BATCH NO:399

DETECTION AND PREDICTION OF CROP DISEASE

USING MACHINE LEARNING

Community Service Project report submitted

in partial fulfillment of the requirement for award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science & Engineering

By

Y. PHANINDRA (23UECS0626) (VTU26650)

CH. SASI HARI TEJA (23UECS0115) (VTU25895)
K. SAI JEEVAN KUMAR (23UECS0288) (VTU25767)

Under the guidance of

Dr.E.SOPHIYA,M.E.,Ph.D.,
Associate Professor

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING

VEL TECH RANGARAJAN DR. SAGUNTHALA R&D INSTITUTE OF

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(Deemed to be University Estd u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)
Accredited by NAAC with A++ Grade
CHENNAI 600 062, TAMILNADU, INDIA

May, 2025
 BATCH NO:399
DETECTION AND PREDICTION OF CROP DISEASE
USING MACHINE LEARNING

Community Service Project report submitted

in partial fulfillment of the requirement for award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science & Engineering

By

Y. PHANINDRA (23UECS0626) (VTU26650)

CH. SASI HARI TEJA (23UECS0115) (VTU25895)
K. SAI JEEVAN KUMAR (23UECS0288) (VTU25767)

Under the guidance of

Dr. E. SOPHIYA.,M.E.,Ph.D.,
Associate Professor

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING

VEL TECH RANGARAJAN DR. SAGUNTHALA R&D INSTITUTE OF

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(Deemed to be University Estd u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)
Accredited by NAAC with A++ Grade
CHENNAI 600 062, TAMILNADU, INDIA

May 2025
 CERTIFICATE

It is certified that the work contained in the project report titled “DETECTION AND PREDICTION OF
CROP DISEASE USING MACHINE LEARNING” by “Y. PHANINDRA (23UECS0626), CH. SASI
HARI TEJA (23UECS0115), K. SAI JEEVAN KUMAR (23UECS0288)” has been carried out
under my supervision and that this work has not been submitted elsewhere for a degree.

Signature of Supervisior
Dr. E. SOPHIYA ,M.E.,Ph.D.,
Computer Science & Engineering
School of Computing
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D
Institute of Science and Technology
May, 2025

Signature of Head/Assistant Head of the Department Signature of the Dean

Dr. N. Vijayaraj/Dr. M. S. Murali dhar Dr. S P. Chokkalingam
Professor & Head/ Professor &Assistant Head Professor & Dean
Computer Science & Engineering School of Computing
School of Computing Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology May, 2025
May, 2025

i
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that we have completed the mandatory community service project in the stipulated
time period in Chintalapudi, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh 534460 under the guidance of our
project supervisor

Y. PHANINDRA
Date: / /

CH. SASI HARI TEJA

Date: / /

K. SAI JEEVAN KUMAR

Date: / /

ii
 APPROVAL SHEET

This project report entitled ” DETECTION AND PREDICTION OF CROP DISEASE USING MA-
CHINE LEARNING ” by ” Y. PHANINDRA (23UECS0626), CH. SASI HARI TEJA (23UECS0115),
K. SAI JEEVAN KUMAR (23UECS0288) ” is approved for the degree of B.Tech in Computer Sci-
ence & Engineering.

Examiners Supervisor

Dr. E. SOPHIYA,M.E.,Ph.D.,
Associate Professor..,

Date: / /
Place:

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our deepest gratitude to our Honorable Founder Chancellor and President Col. Prof.
Dr. R. RANGARAJAN B.E. (Electrical), B.E. (Mechanical), M.S (Automobile), D.Sc., and
Foundress President Dr. R. SAGUNTHALA RANGARAJAN M.B.B.S. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.
Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, for her blessings.

We express our sincere thanks to our respected Chairperson and Managing Trustee Mrs. RAN-
GARAJAN MAHALAKSHMI KISHORE,B.E., Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D
Institute of Science and Technology, for their blessings.

We are very much grateful to our beloved Vice Chancellor Prof. Dr.RAJAT GUPTA, for provid-
ing us with an environment to complete our project successfully.

We record indebtedness to our Professor & Dean, Department of Computer Science & Engi-
neering, School of Computing, Dr. S P. CHOKKALINGAM, M.Tech., Ph.D., & Associate Dean,
Dr. V. DHILIP KUMAR,M.E.,Ph.D., for immense care and encouragement towards us throughout
the course of this project.

We are thankful to our Professor & Head, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dr.
N. VIJAYARAJ, M.E., Ph.D., and Associate Professor & Assistant Head, Dr. M. S. MURALI
DHAR, M.E., Ph.D.,for providing immense support in all our endeavors.

We also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to our Internal Dr.E.
SOPHIYA.,M.E.,Ph.D., for her cordial support, valuable information and guidance, she helped us in
com- pleting this project through various stages.

A special thanks to our over all Project Coordinator Dr.M.SADISH SENDIL,B.E.,M.E.,PhD.

and Project Coordinators Mr.V.JAGANRAJA,B.Tech,M.E., Mr.V.ASHOK KUMAR,
B.E,M.Tech., for their valuable guidance and support throughout the course of the project.

We thank our department faculty, supporting staff and friends for their help and guidance to com-
plete this project.

Y. PHANINDRA (VTU26650)
CH. SASI HARI TEJA (VTU25895)
K. SAI JEEVAN KUMAR (VTU25767)

iv
 LIST OF FIGURES

2.2 Enter Caption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.3 Enter Caption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.4 image of chintalapudi from google map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.5 certificate from the chintalapudi gramapanchayat office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4.1 Google Form Survey ..........................................................................................................15

4.2 pie chart of survey analysis.................................................................................................15

v
 LIST OF TABLES
3.1 Activity Log-Day 1-5 .......................................................................................................... 4

3.2 Activity Log-Day 6-10 ................................................................................................................ 5

3.3 Activity Log-Day 11-15 .............................................................................................................. 6

3.4 Activity Log Week ..................................................................................................................... 8

vi
 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND
ABBREVIATIONS

AI – Artificial Intelligence
API – Application Programming Interface
AR – Augmented Reality
CMS – Content Management System
GPS – Global Positioning System
IoT – Internet of Things
OTA – Online Travel Agency
SEO – Search Engine Optimization
UX – User Experience
VR – Virtual Reality

vii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES v

LIST OF TABLES vi

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS vii

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

2 OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY 3

2.1 Certificate from the office of Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Survey Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 ACTIVITY LOG & OUTCOME 5

3.1 Project Activity Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2 Project Outcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 App Interface Summary .................................................................................................... 10

4 BACKGROUND SURVEY ANALYSIS FOR PROBLEM STATEMENT 12

4.1 Background Overview....................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Background Study............................................................................................................. 13
4.3 Survey Analysis with Report............................................................................................. 13
4.4 Key Findings..................................................................................................................... 16
4.5 Geotagged Photos and Details ........................................................................................... 18
4.6 Society Relevant Problem Identification............................................................................ 19
4.7 Development of Problem Solution .................................................................................... 19

5 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION 22

5.1 Recommendations ............................................................................................................. 22
5.2 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 22

6 REFERENCES 24
 Chapter 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The community service project focused on developing a machine learning-based system for the de-
tection and prediction of crop diseases to support farmers in improving agricultural productivity. The
agricultural community, facing challenges from crop diseases, lacked an efficient and accessible tool to
identify and predict diseases early. By creating a robust system using machine learning algorithms, the
project aimed to enhance crop health monitoring, reduce losses, and promote sustainable farming
practices. The system included features for image-based disease detection, predictive analytics, and
actionable recommendations, making it a valuable resource for farmers and agricultural stakehold- ers.
Throughout the project, various activities were undertaken, including data collection from local farms,
model training with machine learning techniques, and collaboration with agricultural experts. The
system was designed with a user-friendly interface and integrated with mobile platforms for broader
accessibility. Through this process, the students developed key skills such as data analysis, machine
learning model development, communication, and project management. The project resulted in several
learning outcomes. Data collection and preprocessing improved critical thinking and tech- nical
proficiency. Engaging with farmers and experts strengthened communication and networking skills.
The process of developing and testing the system enhanced problem-solving and technical ex- pertise.
Time management and organizational skills were developed through planning and executing the project.
Lastly, impact assessment and feedback collection ensured the system’s effectiveness and sustainability
for long-term use. This initiative not only benefited the agricultural community but also provided
valuable personal and professional growth opportunities.
Goals and Objectives: The primary goal of this project was to develop a machine learning-based
system for early detection and prediction of crop diseases to minimize agricultural losses and
promote sustainable farming. To achieve this, the project focused on five key objectives: collect-
ing and preprocessing agricultural data, developing accurate machine learning models for dis- ease
detection, integrating predictive analytics for disease forecasting, designing a user-friendly
interface for farmers, and evaluating the system’s effectiveness through field testing and farmer
feedback. These objectives were designed to be measurable, achievable, and aligned with the
mission of enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability.
Intended Impact : The intended impact of this project was to improve crop health management, reduce
economic losses for farmers, and promote sustainable agricultural practices by providing an
accessible tool for disease detection and prediction. By enabling early identification of crop
diseases, the project aimed to minimize yield losses, reduce pesticide overuse, and enhance food
security. Additionally, the system encouraged farmers to adopt technology-driven solutions, fos-
tering innovation in agriculture. Over time, this initiative sought to influence positive behavioral
changes, such as increased adoption of precision farming and improved disease management
practices. By making technology accessible, the project also aimed to inspire local policymakers
and agricultural organizations to invest in digital infrastructure and training programs to further
support farmers.

1
Beneficiaries : The primary beneficiaries of this project include farmers, agricultural organizations, and
the broader community. Farmers, particularly small-scale ones, will benefit from early dis- ease
detection and predictive insights, leading to reduced losses and increased yields. Agri- cultural
organizations, such as cooperatives and research institutions, will gain access to a tool that supports
data-driven decision-making and enhances crop monitoring efforts. The broader community,
including local economies and food supply chains, will benefit from improved agri- cultural
productivity and sustainability. By promoting technology adoption and reducing crop losses, this
project empowers farmers, strengthens local economies, and contributes to overall food security.
Social Issue : The social issue this project seeks to address is the significant economic and environ-
mental impact of crop diseases, which threaten agricultural productivity and food security. Many
farmers, especially in rural areas, lack access to efficient tools for early disease detection and
management, leading to substantial yield losses and increased pesticide use. This gap not only
affects farmers’ livelihoods but also contributes to environmental degradation and food insecu-
rity. By developing a machine learning-based system for crop disease detection and prediction, the
project aims to bridge this technology gap, enhance agricultural resilience, and support sus-
tainable farming practices. Improving disease management can lead to higher yields, reduced
environmental impact, and a stronger agricultural economy, ultimately contributing to a more
sustainable and food-secure society.

2
 Chapter 2

OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY

2.1 Certificate from the office of Community

The project titled “Detection and Prediction of Crop Disease Using Machine Learning” aims to
develop a user-friendly digital platform to assist farmers in identifying and predicting crop diseases in
Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. It will feature image-based disease detection, predictive analytics,
categorized disease information, and actionable recommendations. Using technologies like Python,
TensorFlow, OpenCV, and machine learning models such as CNNs, the platform will serve as a virtual
assistant for farmers to monitor crop health and take preventive measures. Data will be sourced from
local farms, agricultural research institutions, and open datasets, fostering community engagement and
supporting sustainable agriculture.

Figure 2.2: CERTIFICATE FROM PANCHAYAT CHINTALAPUDI

3
2.2 Survey Location

The primary survey location for the Crop Disease Detection project is Chintalapudi, a major
city in Andhra Pradesh, India, along with its surrounding areas such as Eluru, Vijayawada, and
Godavari .
Vijayawada, known for its agricultural significance, fertile lands, and diverse crop cultivation,
provides a rich environment for studying crop diseases. By surveying this region, the system aims
to offer detailed and up-to-date information on prevalent crop diseases, affected crops, and farmer
challenges.
The survey data collected will help identify:

• Common crop diseases and their symptoms

• Farmer practices and challenges in disease management

• Availability of agricultural resources and technology

• Farmer feedback to personalize system features

Figure 2.3: GOOGLE IMAGE OF COMMUNITY

4
 Chapter 3

ACTIVITY LOG & OUTCOME

3.1 Project Activity Log

ACTIVITY LOG-DAY 1-5

DAY BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DAILY LEARNING OUTCOME

ACTIVITY

DAY 1 Defined project scope, main features, and Understood how to plan a project system-
objectives. atically.

DAY 2 Conducted research on crop diseases and Improved research skills and data organi-
data sources. zation techniques.

DAY 3 Designed dataset structure and prepro- Learned data preprocessing and structur-
cessing pipeline. ing techniques.

DAY 4 Set up development environment (IDE, Gained hands-on experience in environ-

ML libraries, servers). ment setup for ML development.

DAY 5 Created initial ML model architecture and Enhanced skills in ML model planning
UI mockups. and UI/UX design.

Table 3.1 Activity Log-Day 1-5.

Summary of Activity Log (Day 1–5)

In the first five days of the project ”Detection and Prediction of Crop Disease Using Machine
Learning,” the project scope and key features such as image-based detection, predictive analytics, and

5
user recommendations were clearly defined. Extensive research was conducted to gather information on
crop diseases, which were systematically organized into categories like fungal, bacterial, and viral. The
dataset structure was designed with a preprocessing pipeline covering image augmentation and
normalization. The development environment was successfully set up with all necessary ML libraries
and servers, and an organized project structure was created. Finally, the initial ML model architecture
and UI mockups for the dashboard and detection interface were designed to guide the development
phase.

6
 ACTIVITY LOG-DAY 6-10

DATE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DAILY LEARNING OUTCOME

ACTIVITY

DAY 6 Collected and preprocessed image Practiced data augmentation and prepro-
datasets for training. cessing techniques.

DAY 7 Started model training with CNN for dis- Improved ML model training and hyper-
ease detection. parameter tuning skills.

DAY 8 Implemented predictive analytics for dis- Learned time-series analysis and predic-
ease forecasting. tive modeling.

DAY 9 Built front-end interface for disease de- Learned UI development and API integra-
tection and results. tion for ML models.

DAY 10 Developed farmer feedback and recom- Practiced backend logic and user input
mendation system. handling.

Table 3.2 Activity Log-Day 6-10.

Summary of Activity Log (Day 6–10)

In the project ”Detection and Prediction of Crop Disease Using Machine Learning,” the image datasets
were collected and preprocessed, laying the foundation for model training. Model training began
with a convolutional neural network (CNN) for detecting crop diseases from images. Predictive
analytics functionality was implemented to forecast potential disease outbreaks based on historical data.
The front-end interface was developed to display detection results and predictive insights. Additionally,
a farmer feedback and recommendation system was initiated, enabling users to sub- mit feedback
and receive actionable advice, with backend connectivity established to store data.

7
 ACTIVITY LOG-DAY 11-15

DATE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DAILY LEARNING OUTCOME

ACTIVITY

DAY 11 Integrated detection results with farmer Understood user-generated content man-
dashboard. agement.

DAY 12 Created ”High-Risk Crops” feature with Learned to write predictive queries and
predictive rankings. present sorted data.

DAY 13 Conducted system testing (accuracy, re- Learned ML model evaluation and system
sponsiveness testing). testing techniques.

DAY 14 Fixed bugs and enhanced UI (responsive Learned to improve user experience (UX)
design, visualizations). and fix interface issues.

DAY 15 Prepared documentation, project report, Developed skills in technical writing and
and final demo. presentation preparation.

Table 3.3 Activity Log-Day 11-15.

Summary of Activity Log (Day 11–15)

In the project ”Detection and Prediction of Crop Disease Using Machine Learning,” the disease de-
tection system was fully integrated with the farmer dashboard, allowing dynamic display of results and
recommendations. A ”High-Risk Crops” feature was added to highlight crops most susceptible to
diseases based on predictive analytics. Comprehensive system testing was conducted to ensure high
accuracy, responsiveness, and functionality across devices. Identified bugs and interface issues were
addressed to improve the overall user experience and design. Finally, project documentation, including
user manuals, technical reports, and a demo presentation, was prepared to conclude the development
phase and get ready for final submission.

8
3.2 Project Outcome

Detailed Report: Location: Chintalapudi, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh 534460 , India
- The primary focus was to develop a machine learning system for detecting and predicting crop
diseases to assist farmers in improving yield and sustainability. To gather reliable data, we re- viewed
agricultural research, local farm records, and open datasets. Each team member was assigned a specific
task, such as collecting crop disease data, developing ML models, and designing the user interface. The
goal was to ensure that the system would be accurate, user-friendly, and impactful for farmers. As
part of the development process, the team faced challenges in selecting the most relevant datasets and
optimizing model accuracy due to the complexity of crop disease patterns. To address this, we
categorized diseases based on their prevalence, symptoms, and impact on crops. Ad- ditionally,
discussions were held regarding the system’s interface and accessibility, ensuring it would be intuitive
for farmers with limited technical expertise. We also explored strategies for deploying the system on
mobile platforms to maximize accessibility. By the end of the week, we successfully compiled a dataset
and trained an initial ML model for disease detection. The next step involves engaging with farmers
and agricultural experts to collect firsthand insights and validate the system’s predictions. This
interaction will help refine our models and ensure the system meets the needs of the agricultural
community. Moving forward, we aim to conduct field tests and surveys to enhance the system’s
accuracy and usability. Additionally, the team discussed potential collaboration with agricultural
cooperatives and research institutions to enhance the system’s credibility and reach. We explored the
possibility of including features like real-time alerts, multilingual support, and integra- tion with IoT
devices for automated monitoring. This approach would not only make the system more effective but
also encourage farmer adoption and promote sustainable practices. Looking ahead, we plan to schedule
meetings with stakeholders and begin collecting field data to complement the sys- tem’s predictive
capabilities. By maintaining a structured workflow and clear objectives, we aim to create a reliable and
impactful tool for crop disease management.

9
3.3 App Interface Summary

The Crop Disease Detection app is designed to offer an intuitive and efficient user experience, en-
abling farmers to easily monitor and manage crop health. The interface is clean, visually appealing, and
organized into well-defined sections to ensure smooth navigation. Key components of the app interface
include:

Home Screen: A welcoming dashboard showcasing recent detections, high-risk crops, and agricul- tural
tips. Quick scan and analysis options are readily accessible.

Scan and Detection: Users can upload crop images for real-time disease detection. Results include
disease identification, severity, and recommended actions.

Predictive Analytics: A dedicated section displaying disease forecasts based on historical data, weather
patterns, and crop conditions.

Crop Details Page: Each crop has a dedicated page displaying disease history, preventive measures,
and user-submitted feedback.

Map View: A dynamic map showing nearby agricultural resources, such as testing labs and extension
services, with navigation support.

Saved Reports: Users can save detection reports and predictive insights for future reference and
planning.

User Profile: Personalized profiles where users can view saved reports, past detections, and tailored
recommendations based on their crops.

Notifications and Updates: Users receive alerts about potential disease outbreaks, new recommen-
dations, or important agricultural updates.

Settings and Help: Easy access to app settings, language options, customer support, and FAQs for a
seamless user experience.
The interface emphasizes simplicity, clear visualizations, and minimal steps to complete key actions

10
 Chapter 4

BACKGROUND SURVEY ANALYSIS FOR

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Information regarding the Socio-Economic Survey conducted in the Village/Habitation. Please

include the questionnaire developed for the survey. It refers to a comprehensive explanation of the
anticipated results, impacts, and changes that the project aims to achieve within the broader commu-
nity or society. It outlines the positive effects and contributions the project intends to make to address a
specific social issue, improve the well-being of individuals or groups, and create lasting benefits for the
community at large.
4.1 Background Overview

In today’s agricultural landscape, crop diseases pose a significant threat to productivity and sus-
tainability. Farmers often struggle to identify diseases early, leading to substantial yield losses and
increased pesticide use. Traditional methods of disease detection, such as manual inspection, are time-
consuming and prone to errors, particularly for small-scale farmers with limited resources.
To address this gap, the project aims to develop a machine learning-based system for the detection
and prediction of crop diseases — a centralized, user-friendly platform that offers accurate disease
identification and predictive insights. This system will serve farmers by providing real-time diagnos-
tics, actionable recommendations, and forecasts to prevent disease outbreaks.
By leveraging machine learning, image processing, and predictive analytics, the system will not only
improve crop health management but also promote sustainable farming practices, reduce eco- nomic
losses, and enhance food security. The system may incorporate features such as image-based
diagnostics, disease forecasting, multilingual support, and integration with IoT devices for automated
monitoring.

11
4.2 Background Study

The development of a crop disease detection system requires a comprehensive background study
to ensure accurate and reliable functionality. This project aims to address the challenges posed by
prevalent crop diseases that affect agricultural productivity. Understanding the characteristics of these
diseases involves researching their symptoms, causes, and impact on crops. By studying past agricul-
tural trends, farmer feedback, and existing disease management practices, we can identify key areas for
improvement and create a more effective system.

4.3 Survey Analysis with Report

To ensure the system accurately addresses farmer needs and prevalent crop diseases, a survey was
conducted among farmers, agricultural experts, and local stakeholders. The survey aimed to gather
insights on common diseases, current detection methods, and technological accessibility. Questions
focused on the most frequently encountered diseases, the effectiveness of existing tools, and sugges-
tions for improvement. Responses indicated that while some diseases are well-known, many farmers
lack access to early detection tools. Farmers expressed interest in a mobile-based solution with image
diagnostics and predictive insights.
4.2.1 Survey Questionnaire: 1. What types of crop diseases are most common in your region?
2. How important is early disease detection for your farming practices?
3. Do you currently use any technology for disease detection?
4. How do you usually identify crop diseases?
5. What time of year do you experience the most crop diseases?
6. How far in advance would you like to predict disease outbreaks?
7. How important is accessibility for farmers with limited technical skills?
8. What types of diseases are most challenging to manage?
9. How do you prefer to receive disease management recommendations?
10. Do you participate in agricultural training programs?
11. How do you feel about using mobile apps for farming?
12. What is your ideal timeframe for receiving disease alerts?
13. How much do you value predictive insights for disease prevention?
14. Do you prefer manual or automated disease detection methods?
15. How likely are you to adopt a new technology based on its ease of use?
16. Which crops are most affected by diseases in your area?
17. How important are recommendations from agricultural experts when adopting new tools?

12
18. What influences your decision to use a new agricultural technology the most?
19. Would you prefer a system with real-time alerts or periodic reports?
20. How important is it for a system to support multiple languages?

13
 Figure 4.1: Google Form Survey

Survey analysis and details collected from Chintalapudi, Andhra Pradesh google form survey. All
the details collected are analyzed and the data is taken from the pie charts. The analyzed data is taken
for developing the solution for the problem.

Figure 4.2: pie chart of survey analysis

14
4.4 Key Findings

Interest in Technology: 100% of respondents expressed interest in using technology for crop disease
management.
→ Indicates a strong willingness to adopt digital tools for farming.
Preference for Detection Methods:

• 53.8% prefer automated detection over manual inspection.

• 30.8% prefer manual inspection.

• 15.4% are flexible (both are acceptable). → Most farmers value automated tools, suggesting
that the system should focus on image-based diagnostics and ease of use.

Common Crop Diseases:

• 38.5% report fungal diseases as most prevalent.

• 30.8% report bacterial diseases.

• 23.1% report viral diseases.

• 7.7% report pest-related issues. → Focus should be on fungal and bacterial diseases while also
addressing viral infections.

How Diseases are Identified:

• 41.7% rely on visual inspection.

• 41.7% consult local agricultural experts.

• 16.7% use basic tools or apps. → Current methods are manual, highlighting the need for an
automated, reliable system.

Importance of Early Detection:

• 38.5% consider it Very Important.

• 46.2% find it Somewhat Important.

• 7.7% find it Not Important.

• 7.7% are only interested in preventive measures. → Early detection features will significantly
improve system adoption.

15
Preferred Disease Season:

• 46.2% experience diseases during monsoon.

• 30.8% during summer.

• 21.5% during winter.

• Very few during spring. → Major disease outbreaks occur in monsoon, so highlighting seasonal
disease patterns will add value.

16
4.5 Geotagged Photos and Details

17
4.6 Society Relevant Problem Identification

• One of the key societal problems identified in this project is the lack of accessible and effi-
cient tools for early crop disease detection, which limits agricultural productivity. Many diseases go
unnoticed until significant damage occurs, affecting farmers’ livelihoods and food security. Addition-
ally, inadequate access to technology, such as automated diagnostics, creates barriers for small-scale
farmers. A lack of predictive tools also makes it difficult for farmers to plan preventive measures
effectively. By addressing these issues, the system aims to enhance crop health, support farmers, and
promote sustainable agriculture.
• Lack of Detection Tools: Many farmers rely on manual inspection, which is inefficient and error-
prone.
• Limited Technological Access: Poor access to digital tools hinders small-scale farmers from adopt-
ing modern solutions.
• Low Disease Management: Without predictive insights, farmers struggle to prevent disease out-
breaks, reducing yields.
• Economic Impact: Crop losses due to diseases lead to financial strain for farmers and affect local
economies.
• Environmental Concerns: Delayed detection increases pesticide use, harming the environment and
sustainability.

4.7 Development of Problem Solution

To address the identified issues, the project focuses on developing a comprehensive and accessible
machine learning-based system for crop disease detection and prediction. The system will provide
image-based diagnostics, predictive analytics, and actionable recommendations, ensuring farmers can
identify and manage diseases early. Mobile and web platforms will be made available to cater to dif-
ferent user preferences, including multilingual support for accessibility. Additionally, collaborations
with agricultural cooperatives and research institutions will help validate the system and improve its
reach. By incorporating farmer feedback and ensuring usability, the system aims to enhance agricul-
tural productivity, reduce losses, and promote sustainable practices.

4.7.1 Analysis : The primary challenge in crop disease management is the lack of efficient and ac-
cessible detection tools, which leads to delayed interventions and significant losses. Many farmers rely
on manual methods, which are inadequate for large-scale or diverse crops. Additionally, limited

18
access to technology creates barriers for small-scale farmers, while the absence of predictive tools
hinders proactive disease management. Environmental concerns, such as excessive pesticide use, fur-
ther complicate the issue. Addressing these challenges requires a well-researched, technology-driven
approach that considers both farmer needs and agricultural trends.

4.7.2 General Solutions :Several potential solutions can address the identified problems. One ap-
proach is to develop a machine learning-based system that provides accurate disease diagnostics and
predictive insights. Mobile apps and web platforms can enhance accessibility and ensure real-time
updates. Collaborating with agricultural experts and cooperatives can improve system accuracy and
farmer adoption. Training programs and multilingual support can address technological barriers. Ad-
ditionally, gathering feedback from farmers can help refine the system and ensure it meets diverse needs.
These solutions collectively aim to improve disease management and agricultural sustainabil- ity.

4.7.3 Select Best Solutions: Among the proposed solutions, the most effective approach is to create
a machine learning-based system in both mobile and web formats, ensuring accessibility for a wide
audience. A mobile app with image diagnostics, predictive analytics, and multilingual support will
enhance user experience. Partnering with agricultural institutions can improve data accuracy and sys-
tem credibility, while targeted training programs can boost adoption. Engaging farmers in system testing
will ensure usability and inclusivity. These strategies offer a well-rounded solution that bal- ances
technological advancement, accessibility, and community involvement.

4.7.4 Develop an Action Plan :To implement the selected solutions, a step-by-step action plan will be
developed. The first phase involves collecting and preprocessing crop disease data, ensuring accuracy
and relevance. Next, a user-friendly mobile app and web platform will be designed, incorporating
diagnostics, predictions, and recommendations. Partnerships with agricultural cooperatives and ex-
perts will be established to support data validation and system promotion. Training programs will
be launched to educate farmers on system usage. Lastly, a feedback system will be implemented to
continuously improve the platform based on user experiences.

4.7.5 Implement Solutions: The implementation phase will involve executing each step of the ac- tion
plan in a structured manner. Data collection and model training will be prioritized, ensuring that disease
diagnostics are accurate and reliable. App development will include features like image di-

19
agnostics and real-time alerts. The web platform will be distributed through agricultural cooperatives
and extension services. Simultaneously, training workshops will be conducted to maximize farmer
adoption. Partnerships with stakeholders will help validate predictions and enhance system reach.

4.7.6 Evaluate and Iterate: Once implemented, the effectiveness of the system will be evaluated based
on user feedback, detection accuracy, and agricultural outcomes. Surveys and farmer ana- lytics will
help assess the system’s impact and identify areas for improvement. Regular updates to digital platforms
will ensure accuracy and relevance. Collaborations with agricultural boards and communities will
provide ongoing insights into emerging diseases and farmer needs. If necessary, modifications will be
made to enhance functionality, accessibility, and outreach efforts. Continuous evaluation and iteration
will ensure that the system remains a valuable resource for farmers and the agricultural community.

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 Chapter 5

RECOMMENDATIONS AND
CONCLUSION

5.1 Recommendations

5.1.1 Enhance Digital Accessibility: Develop a mobile-friendly app and web platform with im- age
diagnostics, predictive analytics, and multilingual support to provide farmers with easy access to disease
management tools.
5.1.2 Improve Training Programs: Collaborate with agricultural cooperatives to conduct workshops
and training sessions, ensuring farmers can effectively use the system.
5.1.3 Promote Farmer Engagement: Partner with local farmers and experts to validate system pre-
dictions and feature their feedback in the platform, boosting credibility and adoption.
5.1.4 Leverage IoT Integration: Explore integration with IoT devices for automated crop monitor- ing
and real-time disease alerts, enhancing system functionality.
5.1.5 Gather and Implement Feedback: Establish a system for collecting farmer reviews and sug-
gestions, allowing continuous updates and improvements to the platform based on real user experi-
ences.

5.2 Conclusion

This community service project has provided us with a unique opportunity to address real-world
challenges by improving crop disease management and supporting farmers. Identifying key issues such
as lack of efficient detection tools, limited technological access, and inadequate predictive in- sights, we
developed a comprehensive machine learning-based system to bridge these gaps. Through data
collection, model development, and digital integration, we aimed to create a user-friendly re- source that
benefits both farmers and agricultural stakeholders. This initiative demonstrates how structured efforts
can lead to meaningful and sustainable agricultural improvements. This project highlights the
importance of small, yet impactful contributions in driving positive change. Using technology, strategic
partnerships, and farmer involvement, we have improved crop health manage-

21
ment while fostering sustainable practices. The success of this initiative emphasizes that even simple
solutions, when executed effectively, can transform the way farmers manage crop diseases. This ex-
perience has also reinforced the importance of teamwork, adaptability, and continuous learning in
community-based projects. In conclusion, this community service project has showcased the power of
collective action to address agricultural challenges. By providing valuable tools, raising awareness, and
supporting sustainable farming, we have played a role in strengthening agricultural resilience and
economic opportunities. The project serves as a reminder that when individuals come together with a
shared vision, they can create long-lasting positive change. appendix

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 Chapter 6

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