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I Unit Problems

The document outlines various thermodynamic processes involving gases, including calculations for work done, heat transfer, and power output in different systems such as compressors and nozzles. It presents specific scenarios with given parameters for each process, requiring calculations of energy transfer, mass flow rates, and exit velocities. The results of these calculations are provided, demonstrating the application of thermodynamic principles in engineering contexts.

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8 views1 page

I Unit Problems

The document outlines various thermodynamic processes involving gases, including calculations for work done, heat transfer, and power output in different systems such as compressors and nozzles. It presents specific scenarios with given parameters for each process, requiring calculations of energy transfer, mass flow rates, and exit velocities. The results of these calculations are provided, demonstrating the application of thermodynamic principles in engineering contexts.

Uploaded by

shschumma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

A gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of the following quasi-static


processes: (i) Process 1–2: Constant pressure p = 1.4 bar, V 1 = 0.028 m3, W12 = 10.5
kJ (ii) Process 2–3: Compression with pV = constant, (iii) Process 3–1: Constant
volume, U1 – U3 = – 26.4 kJ. There are no significant changes in KE and PE. (a)
Sketch the cycle on a p–V diagram (b) Calculate the net work done for the cycle in kJ
(c) Calculate the heat transfer for process 1–2 (d) Show that ΣQ cycle =ΣWcycle (Ans:-
8.283 kJ, 36.9 kJ)
2. A compressor operates under steady flow conditions, receiving air (specific heat
capacity of the air is 1.005 kJ/kg K) at a temperature of 25°C, velocity 33.3 m/s and
elevation 3 m. The air leaves the compressor at a temperature of 150 0C, velocity 100
m/s, and elevation 1.2 m. Heat is lost to the surroundings at the rate of 0.29 kJ/s. If the
rate of air flow through the compressor is 0.42 kg/s, what is the power output of the
compressor in kW?
3. A nozzle is a device for increasing the velocity of a steadily flowing stream. At the
inlet to a certain nozzle, the enthalpy of the fluid passing is 3000 kJ/kg and the
velocity is 60 m/s. At the discharge end, the enthalpy is 2762 kJ/kg. The nozzle is
horizontal and there is negligible heat loss from it. (a) Find the velocity at exists from
the nozzle. (b) If the inlet area is 0.1 m 2 and the specific volume at inlet is 0.187
m3/kg, find the mass flow rate. (c) If the specific volume at the nozzle exit is 0.498
m3/kg, find the exit area of the nozzle. [(a) 692.5 m/s, (b) 32.08 kg/s (c) 0.023 m2)]
4. Air flows steadily at the rate of 0.4 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at 6 m/s
with a pressure of 1 bar and a specific volume of 0.85 m 3/kg, and leaving at 4.5 m/s
with a pressure of 6.9 bar and a specific volume of 0.16 m 3/kg. The internal energy of
the air leaving is 88 kJ/kg greater than that of the air entering. Cooling water in a
jacket surrounding the cylinder absorbs heat from the air at the rate of 59 W.
Calculate the power required to drive the compressor and the inlet and outlet cross-
sectional areas. (45.4 kW, 0.057 m2, 0.0142 m2).
5. Air is to be preheated by hot exhaust gases in a crossflow heat exchanger before it
enters the furnace. Air enters the heat exchanger at 95 kPa and 20°C at a rate of 0.8
m3/s. The combustion gases (cp = 1.10 kJ/kg °C) enter at 180°C at a rate of 1.1 kg/s
and leave at 95°C. Determine the rate of energy transfer to the air and its outlet
temperature.

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