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06.Java Basic Input and Output

This tutorial covers basic input and output in Java, focusing on methods like System.out.println(), System.out.print(), and System.out.printf() for displaying output. It also explains how to take user input using the Scanner class, demonstrating examples for integer, float, double, and string inputs. Key concepts include the differences between print methods and the importance of closing the Scanner object after use.

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06.Java Basic Input and Output

This tutorial covers basic input and output in Java, focusing on methods like System.out.println(), System.out.print(), and System.out.printf() for displaying output. It also explains how to take user input using the Scanner class, demonstrating examples for integer, float, double, and string inputs. Key concepts include the differences between print methods and the importance of closing the Scanner object after use.

Uploaded by

David
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Basic Input and Output

In this tutorial, you will learn simple ways to display output to users and take
input from users in Java.

Java Output
In Java, you can simply use

System.out.println(); or

System.out.print(); or

System.out.printf();

to send output to standard output (screen).

Here,

• System is a class
• out is a public static field: it accepts output data.
Don't worry if you don't understand it. We will discuss class , public ,
and static in later chapters.
Let's take an example to output a line.

class AssignmentOperator {
public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Java programming is interesting.");


}
}
Run Code

Output:

Java programming is interesting.

Here, we have used the println() method to display the string.


Difference between println(), print() and printf()

• print() - It prints string inside the quotes.


• println() - It prints string inside the quotes similar like print() method. Then
the cursor moves to the beginning of the next line.
• printf() - It provides string formatting (similar to printf in C/C++
programming).

Example: print() and println()


class Output {
public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("1. println ");


System.out.println("2. println ");

System.out.print("1. print ");


System.out.print("2. print");
}
}
Run Code

Output:

1. println
2. println
1. print 2. print

In the above example, we have shown the working of


the print() and println() methods. To learn about the printf() method,
visit Java printf().
Example: Printing Variables and Literals
class Variables {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Double number = -10.6;

System.out.println(5);
System.out.println(number);
}
}
Run Code

When you run the program, the output will be:

5
-10.6

Here, you can see that we have not used the quotation marks. It is because to
display integers, variables and so on, we don't use quotation marks.

Example: Print Concatenated Strings


class PrintVariables {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Double number = -10.6;

System.out.println("I am " + "awesome.");


System.out.println("Number = " + number);
}
}
Run Code

Output:

I am awesome.
Number = -10.6

In the above example, notice the line,


System.out.println("I am " + "awesome.");

Here, we have used the + operator to concatenate (join) the two strings: "I am

" and "awesome." .


And also, the line,

System.out.println("Number = " + number);

Here, first the value of variable number is evaluated. Then, the value is
concatenated to the string: "Number = ".

Java Input
Java provides different ways to get input from the user. However, in this
tutorial, you will learn to get input from user using the object of Scanner class.
In order to use the object of Scanner , we need to
import java.util.Scanner package.

import java.util.Scanner;

To learn more about importing packages in Java, visit Java Import Packages.
Then, we need to create an object of the Scanner class. We can use the object to
take input from the user.

// create an object of Scanner


Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

// take input from the user


int number = input.nextInt();
Example: Get Integer Input From the User
import java.util.Scanner;

class Input {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter an integer: ");


int number = input.nextInt();
System.out.println("You entered " + number);

// closing the scanner object


input.close();
}
}
Run Code

Output:

Enter an integer: 23
You entered 23

In the above example, we have created an object named input of


the Scanner class. We then call the nextInt() method of the Scanner class to get
an integer input from the user.
Similarly, we can use nextLong() , nextFloat() , nextDouble() , and next() methods
to get long , float , double , and string input respectively from the user.

Note: We have used the close() method to close the object. It is recommended
to close the scanner object once the input is taken.

Example: Get float, double and String Input


import java.util.Scanner;

class Input {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

// Getting float input


System.out.print("Enter float: ");
float myFloat = input.nextFloat();
System.out.println("Float entered = " + myFloat);

// Getting double input


System.out.print("Enter double: ");
double myDouble = input.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Double entered = " + myDouble);

// Getting String input


System.out.print("Enter text: ");
String myString = input.next();
System.out.println("Text entered = " + myString);
}
}
Run Code

Output:

Enter float: 2.343


Float entered = 2.343
Enter double: -23.4
Double entered = -23.4
Enter text: Hey!
Text entered = Hey!

As mentioned, there are other several ways to get input from the user. To
learn more about Scanner , visit Java Scanner.

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