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6.8.4 Module Quiz – NAT for IPv4 (Answers)

Apr 1, 2021 | Last Updated: Dec 19, 2022 | CCNA v7 Course #3, CCNA v7.0 | No Comments

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6.8.4 Module Quiz – NAT for IPv4 Answers

1. Which two statements accurately describe an advantage or a disadvantage when
deploying NAT for IPv4 in a network? (Choose two.)

NAT adds authentication capability to IPv4.

NAT introduces problems for some applications that require end­to­end
connectivity.
NAT provides a solution to slow down the IPv4 address depletion.
NAT causes routing tables to include more information.
NAT improves packet handling.
NAT will impact negatively on switch performance.
x

Explanation: Network Address Translation (NAT) is a technology that is implemented

within IPv4 networks. One application of NAT is to use private IP addresses inside a
network and use NAT to share a few public IP addresses for many internal hosts. In
this way it provides a solution to slow down the IPv4 address depletion. However,
since NAT hides the actual IP addresses that are used by end devices, it may cause
problems for some applications that require end­to­end connectivity.

2. A network administrator wants to examine the active NAT translations on a border

router. Which command would perform the task?

Advertisement
 Router# clear ip nat translations
Router# show ip nat translations
Router# debug ip nat translations
Router# show ip nat statistics

Explanation: The clear ip nat translations command clears all dynamic address
translation entries from the NAT translation table. The debug ip nat command is used
to verify the operation of NAT. The show ip nat statistics command displays
information about the total number of active translations, NAT configuration
parameters, the number of addresses in the pool, and the number that have been
allocated. The show ip nat translations command displays the active NAT
translations.

3. What are two tasks to perform when configuring static NAT? (Choose two.)

Configure a NAT pool.

Identify the participating interfaces as inside or outside interfaces.
Define the outside global address.
Define the inside global address on the server
Create a mapping between the inside local and inside global addresses.

Explanation: There is no server involved when using NAT. The outside global
address will change for each destination the inside host will try to reach. A NAT pool is
only configured for dynamic NAT implementations.

4. What is a disadvantage of NAT?

The router does not need to alter the checksum of the IPv4 packets.
There is no end­to­end addressing.
The costs of readdressing hosts can be significant for a publicly addressed network.
The internal hosts have to use a single public IPv4 address for external
communication.

Explanation: Many Internet protocols and applications depend on end­to­end

addressing from the source to the destination. Because parts of the header of the IP
packets are modified, the router needs to alter the checksum of the IPv4 packets.
Using a single public IP address allows for the conservation of legally registered IP
addressing schemes. If an addressing scheme needs to be modified, it is cheaper to
use private IP addresses.

5. What is one advantage of using NAT at the edge of the network?

 Changing ISPs is simpler because the devices on the inside network do not
have to be configured with new addresses when the outside address changes.
Dynamic NAT allows devices from outside the local network to easily initiate TCP
connections to inside hosts.
NAT enables end­to­end IPv4 traceability, making troubleshooting easier.
Performance is significantly increased because the router does not have to perform as
many route lookups.

Explanation: When NAT is used, the inside network can be addressed with RFC
1918 private addresses and the outside address is provided by the ISP. When
changing to a new ISP, the hosts on the inside network do not have to have their
addresses changed. NAT prevents end­to­end IPv4 traceability, making
troubleshooting more difficult. Performance can be adversely affected with NAT, as the
router needs to change the IP, and possibly TCP/UDP headers on each packet.
Dynamic NAT does not allow outside devices to easily initiate connections to inside
devices unless an outbound connection has already been made.

6. What benefit does NAT64 provide?

It allows sites to use private IPv6 addresses and translates them to global IPv6
addresses.
It allows sites to use private IPv4 addresses, and thus hides the internal addressing
structure from hosts on public IPv4 networks.
It allows sites to connect multiple IPv4 hosts to the Internet via the use of a single
public IPv4 address.
It allows sites to connect IPv6 hosts to an IPv4 network by translating the IPv6
addresses to IPv4 addresses.

Explanation: NAT64 is a temporary IPv6 transition strategy that allows sites to use
IPv6 addresses and still be able to connect to IPv4 networks. This is accomplished by
translating the IPv6 addresses into IPv4 addresses before sending the packets onto
the IPv4 network.

7. What address translation is performed by static NAT?

An inside local address is translated to a specified outside local address.

An inside local address is translated to a specified inside global address.
An inside local address is translated to a specified outside global address.
An outside local address is translated to a specified outside global address.

Explanation: There are four terms to describe NAT addresses; inside local, inside
global, outside local, and outside global. Static NAT will perform a one­to­one
translation of an inside local address to an inside global address.
8. Using NAT terminology, what is the address of the source host on a private
network as seen from inside the network?

inside local
outside global
outside local
inside global

Explanation: There are four types of NAT addresses. In NAT terminology these are
applied from the perspective of the host that has the address being translated.
– Inside local address – the address of the source host as seen from inside the
network
– Inside global address – the address of the source host as seen from the Internet
– Outside local address – the address of Internet hosts as seen from inside the
network
– Outside global address – the address of Internet hosts as seen from outside the
network

9. Which statement accurately describes dynamic NAT?

It always maps a private IP address to a public IP address.

It provides an automated mapping of inside local to inside global IP addresses.
It dynamically provides IP addressing to internal hosts.
It provides a mapping of internal host names to IP addresses.

Explanation: Dynamic NAT provides a dynamic mapping of inside local to inside

global IP addresses. NAT is merely the one­to­one mapping of one address to another
address without taking into account whether the address is public or private. DHCP is
automatic assignment of IP addresses to hosts. DNS is mapping host names to IP
addresses.

10. Why is NAT not needed in IPv6?

The end­to­end connectivity problems that are caused by NAT are solved because the
number of routes increases with the number of nodes that are connected to the Internet.
Because IPv6 has integrated security, there is no need to hide the IPv6 addresses of
internal networks.
The problems that are induced by NAT applications are solved because the IPv6
header improves packet handling by intermediate routers.
Any host or user can get a public IPv6 network address because the number of
available IPv6 addresses is extremely large.

Explanation: The large number of public IPv6 addresses eliminates the need for NAT.
Sites from the largest enterprises to single households can get public IPv6 network
addresses. This avoids some of the NAT­induced application problems that are
experienced by applications that require end­to­end connectivity.

11. A company designs its network so that the PCs in the internal network are
assigned IP addresses from DHCP servers, and the packets that are sent to the
Internet are translated through a NAT­enabled router. What type of NAT enables the
router to populate the translation table from a pool of unique public addresses, as
the PCs send packets through the router to the Internet?

ARP
dynamic NAT
static NAT
PAT

Explanation: ARP is the address resolution protocol and is used to obtain the MAC
address of the destination device. Static NAT is a one­to­one mapping between the
local and global addresses of a device. PAT, otherwise known as NAT overload, maps
multiple private IP addresses to a singular public address or group of addresses.
Dynamic NAT uses a pool of public IP addresses and assigns them to requesting
devices on a first­come, first­served basis. In the case of dynamic NAT, each device
would have a unique public IP address from the pool of public IP addresses as the
source IP address in the packets that they send.

12. What is a security feature of using NAT on a network?

denies all internal hosts from communicating outside their own network
allows internal IP addresses to be concealed from external users
denies all packets that originate from private IP addresses
allows external IP addresses to be concealed from internal users

Explanation: Network Address Translation (NAT) translates private addresses into

public addresses for use on public networks. This feature prevents outside devices
from seeing the actual IP addresses that are used by the internal hosts.

13. When dynamic NAT without overloading is being used, what happens if seven
users attempt to access a public server on the Internet when only six addresses are
available in the NAT pool?

The first user gets disconnected when the seventh user makes the request.
All users can access the server.
The request to the server for the seventh user fails.
No users can access the server.

Explanation: If all the addresses in the NAT pool have been used, a device must wait
for an available address before it can access the outside network.

14. A company has been assigned the 203.0.113.0/27 block of IP addresses by the
ISP. The company has over 6000 internal devices. What type of NAT would be most
appropriate for the employee workstations of the company?

static NAT
port forwarding
dynamic NAT
PAT off the external router interface
dynamic NAT overload using the pool of addresses

Explanation: Static NAT is used by companies that have end devices such as
servers that need an external public IP address. Dynamic NAT is used by companies
that own a block of public IP addresses. Port forwarding is not a type of NAT. Instead,
port forwarding is a technique that is used to reach a private IP address from an
external network. PAT is commonly used by home networks and small businesses.
 PAT or overloading can also be done by using a pool of addresses.

15. Which version of NAT allows many hosts inside a private network to
simultaneously use a single inside global address for connecting to the Internet?

port forwarding
PAT
dynamic NAT
static NAT

Explanation: PAT allows many hosts on a private network to share one single public
address by mapping sessions to TCP/UDP port numbers.

16. Typically, which network device would be used to perform NAT for a corporate
environment?

DHCP server
Host device
Router
Server
Switch

Explanation: Typically, the translation from private IPv4 addresses to public IPv4
addresses is performed on routers in corporate environments. In a home environment,
this device might be an access point that has routing capability or a DSL or cable
router.

17. When NAT is used in a small office, which address type or types are typically
used for hosts on the local LAN?

Both private and public IPv4 addresses

Global public IPv4 addresses
Internet­routable addresses
Private IPv4 addresses

Explanation: It is common practice to configure addresses from the 10.0.0.0/8,

172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16 ranges.

18. Which type of NAT maps a single inside local address to a single inside global
address?

Dynamic NAT
NAT overloading
Port Address Translation
Static NAT

Explanation: A one­to­one mapping of an inside local address to an inside global

address is accomplished through static NAT.

19. A network administrator configures the border router with the ip nat inside
source list 4 pool NAT­POOL global configuration command. What is required to be
configured in order for this particular command to be functional?

A NAT pool named NAT­POOL that defines the starting and ending public IPv4
addresses
 A VLAN named NAT­POOL that is enabled and active and routed by R1
An access list named NAT­POOL that defines the private addresses that are affected
by NAT
An access list numbered 4 that defines the starting and ending public IPv4 addresses
ip nat outside enabled on the interface that connects to the LAN affected by NAT

Explanation: In order for the ip nat inside source list 4 pool NAT­POOL command to
work, the following procedure needs to occur:
1. Create an access list that defines the private IPv4 addresses affected by NAT.
2. Establish a NAT pool of starting and ending public IPv4 addresses by using the
ip nat pool command.
3. Use the ip nat inside source list command to associate the access list with
the NAT pool.
4. Apply NAT to internal and external interfaces by using the ip nat inside and ip
nat outside commands.

20. Which configuration would be appropriate for a small business that has the
public IPv4 address 209.165.200.225/30 assigned to the external interface on the
router that connects to the internet?

access­list 1 permit 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255

ip nat pool NAT­POOL 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.8 netmask 255.255.255.240
ip nat inside source list 1 pool NAT­POOL
access­list 1 permit 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
ip nat pool NAT­POOL 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.8 netmask 255.255.255.240
ip nat inside source list 1 pool NAT­POOL overload
access­list 1 permit 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
ip nat inside source list 1 interface serial 0/0/0 overload
access­list 1 permit 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
ip nat pool NAT­POOL 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.8 netmask 255.255.255.240
ip nat inside source list 1 pool NAT­POOL overload
ip nat inside source static 10.0.0.5 209.165.200.225

Explanation: With the ip nat inside source list 1 interface serial 0/0/0 overload
command, the router is configured to translate internal private IPv4 addresses in the
range 10.0.0.0/8 to a single public IPv4 address, 209.165.200.225/30.
The other options will not work because the IPv4 addresses defined in the pool,
192.168.2.0/28, are not routable on the internet.

21. What are two of the required steps to configure PAT? (Choose two.)

Create a standard access list to define applications that should be translated.

Define a pool of global addresses to be used for overload translation.
Define the Hello and Interval timers to match the adjacent neighbor router.
Define the range of source ports to be used.
Identify the inside interface.

Explanation: The steps that are required to configure PAT are to define a pool of
global addresses to be used for overload translation, to configure source translation
by using the keywords interface and overload, and to identify the interfaces that are
involved in the PAT.

22. What is the name for the public IPv4 addresses used on a NAT­enabled router?

Inside global addresses

Inside local addresses
Outside global addresses
Outside local addresses

Explanation: An inside local address is the address of the source, as seen from the
inside of the network. An outside global address is the address of the destination, as
 inside of the network. An outside global address is the address of the destination, as
seen from the outside network.

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