
Engineering from Integral University, Lucknow, India.. His publications include international
journal, conference more than 21 technical research papers and one book in the topic of ERP
implementation process for manufacturing industry. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing is a
trademark of: Omni Scriptum GmbH & Co. KG, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Email:[email protected] Dr. R.S Jadoun is Professor and Head of Industrial &
Production Engineering, Department, College of Technology, G.B. Pant University of
Agriculture &Technology, Pantnagar, since 2010. He has served the Government of Bihar
/Jharkhand as Dy. Collector. He has about 29 years of teaching, research and administrative
experience. He has published more than 36 research papers in journals of national and
international repute. His teaching & research area include manufacturing process, Production
system, computer integrated manufacturing, Unconventional machining process, welding,
Industrial Engineering etc. Email: [email protected] Dr. H. L. Mandoria is Professor and
Head, Department of Information Technology, College of Technology, G.B. Pant University of
Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. He receive B.Tech Degree from
GBPUAT, Pantnagar in 1991, M. Tech from MACT in 1997 and PhD from Maulana Azad
National Institute of Technology (MANIT), Bhopal in 2003. His teaching and research area
Computer Networks, Network Security, Wireless Communication, Mobile Computing,
Information Security, Information Communication Technology etc. He has published more than
65 research papers in journals of national and international repute. Email: E-
mail:[email protected]
Supplementary resource (1) 29194-31988-1-PB.pdfCLOUD AGRICULTURE DataApril 2016
Sushil Kumar Choudhary · R S Jadoun · Hardwari Lal Mandoria

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... Meanwhile, digital technology offers even more advanced solutions enabling the optimisation
of agricultural production. Cloud computing technology allows for information collection
through information platforms and data banks (Choudhary, Jadoun & Mandoriya, 2016),
provides new possibilities in remote sensing (Gokool, 2024), or creates space for interaction
between experts and agricultural producers. Aspects of the p