Student Answer Sheet for

the Multiple-Choice Section

Use this section to capture student responses. (Note that the following
answer sheet is a sample, and may differ from one used in an actual exam.)
 AP Exam Label PAGE 1
AP Number Label
(from Student Pack) (from Section I Booklet)
Answer Sheet
2016 B123456789T
COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EVERY EXAM. USE NO. 2 PENCIL ONLY D. EXAM DATE E. EXAM G. ONLINE
F. MULTIPLE-CHOICE BOOKLET
To maintain the security of the exam and the validity of my AP score, I will allow no one else to see the multiple-choice questions. I will C. YOUR AP NUMBER START PROVIDER
seal the multiple-choice booklet when asked to do so, and I will not discuss these questions with anyone at any time after completing the Month Day TIME SERIAL NUMBER CODE
section. I am aware of and agree to the AP Program’s policies and procedures as outlined in the 2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and
Parents, including using testing accommodations (e.g., extended time, computer, etc.) only if I have been preapproved by College Board AM PM S
Services for Students with Disabilities.
Sign your legal name as it will appear on your college applications. Date
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
A. SIGNATURE
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
B. LEGAL NAME Omit apostrophes, Jr., II. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Legal Last Name — First 15 Letters Legal First Name — First 12 Letters MI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E
COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. K. DATE OF BIRTH
F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F I. AREA CODE AND
G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G PHONE NUMBER J. SCHOOL YOU ATTEND Month Day Year
SCHOOL CODE School Name
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Jan
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Feb 0 0 0 0
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mar 1 1 1 1
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Apr 2 2 2 2
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 May 3 3 3 3
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 City Jun 4 4 4
N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 Jul 5 5 5
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 State Aug 6 6 6
P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 Sep 7 7 7
Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 Oct 8 8 8
Country
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 Nov 9 9 9
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S INTERNATIONAL PHONE 9 9 9 9 9 9 Dec
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
M. COLLEGE TO RECEIVE YOUR
U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U N. CURRENT
L. SOCIAL SECURITY AP SCORE REPORT
GRADE LEVEL
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V NUMBER (Optional) COLLEGE CODE Using the college code listed
in the AP Student Pack,
indicate the ONE college Not yet in
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W 11th
that you want to receive 9th grade
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 your AP score report. 9th 12th
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 College Name 10th No longer in
high school
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

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TAKING USING THIS
ANSWER SHEET 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Would you like us to supply your information?
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Option 1 2 Option 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 providing your information.
PAGE 2
COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EACH EXAM (IF APPLICABLE).

P. SURVEY QUESTIONS — Answer the survey questions in the AP Student Pack. Do not put responses to exam questions in this section.

1 A B C D E F G H I 4 A B C D E F G H I 7 A B C D E F G H I

2 A B C D E F G H I 5 A B C D E F G H I 8 A B C D E F G H I

3 A B C D E F G H I 6 A B C D E F G H I 9 A B C D E F G H I

Q. LANGUAGE — Do not complete this section unless instructed to do so.

If this answer sheet is for the French Language and Culture, German Language and Culture, Italian Language and Culture, Spanish Language
and Culture, or Spanish Literature and Culture Exam, please answer the following questions. Your responses will not affect your score.
1. Have you lived or studied for one month or more in a country where the language of the 2. Do you regularly speak or hear the language at home?
exam you are now taking is spoken?

Yes No Yes No

QUESTIONS 1–75

Indicate your answers to the exam questions in this section (pages 2 and 3). Mark only one response per question
for Questions 1 through 120. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E. Answers written in
the multiple-choice booklet will not be scored.

A B C D You must use a No. 2 pencil and marks must be complete. Do not use a mechanical pencil. It
EXAMPLES OF
COMPLETE MARK is very important that you fill in the entire circle darkly and completely. If you change your response,
INCOMPLETE MARKS A B C D erase as completely as possible. Incomplete marks or erasures may affect your score.

1 A B C D E 26 A B C D E 51 A B C D E
2 A B C D E 27 A B C D E 52 A B C D E
3 A B C D E 28 A B C D E 53 A B C D E
4 A B C D E 29 A B C D E 54 A B C D E
5 A B C D E 30 A B C D E 55 A B C D E
6 A B C D E 31 A B C D E 56 A B C D E
7 A B C D E 32 A B C D E 57 A B C D E
8 A B C D E 33 A B C D E 58 A B C D E
9 A B C D E 34 A B C D E 59 A B C D E
10 A B C D E 35 A B C D E 60 A B C D E
11 A B C D E 36 A B C D E 61 A B C D E
12 A B C D E 37 A B C D E 62 A B C D E
13 A B C D E 38 A B C D E 63 A B C D E
14 A B C D E 39 A B C D E 64 A B C D E
15 A B C D E 40 A B C D E 65 A B C D E
16 A B C D E 41 A B C D E 66 A B C D E
17 A B C D E 42 A B C D E 67 A B C D E
18 A B C D E 43 A B C D E 68 A B C D E
19 A B C D E 44 A B C D E 69 A B C D E
20 A B C D E 45 A B C D E 70 A B C D E
21 A B C D E 46 A B C D E 71 A B C D E
22 A B C D E 47 A B C D E 72 A B C D E
23 A B C D E 48 A B C D E 73 A B C D E
24 A B C D E 49 A B C D E 74 A B C D E
25 A B C D E 50 A B C D E 75 A B C D E

ETS USE ONLY

R W O R W O
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECTED MEDIA EXAMS OTHER EXAMS
Exam
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PT02 TOTAL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Exam PT03 Subscore (if applicable)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PT04 Subscore (if applicable)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

 PAGE 3
QUESTIONS 76–120

Be sure each mark is dark and completely fills the circle. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E.

76 A B C D E 91 A B C D E 106 A B C D E
77 A B C D E 92 A B C D E 107 A B C D E
78 A B C D E 93 A B C D E 108 A B C D E
79 A B C D E 94 A B C D E 109 A B C D E
80 A B C D E 95 A B C D E 110 A B C D E
81 A B C D E 96 A B C D E 111 A B C D E
82 A B C D E 97 A B C D E 112 A B C D E
83 A B C D E 98 A B C D E 113 A B C D E
84 A B C D E 99 A B C D E 114 A B C D E
85 A B C D E 100 A B C D E 115 A B C D E
86 A B C D E 101 A B C D E 116 A B C D E
87 A B C D E 102 A B C D E 117 A B C D E
88 A B C D E 103 A B C D E 118 A B C D E
89 A B C D E 104 A B C D E 119 A B C D E
90 A B C D E 105 A B C D E 120 A B C D E

QUESTIONS 121–126

For Students Taking AP Biology

Write your answer in the boxes at the top of the griddable area and fill in the corresponding circles.
Mark only one circle in any column. You will receive credit only if the circles are filled in correctly.

121 122 123 124 125 126

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

– . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . .

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

QUESTIONS 131–142

For Students Taking AP Physics 1 or AP Physics 2

Mark two responses per question. You will receive credit only if both correct responses are selected.

131 A B C D 135 A B C D 139 A B C D

132 A B C D 136 A B C D 140 A B C D
133 A B C D 137 A B C D 141 A B C D
134 A B C D 138 A B C D 142 A B C D

© 2015 The College Board. College Board, AP, Student Search Service and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

 COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. PAGE 4
R. YOUR MAILING ADDRESS Use the address abbreviations from your AP Student Pack. Fill in only one circle per column. Indicate a space in your address by leaving a blank box; do not grid that column. V. SEX
COUNTRY
STREET ADDRESS (include street number, street name, apartment number, etc.) CITY ZIP OR POSTAL CODE CODE Female Male

W. WHICH LANGUAGE DO YOU

A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 0 0 0 KNOW BEST?
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B 1 1 1 English
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C 2 2 2 English and another language
about the same
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 3 3 3 Another language

E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E 4 4 4

F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 5 5 5 X. RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP

G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 6 6 6 Please answer both questions about

Hispanic origin and about race. For the
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 7 7 7
following questions about your identity,
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 8 8 8 Hispanic origins are not races.

J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 9 9 9
(You may mark all that apply.)
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K
a. Are you of b. What is your race?
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L Hispanic,
Latino, or
American Indian or
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Spanish origin? Alaska Native
N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N No, not of Asian (including Indian
Hispanic, Latino, subcontinent and
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O or Spanish origin Philippines origin)

P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Yes, Cuban Black or African American

(including Africa and
Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Yes, Mexican Afro-Caribbean origin)

R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R Yes, Puerto Rican Native Hawaiian or other

Pacific Islander
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Yes, another White (including Middle
Hispanic, Latino, Eastern origin)
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T or Spanish origin

U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V Y. PARENTAL EDUCATION LEVEL
In the first column, indicate the highest level of education of
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
one parent/guardian, and indicate whether this is your mother/
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X female guardian or father/male guardian. Then, if applicable,
indicate the highest level of education of your other parent/
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y guardian in the second column, and indicate whether this is
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z your mother/female guardian or father/male guardian.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 STATE MI NY VT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother or female guardian

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 AK HI MN OH WA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Father or male guardian

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 AL IA MO OK WI 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Grade school

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 AR ID MS OR WV 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Some high school

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 AZ IL MT PA WY 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 High school diploma or equivalent

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 CA IN NC RI Puerto 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Vocational or trade school

Rico
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 CO KS ND SC 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Some college

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 CT KY NE SD AA 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Associate or two-year degree

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 DC LA NH TN AE 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Bachelor’s or four-year degree

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 DE MA NJ TX AP 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Some graduate or professional school

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / FL MD NM UT Other / / / / / / / Graduate or professional degree

GA ME NV VA T. STUDENT IDENTIFIER (Student ID Number)
S. FOR STUDENTS OUTSIDE If your address does not fit in the spaces provided in Item R, fill in as
THE UNITED STATES ONLY many circles as you can, then fill in the circle in Item S and print the remainder of your address in the spaces provided.
Address City State or Province Country ZIP or Postal Code

By providing your email address, you are granting the College Board
U. EMAIL ADDRESS permission to use your email in accordance with the policies in the
2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents.
Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions

This is the multiple-choice section of the 2016 AP exam.

It includes cover material and other administrative instructions
to help familiarize students with the mechanics of the exam.
(Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.)
 ®
AP Physics C: Mechanics Exam
SECTION I: Multiple Choice 2016
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Instructions
At a Glance
Section I of this exam contains 35 multiple-choice questions. For these questions, fill in
Total Time only the circles for numbers 1 through 35 on your answer sheet. A table of information
45 minutes and lists of equations that may be helpful are in the booklet. Calculators, rulers and
Number of Questions straightedges may be used in this section.
35
Percent of Total Score Indicate all of your answers to the multiple-choice questions on the answer sheet. No
50% credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but you may use the booklet
Writing Instrument for notes or scratch work. After you have decided which of the suggested answers is best,
Pencil required completely fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet. Give only one answer to
Electronic Device each question. If you change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased
Calculator allowed completely. Here is a sample question and answer.

Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not
spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to
the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will
know the answers to all of the multiple-choice questions.
Your total score on the multiple-choice section is based only on the number of questions
answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers or unanswered
questions.

Form I
Form Code 4MBP4-S

80
 ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C TABLE OF INFORMATION
CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
Proton mass, m p = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg Electron charge magnitude, e = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 C
Neutron mass, mn = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg 1 electron volt, 1 eV = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 J
Electron mass, me = 9.11 ¥ 10 -31 kg Speed of light, c = 3.00 ¥ 108 m s
Avogadro’s number, N 0 = 6.02 ¥ 10 23 mol -1
Universal gravitational
constant,
G = 6.67 ¥ 10 -11 Nm 2 ( ) kg 2

R = 8.31 J (mol K) Acceleration due to gravity

Universal gas constant,
at Earth’s surface, g = 9.8 m s2
Boltzmann’s constant, k B = 1.38 ¥ 10 -23 J K
1 unified atomic mass unit, 1 u = 1.66 ¥ 10 -27 kg = 931 MeV c 2
Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 ¥ 10 -34 J s = 4.14 ¥ 10 -15 eV s
hc = 1.99 ¥ 10 -25 J m = 1.24 ¥ 103 eV  nm
Vacuum permittivity, e0 = 8.85 ¥ 10 -12 C2 N  m 2 ( )
Coulomb’s law constant, k = 1 ( 4 pe0 ) = 9.0 ¥ 10 N m
9 2
( ) C2
Vacuum permeability, m0 = 4 p ¥ 10 -7 (T m) A
Magnetic constant, k ¢ = m0 ( 4 p ) = 1 ¥ 10 -7 (T m) A
1 atmosphere pressure, 1 atm = 1.0 ¥ 105 N m 2 = 1.0 ¥ 105 Pa

meter, m mole, mol watt, W farad, F

kilogram, kg hertz, Hz coulomb, C tesla, T
UNIT second, s newton, N volt, V degree Celsius, ∞C
SYMBOLS
ampere, A pascal, Pa ohm, W electron volt, eV
kelvin, K joule, J henry, H

PREFIXES VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES


Factor Prefix Symbol q 0 30 37 45 53 60 90
109 giga G sin q 0 12 35 2 2 45 3 2 1
106 mega M cos q 1 3 2 45 2 2 35 12 0
103 kilo k tan q 0 3 3 34 1 43 3 •
10 -2 centi c
10 -3 milli m The following assumptions are used in this exam.
-6 micro m I. The frame of reference of any problem is inertial unless otherwise
10
stated.
10 -9 nano n II. The direction of current is the direction in which positive charges
10 -12 pico p would drift.
III. The electric potential is zero at an infinite distance from an isolated
point charge.
IV. All batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.
V. Edge effects for the electric field of a parallel plate capacitor are
negligible unless otherwise stated.

-3-
 ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS
MECHANICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
Ãx = Ãx 0 + a x t a = acceleration 1 q1q2 A = area
E= energy FE = B = magnetic field
1 2 4pe0 r 2
x = x0 + Ãx 0 t + at F = force C = capacitance
2 x
f = frequency FE d = distance
Ãx2 = Ãx 0 2 + 2 a x ( x - x0 ) E =
h = height q E = electric field
I = rotational inertia e = emf
a=
 F = Fnet   Q
Ú
J = impulse E  dA= F = force
m m e0
K = kinetic energy I = current
dp k = spring constant J = current density
F = dV
dt = length Ex = - L = inductance
L = angular momentum dx  = length
 
J = Ú F dt = 'p m=
P =
mass
power
'V = - Ú E dr
n = number of loops of wire
per unit length
p = mv p = momentum N = number of charge carriers
q
r = radius or distance V =
1
4pe0 Â rii P =
per unit volume
power
i
F f £ m FN T = period
t = time Q = charge
1 q1q2
 UE = qV = q = point charge
Ú F dr
U= potential energy
'E = W = 4pe0 r R = resistance
v = velocity or speed
1 2 W= work done on a system r = radius or distance
K = mà Q
2 x = position 'V = t = time
C
m = coefficient of friction U = potential or stored energy
dE k e0 A V= electric potential
P= q = angle C =
dt d
t = torque v = velocity or speed
  w = angular speed r = resistivity
P = F v Cp = Â Ci
a = angular acceleration i ) = flux
'Ug = mg 'h f = phase angle k = dielectric constant
1 1
=Â FM = qv ¥ B
Fs = - k ' x Cs C
i i
Ã2
ac = = w2r
r
Us =
1
2
k ( 'x )
2
I =
dQ Ú Bid = m0 I
dt
t = r¥F
x = xmax cos( wt + f) m0 I d ¥ r
1 1 dB =
Ât t UC = Q'V = C ( 'V )2 4p r 2
a = = net 2p 1 2 2
I I T = = r
w f R=
A
F = ÚI d ¥B
I = Ú r dm = Â mr
2 2
m Bs = m0 nI
Ts = 2 p E = rJ
k
 mi xi
xcm =
 mi Tp = 2p
I = Nevd A )B = Ú B dA
g
à = rw 'V d )B
Gm1m2
I =
R
e = Ú E id =-
dt
FG =
L = r ¥ p = Iw r2
Rs = Â Ri e = -L
dI
Gm1m2 i dt
K =
1 2
Iw UG = -
2 r 1 1 1 2
Rp
= ÂR UL =
2
LI
i i
w = w0 + at

1 2 P = I 'V
q = q0 + w0 t + at
2

-4-
 ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS

GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY CALCULUS

Rectangle A = area df d f du
=
A = bh C = circumference dx du dx
V = volume
Triangle
S = surface area
d n
dx
( x ) = nxn -1
1
A= bh b = base

Circle
2 h = height
dx
(e ) = aeax
d ax
 = length
d
A = pr2 w = width
(ln ax ) = 1
r = radius dx x
C = 2p r
s = arc length d
s = rq q = angle dx
[sin (ax )] = a cos (ax)
Rectangular Solid
d
V = wh dx
[cos (ax )] = - a sin (ax)
Cylinder s
1 n +1
Úx
n
r dx = x , n π -1
V = pr 2 n +1
q
1 ax
Úe
ax
S = 2p r + 2p r 2
dx = e
a
Sphere
dx
4
V = pr3
Úx+a = ln x + a
3
1
S = 4p r 2 Ú cos (ax) dx = a sin (ax)
1
Right Triangle Ú sin (ax) dx = - a cos (ax)
a 2 + b2 = c2
VECTOR PRODUCTS
a  
sin q =
c A B = AB cosq
c
cos q =
b a A ¥ B = AB sin q
c q 90°
b
a
tan q =
b

-5-
 AP PHYSICS C: MECHANICS

1. A small particle starts from rest from the origin of an xy-coordinate system and travels in the xy-plane. Its
acceleration in the x-direction is 2.0 m/s2 , and its acceleration in the y-direction is 1.0 m/s2 . What is the
x-coordinate of the particle when its y-coordinate is 12 m?
(A) 3.0 m
(B) 6.0 m
(C) 12 m
(D) 24 m
(E) 48 m

2.

The graph of a single conservative force exerted on an object as a function of the

position of the object is shown. What is the work done on the object when it moves from to
under the influence of only this force?
(A)
(B)
(C) Zero
(D)
(E)

3. A wheel with rotational inertia 0.04 kg•m2 and radius 0.02 m is turning at the rate of 10 revolutions per second
when a frictional torque is applied to stop it. How much work is done by the torque in stopping the wheel?
(A) –0.0008 J
(B) –0.4π J
(C) –2 J
(D) –2π2 J
(E) –8π2 J

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 1 of 20

4. For a particular nonlinear spring, the relationship between the magnitude of the applied force F and the resultant
displacement x from equilibrium is given by the equation F = kx2. What is the amount of work done by stretching
the spring a distance x0?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

5.

The graph above shows the force of gravity on a small mass as a function of its distance R from the center of the
Earth of radius Re, if the Earth is assumed to have a uniform density. The work done by the force of gravity when
the small mass approaches Earth from far away and is placed into a circular orbit of radius R2 is best represented by
the area under the curve between
(A) R = 0 and R = Re
(B) R = 0 and R = R2
(C) R = Re and R = R2
(D) R = Re and R = ∞
(E) R = R2 and R = ∞

Page 2 of 20 AP Physics C: Mechanics

6.

A block is moving on a surface that is inclined at an angle above the horizontal, as shown in the figure. The graph
shown represents the gravitational potential energy of the block-Earth system as a function of the position
along the incline. The time period depicted in the graph is the time during which the block slides up the surface,
comes to a stop, and then slides back down. Which of the following graphs shows the work done by the
gravitational force during the same time period?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 3 of 20

7.

Two stones, represented in the figure above, are thrown from the same height with the same initial speed. Stone
is thrown vertically downward and stone is thrown horizontally. If the stones are thrown at the same time and air
resistance is negligible, which of the following is true?
(A) The two stones will reach the ground at the same time with the same speed.
(B) The two stones will reach the ground at the same time but with different speeds.
(C) Stone will reach the ground first, but stone will have the greater speed just before hitting the ground.
Stone will reach the ground first, but the two stones will have the same speed just before they hit the
(D)
ground.
(E) Stone will reach the ground first, and will have the greater speed just before hitting the ground.

8.

At time , the wheel shown in the diagram has clockwise rotation with an angular speed of . The
center of mass of the wheel is initially moving to the right at . The wheel rolls on a flat rough surface and has
a radius of . Which of the following is correct about the type of motion, the angular speed, and the linear
speed of the wheel at time ?

The type of motion is rolling with slipping, the angular speed remains the same, and the linear speed is
(A)
decreasing.
The type of motion is rolling with slipping, the angular speed is decreasing, and the linear speed is
(B)
increasing.
The type of motion is rolling with slipping, the angular speed is decreasing, and the linear speed is
(C)
decreasing.
The type of motion is rolling without slipping, the angular speed is increasing, and the linear speed is
(D)
increasing.
The type of motion is rolling without slipping, the angular speed is decreasing, and the linear speed is
(E)
decreasing.

Page 4 of 20 AP Physics C: Mechanics

9. A satellite is orbiting Earth at an altitude of one-half Earth’s radius. If the weight of the satellite while in orbit is
, what is the weight of the satellite on Earth’s surface?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

10. Two people are initially standing still on frictionless ice. They push on each other so that one person, of mass 120
kg, moves to the left at 2 m/s, while the other person, of mass 80 kg, moves to the right at 3 m/s. What is the
velocity of their center of mass?
(A) Zero
(B) 0.5 m/s to the left
(C) 1 m/s to the right
(D) 2.4 m/s to the left
(E) 2.5 m/s to the right

11.

A ball initially moves horizontally with velocity vi , as shown above. It is then struck by a stick. After leaving the
stick, the ball moves vertically with a velocity v𝑓 , which is smaller in magnitude than vi . Which of the following
vectors best represents the direction of the average force that the stick exerts on the ball?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 5 of 20

12.

The graph shown above represents the displacement as a function of time for an object with mass attached
to an ideal spring. The spring has been stretched and released at time zero, allowing the object to oscillate about its
equilibrium position. Calculate the total mechanical energy of this system.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

13. The velocity v in meters per second of an object moving in a straight line is given as a function of time t in seconds
by v = 4t3 + 2t. The total distance the object travels between t = 1 s and t = 2 s is

(A) 12 m
(B) 18 m
(C) 24 m
(D) 30 m
(E) 36 m

14. One end of a string is fixed. An object attached to the other end moves on a horizontal plane with uniform circular
motion of radius R and frequency f. The tension in the string is Fs . If both the radius and frequency are doubled, the
tension is
(A) Fs
(B) Fs
(C) 2Fs
(D) 4Fs
(E) 8Fs

Page 6 of 20 AP Physics C: Mechanics

15.

A clay sphere is traveling horizontally with speed when it strikes a rod of length that is suspended from one end
and has a rotational inertia of about its pivot point, as shown above. The clay sphere sticks to the rod,
which begins to swing about the pivot. If both objects have mass , the initial angular speed of the sphere-rod
system just after the collision is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 7 of 20

16.

A block of mass is attached to an ideal spring with a spring constant of , as shown in the figure. The block is set
into oscillatory motion by being pulled back a distance and released from rest. The block is sliding on a surface
of negligible friction. What is the displacement of the block from equilibrium when the elastic potential energy of
the spring-block system is equal to the kinetic energy of the block?
(A)
(B)
(C)

(D)

(E)

17.

A conservative force has the potential energy function U ( x ), shown by the graph above. A particle moving in one
dimension under the influence of this force has kinetic energy 1.0 joule when it is at position x1. Which of the
following is a correct statement about the motion of the particle?
(A) It oscillates with maximum position x2 and minimum position x0.
(B) It moves to the right of x3 and does not return.
(C) It moves to the left of x0 and does not return.
(D) It comes to rest at either x0 or x2.
(E) It cannot reach either x0 or x2.

Page 8 of 20 AP Physics C: Mechanics

A sphere of mass M, radius r, and rotational inertia I is released from rest at the top of an inclined plane of height h as
shown above.

18. If the plane has friction so that the sphere rolls without slipping, what is the speed vcm of the center of mass at the
bottom of the incline?
(A)
(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

19.

As shown in the figure above, a child of mass 20 kg who is running at a speed of 4.0 m/s jumps onto a stationary
sled of mass 5.0 kg on a frozen lake. The speed at which the child and sled begin to slide across the ice is most
nearly
(A) 0.20 m/s
(B) 0.80 m/s
(C) 1.2 m/s
(D) 3.2 m/s
(E) 16 m/s

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 9 of 20

20. In an experiment, an object is released from rest from the top of a building. Its speed v is measured as it reaches a
point that is a distance d from the point of release. If this distance was doubled, what would the new speed be,
assuming air resistance is negligible?
(A) v
(B) v
(C) 2v
(D) 4v
(E) 8v

21.

Planet X has a mass M, radius R, and no atmosphere. An object of mass m is located a distance 2R above the surface
of planet X, as shown in the figure above. The object is released from rest and falls to the surface of the planet.
What is the speed of the object just before it reaches the surface of planet X?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

Page 10 of AP Physics C: Mechanics

20
22.

The graph shows the velocity as a function of time for an object undergoing simple harmonic motion in the
-direction. Which of the following expressions correctly represents the position , in meters, of the object as a
function of time ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

23.

A simple pendulum is made of a sphere of unknown mass tied to a long string of negligible mass, as shown. The
sphere is released from rest from an initial height and allowed to swing down freely. The sphere strikes a stationary
block of known mass at the bottom of the sphere’s swing. After the collision, the sphere immediately comes to rest
and the block moves to the right along a track of negligible friction that curves upward. The block travels along the
track before momentarily coming to rest. Which of the following sets of measurements can be used to determine the
mass of the sphere?
(A) The change in height of the sphere and the speed of the sphere just before the sphere strikes the block
The speed of the block immediately after the collision and the change in height of the block when the block
(B)
momentarily comes to rest
The change in height of the sphere and the change in height of the block when the block momentarily comes
(C)
to rest
(D) The length of the pendulum and the speed of the block immediately after the collision
(E) The length of the pendulum and the speed of the sphere just before the sphere strikes the block

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 11 of 20

24.

A car moving to the right at collides with a stationary truck. Which of the following
graphs could represent the force as a function of time for both the car and the truck during the collision?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

Page 12 of AP Physics C: Mechanics

20
25.

The graph above shows the power output as a function of time for a pump motor. The work done by the motor
during the time interval to is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

26.

An object of mass initially hangs from a rod of length and negligible mass that can pivot freely in the vertical
plane, as shown in the figure above. A projectile of mass is moving to the right at speed when it strikes the
hanging object and then drops straight down. The hanging object then swings upward and comes to rest at the top of
a half circle as shown. What is the initial speed of the projectile ?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 13 of 20

27. An airplane travels horizontally at a constant velocity . An object is dropped from the plane, and one second later
another object is dropped from the plane. If air resistance is negligible, what happens to the vertical distance
between the two objects while they are both falling?
(A) It increases.
(B) It decreases.
(C) It remains the same.
(D) It depends on the mass of the objects.
(E) It depends on the horizontal speed of the plane.

A toy car of mass 6 kg, moving in a straight path, experiences a net force given by the function F = −3t. At time t = 0, the
car has a velocity of 4 m/s in the positive direction and is located +8 m from the origin.

28. The car will come instantaneously to rest at time t equal to

29. A small sphere is launched horizontally with a speed toward a target a horizontal distance away. The sphere
lands on the target that is at height below the height from which the sphere was launched. If the sphere were
launched again, but with a speed , how high above the target would the sphere have to be launched horizontally
to hit the same target, still a horizontal distance away?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

Page 14 of AP Physics C: Mechanics

20
30. A block of mass on a horizontal table is attached by a string that passes over a pulley to a suspended block of
mass , as shown. All frictional forces are negligible, and the string and pulley have negligible mass. A student
investigates the acceleration of the suspended block for different mass ratios when the system is released from
rest, where the positive direction is defined as shown. Which of the following statements is a correct prediction for
the relationship between and ?

(A) for all values of

(B) if
(C) if
(D) if
(E) if

31.

A cart is moving to the right with a constant speed of 20 m s. A box of mass 80 kg moves with the cart without
slipping. The coefficient of static friction between the box and cart is 0.30, and the coefficient of kinetic friction
between the box and cart is 0.15. What are the magnitude and direction of the frictional force acting on the box as it
moves with the cart?
(A) Zero
(B) 120 N to the right
(C) 120 N to the left
(D) 240 N to the right
(E) 240 N to the left

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 15 of 20

32.

Cylinders of various masses are individually hung on a spring of spring constant and set into simple harmonic
motion. The angular frequency ω is determined. Then, the square of ω is plotted as a function of the inverse of the
cylinder weight, as shown in the graph. Which of the following correctly determines the spring constant and
provides correct justification?
(A) , because the slope of the best-fit line is equal to .
(B) , because the slope of the best-fit line is equal to .
(C) , because the slope of the best fit line is equal to .
(D) , because the slope of the best fit line is equal to .
(E) cannot be determined from the graph, because does not depend on .

33.

A solid sphere is placed on a frictionless floor in a very long corridor and is given a quick push so that it begins to
slide, without rotating, along the corridor. How would the angular speed of the sphere be changing if the floor were
not frictionless?
(A) It would be increasing until the slipping between the sphere and the floor stops.
(B) It would be increasing until the translational motion stops.
(C) It would be increasing until the linear and the angular speeds become equal.
(D) It would remain zero because the net torque is still zero.
(E) It would remain zero because the angular momentum is conserved.

Page 16 of AP Physics C: Mechanics

20
34. The equation of motion of a simple harmonic oscillator = -9x, where x is displacement and t is time. The period
of oscillation is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

35.

The rigid body shown in the diagram above consists of a vertical support post and two horizontal crossbars with
spheres attached. The masses of the spheres and the lengths of the crossbars are indicated in the diagram. The body
rotates about a vertical axis along the support post with constant angular speed ω . If the masses of the support post
and the crossbars are negligible, what is the ratio of the angular momentum of the two upper spheres to that of the
two lower spheres?
(A) 2/1
(B) 1/1
(C) 1/2
(D) 1/4

AP Physics C: Mechanics Page 17 of 20