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Tutorial 03r

The document covers various calculations related to signal bandwidth, transmission time, bit length, attenuation, bit rate, and file download times over different bandwidths. It includes specific examples and formulas for each scenario, such as calculating the attenuation in decibels and the time required to download files of different sizes. Additionally, it discusses the relationship between frequency and period, and provides examples of signal power changes through amplification and attenuation.

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xiaobaibai1217520
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3 views

Tutorial 03r

The document covers various calculations related to signal bandwidth, transmission time, bit length, attenuation, bit rate, and file download times over different bandwidths. It includes specific examples and formulas for each scenario, such as calculating the attenuation in decibels and the time required to download files of different sizes. Additionally, it discusses the relationship between frequency and period, and provides examples of signal power changes through amplification and attenuation.

Uploaded by

xiaobaibai1217520
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

What is the bandwidth of a signal that can be decomposed into


five sine waves with frequencies at 0, 20, 50, 100, and 200 Hz?
All peak amplitudes are the same. Draw the bandwidth.

2. What is the transmission time of a packet sent by a station if the


length of the packet is 1 million bytes and the bandwidth of the
channel is 200 Kbps?
= (8,000,000 bits) / (200,000 bps)
= 40 s

3. What is the length of a bit in a channel with a propagation speed


of 2 x 108 m/s if the channel bandwidth is __________?

a. 1 Mbps
b. 10 Mbps
c. 100 Mbps

bit length = (propagation speed) x (bit duration)


The bit duration is the inverse of the bandwidth.

a. Bit length = (2 x108 m) x [(1 / (1 Mbps)] = 200 m.

This means a bit occupies 200 meters on a transmission


medium.

b. Bit length = (2 x108 m) x [(1 / (10 Mbps)] = 20 m.

This means a bit occupies 20 meters on a transmission medium.

c. Bit length = (2 x108 m) x [(1 / (100 Mbps)] = 2 m.

This means a bit occupies 2 meters on a transmission medium.

4. A signal travels from point A to point B. At point A, the signal


power is 100 W. At point B, the power is 90 W. What is the
attenuation in decibels?

dB = 10 log10 (90 / 100) = -0.46 dB


5. The attenuation of a signal is -10 dB. What is the final signal
power if it was originally 5 W?

-10 dB = 10 log10 (P2 / 5)->


log10 (P2 / 5) = -1 ->
(P2/5) = 10-1 ->
P2= 0.5W

6. What is the bit rate for each of the following signals?

a. A signal in which 1 bit lasts 0.001 s


b. A signal in which 1 bit lasts 2 ms
c. A signal in which 10 bits last 20 μs

bitRate = 1/TB

a. bit rate = 1/ (bit duration) = 1 / (0.001 s) = 1000 bps =


1 Kbps

b. bit rate = 1/ (bit duration) = 1 / (2 ms) = 500 bps

a. bit rate = 1/(bit duration) = 1 / (20 u s/10) = 1 / (2 us)


= 500 Kbps

7. The frequency of a signal is 10 Hz. What is its period in


milliseconds?

f=1/T
T=1/10 =10-1s =10-1 x 103 ms = 102 ms = 100ms

8. Draw the time-domain plot of a sine wave with maximum


amplitude of 15 volts, a frequency of 5, and a phase of 180
degrees
9. Suppose a signal travels through a transmission medium and its
power is reduced to one-half. What is the attenuation in decibel?

This means that P2 is (1/2) P1. In this case, the


attenuation (loss of power) can be calculated as

A loss of 3 dB (-3 dB) is equivalent to losing one-half the


power.

10. A signal travels through an amplifier, and its power is


increased 100 times. What is the attenuation in decibel?

This means that P2 = 100P1. In this case, the


amplification (gain of power) can be calculated as

11. A file contains 16 million bytes (B). How long does it take
to download this file using a 56-Kbps channel? 4-Mbps channel?

For 56Kbps channel,


56Kbps = 56000/8 = 7kB/s
16000000 bytes / 7000 bytes
2285.71s

For 4Mbps channel,


4Mbps = 4000000/8 = 500 kB/s
16000000 bytes / 500000 bytes
=32s

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