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English Grammar Basics

The document provides an overview of essential grammar components for improving English speaking skills, including tenses, sentence structure, modals, conjunctions, prepositions, pronouns, vocabulary expansion, and common conversational phrases. It emphasizes the importance of understanding tenses to convey time accurately and forming sentences correctly for fluency. Additionally, it includes daily tasks for practice, such as making sentences and recording speech for self-improvement.

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16 views4 pages

English Grammar Basics

The document provides an overview of essential grammar components for improving English speaking skills, including tenses, sentence structure, modals, conjunctions, prepositions, pronouns, vocabulary expansion, and common conversational phrases. It emphasizes the importance of understanding tenses to convey time accurately and forming sentences correctly for fluency. Additionally, it includes daily tasks for practice, such as making sentences and recording speech for self-improvement.

Uploaded by

prachirajstm52025
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sure! Let's go over the basic grammar that will help you improve your English speaking skills.

I'll

break it down into key components that are essential for fluency, and I'll explain each one in a

simple way.

1. TENSES

Understanding tenses is crucial to speaking English fluently. They help you convey when an action

took place: in the past, present, or future.

Present Tense (Current actions)

- Simple Present: "I work at a school." - Used for habits, general facts, or routines.

- Present Continuous: "I am working on my English." - Used for actions happening right now.

- Present Perfect: "I have worked here for 2 years." - Used to describe experiences or actions that

happened at an unspecified time.

- Present Perfect Continuous: "I have been learning English for 6 months." - Used for actions that

started in the past and are still continuing.

Past Tense (Actions that happened earlier)

- Simple Past: "I studied yesterday." - Used for actions that are completed in the past.

- Past Continuous: "I was studying when you called." - Used to describe actions happening at a

specific moment in the past.

- Past Perfect: "I had studied before I went out." - Describes an action that was completed before

another action in the past.

- Past Perfect Continuous: "I had been studying for 2 hours when the phone rang." - Focuses on the

duration of an action before something else happened.

Future Tense (Actions that will happen)


- Simple Future: "I will study tomorrow." - Used for predictions or planned actions.

- Future Continuous: "I will be studying at 8 PM." - Describes an action that will be happening at a

specific future time.

- Future Perfect: "I will have finished by 5 PM." - Describes something that will be completed before

a certain point in the future.

- Future Perfect Continuous: "I will have been studying for 3 hours by the time you arrive." - Focuses

on the duration of an action that will be in progress at a certain future point.

2. SENTENCE STRUCTURE

To speak fluently, it's important to form sentences correctly.

- Subject + Verb + Object: "I (subject) speak (verb) English (object)."

- Questions: "Are you learning English?" / "Do you speak English?"

- Negatives: "I do not (don't) speak French." / "She is not (isn't) coming to the party."

3. MODALS

Modals are words like can, could, would, should, must, might, and may. These words show

possibility, permission, ability, or obligation.

- Can: "I can speak English."

- Could: "Could you help me?"

- Would: "I would like some tea."

- Should: "You should study for the exam."

- Must: "You must finish your homework."

- Might: "I might go to the store later."

- May: "May I use your phone?"

4. CONJUNCTIONS

- And: "I like tea and coffee."


- But: "I like tea, but I don't like coffee."

- Or: "Do you want tea or coffee?"

- Because: "I study because I want to improve my skills."

- So: "I was tired, so I went to bed early."

5. PREPOSITIONS

- In: "I live in India."

- On: "I placed the book on the table."

- At: "I will meet you at the restaurant."

- To: "She is going to school."

- For: "This gift is for you."

6. PRONOUNS

- Subject pronouns: I, You, He, She, It, We, They - Example: "She is my friend."

- Object pronouns: Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, Them - Example: "She called me."

- Possessive pronouns: My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Their - Example: "This is my book."

7. VOCABULARY EXPANSION

- Happy - Joyful, Content, Delighted

- Sad - Unhappy, Sorrowful, Disappointed

8. COMMON PHRASES FOR CONVERSATIONS

- Greeting: "Hi, how are you?" / "Good morning!"

- Expressing opinions: "I think that..." / "In my opinion..."

- Asking for help: "Can you help me with this?" / "Could you please assist me?"

- Polite Requests: "Could you pass the salt, please?" / "Would you mind helping me?"
Daily Task:

- Practice making sentences using the tenses and vocabulary we've discussed.

- Record yourself speaking a few sentences each day. Listen and note areas where you can

improve.

How does that sound? Would you like to try forming some sentences with these rules?

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