Python Guess Game Fix

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i am a beginner in python so i wanted to make this my first project but this is my code i have zero
experience i python where did i o wrong and show me and explain it to me in abeginner friendly
way:import random

lower = int(input("enter a number: "))

higher = int(input("enter a larger number: "))
computer_guess = random.randint(lower,higher)
guess = 7
chances = 0

while chances < guess :

max_chances = int(input(f'guess what number am thinking off from {lower}-{higher}: '))
chances += 1
if max_chances > computer_guess :
print('you guessed too high')
print('please try again')
elif max_chances < computer_guess :
print('you guessed too low')
print('please try again')
elif chances > guess:
print("sorry you have lost")
elif max_chances == computer_guess:
print(f"congratulations you won after {chances} tries")

Here’s a step-by-step, beginner-friendly way to both fix your logic and simplify your code:

What was “going wrong” in your original

1. Unreachable “you lost” branch
You wrote:

python

while chances < guess:

…
elif chances > guess:
print("sorry you have lost")

But the loop only runs while `chances < guess`, so `chances > guess` can never be true inside the
loop.

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 2. No `break` on correct guess
Even when `max_chances == computer_guess`, you never `break` out, so Python kept looping (or
would have tried to), which can cause confusing behavior.
3. Mixing “guess” and “chances”
Naming your variables so that one is called `guess` (but actually holds the max allowed tries) and
another `chances` (counting how many you’ve used) makes the logic hard to follow.

A cleaner rewrite
python

import random

# 1) Ask bounds
lower = int(input("Enter the lower bound: "))
upper = int(input("Enter the upper bound: "))

# 2) Computer picks a number

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

# 3) Decide how many tries you’ll allow

max_attempts = 7
print(f"\nI'm thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.")
print(f"You have {max_attempts} attempts to guess it.\n")

# 4) Loop up to max_attempts times

for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1):
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: What's your guess? "))

if guess > secret:

print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")
elif guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:

print(f"
break
🎉
# right answer!
Congratulations! You got it in {attempt} tries.")

else:

print(f" 😢
# this runs only if the loop never hit a `break`
Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")

Why this is easier

1. For-loop counting

python

for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1):

…
else:
# only if we never `break`

— this neatly gives you both the current try number (`attempt`) and an “out of tries” handle in the
`else` block.

2. Clear variable names

`max_attempts` is the total number of guesses you get.

`attempt` is the current guess number.

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 `secret` is the computer’s hidden number.

is the player’s current input.

`guess`
3. Immediate `break` on win
As soon as you guess correctly, you `break` out of the loop, preventing any further unnecessary
prompts.

4. User feedback up front

Printing your range and allowed attempts at the start makes it clear to the player what’s
happening.

Play around with that—once you feel comfy, you can extend it (e.g. let the user pick the number of
attempts, handle non-integer inputs with `try/except`, etc.). But this structure should eliminate the logic
bugs you were seeing and be much easier to follow.

explain this part in detail:for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1):

Here’s a concise walkthrough of what

python

for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1):

does and why it’s written that way.

Summary
This line creates a loop that runs exactly `max_attempts` times, giving you a counter
(`attempt`) that starts at 1 and ends at `max_attempts`. Under the hood, Python’s `range(start,
stop)` produces an iterable sequence of integers from `start` (inclusive) up to—but not
including—`stop`. By writing `max_attempts + 1` as the stop value, you ensure your loop
actually goes through `1, 2, ..., max_attempts`.

1. The `for … in` construct

`for` keyword
In Python, `for` is used to iterate over (i.e. “loop through”) any iterable—lists, strings, dictionaries,
or special sequence objects like those produced by `range()` W3Schools.com.

Iteration variable
Here, `attempt` is the loop variable. On each pass through the loop, Python assigns it the next value
from the iterable sequence Dataquest.

2. How `range(start, stop)` works

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 Creates a sequence of integers
The built-in `range()` returns an object that generates numbers in order W3Schools.com
GeeksforGeeks.

Parameters
1. `start`: where to begin (inclusive).
2. `stop`: where to end (exclusive).

3. Optional `step`: how much to increment each time (defaults to `1`). Stack Overflow
Why “exclusive” stop?
Python’s convention of stopping before the `stop` value makes it easy to pair
`range(len(collection))` with zero-based indexing Python Wiki.

3. Decoding `range(1, max_attempts + 1)`

1. `1` as the `start` means the first value for `attempt` is `1`.
2. `max_attempts + 1` as the `stop` ensures the loop includes `max_attempts` itself.

If you did `range(1, max_attempts)`, it would produce `1` through `max_attempts - 1` PYnative
.
3. Sequence produced:

1, 2, 3, …, max_attempts

Exactly `max_attempts` numbers.

4. Putting it all together

On each iteration:

1. Python asks `range(1, max_attempts+1)` for the next number.

2. That number is assigned to `attempt`.
3. Your loop body runs (e.g., prompting the user and checking their guess).

4. When `attempt` finally equals `max_attempts`, the loop will run the last time—and then stop,
because the next “would-be” value equals `max_attempts+1`, which is excluded. Simplilearn.com

Why use this instead of a `while`?

Built-in counting: You don’t need to manually increment and check a counter; Python handles it.

Readability: It’s clear “this runs N times,” and you already have the iteration number in `attempt`.
GeeksforGeeks

Further reading

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 Official docs on `for` loops: Python Wiki’s “ForLoop” Python Wiki

Deep dive on `range()`: GeeksforGeeks “Python range() function” GeeksforGeeks

Practical examples: freeCodeCamp’s guide to `range()` freecodecamp.org

Sources

sorry but can i do the same thing with a while loop

Summary
Yes—you can mirror the “N tries” behavior of a `for` loop using a `while` loop by manually tracking your
attempt count and breaking out when the guess is correct Python documentation. You initialize a
counter, loop while it’s within your allowed range, handle each guess inside the loop, then either `break`
on success or exit when you run out of attempts Stack Overflow.

1. Code Example
python

import random

lower = int(input("Enter lower bound: "))

upper = int(input("Enter upper bound: "))
secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

max_attempts = 7
print(f"\nGuess a number between {lower} and {upper}. You have {max_attempts} tries.\n")

attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: Your guess? "))

if guess > secret:

print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")
elif guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(f" 🎉
Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")
break # exit on success
attempt += 1
else:

print(f" 😢
# This else runs if the loop completes naturally (no break)
Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")

2. How It Works
2.1 Initializing the Counter

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 We start by setting

python

attempt = 1

so our first iteration is labeled “Attempt 1” GeeksforGeeks.

2.2 Loop Condition

The line

python

while attempt <= max_attempts:

ensures the body runs exactly `max_attempts` times—just like `for attempt in range(1,
max_attempts+1)` would Python Tutorials – Real Python.

2.3 Checking the Guess

Inside the loop, we compare `guess` to `secret` and give feedback:

If too high, print “Too high!”

If too low, print “Too low!”

If equal, print success and `break` out immediately GeeksforGeeks.

2.4 Incrementing

After each wrong guess, we do:

python

attempt += 1

to move our counter forward by one Stack Overflow.

2.5 Handling “Out of Attempts”

Python’s `while` supports an `else` block that runs only if the loop ends without a `break`
Python documentation.

We use that to print the “sorry, you’ve lost” message once all tries are used up
Python Tutorials – Real Python.

3. Why Use `while` Here?

Manual control: You see exactly when and how your counter changes Reddit.

Flexibility: You can adjust the counter or exit conditions mid-loop if you later add features (like
“give a hint after 3 wrong tries”) Stack Overflow.
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 Clarity for beginners: It reinforces the concept of loop conditions and counter updates explicitly
Python Tutorials – Real Python.

References

Python Tutorial: Control Flow Tools – While Loops (docs.python.org) Python documentation
GeeksforGeeks: Python While Loop Basics GeeksforGeeks

StackOverflow: Counting Iterations in While Stack Overflow

StackOverflow: Converting `for` to `while` Loops Stack Overflow

Real Python: Python While Loop Guide Python Tutorials – Real Python

Python Docs: Loop `else` Clause Python documentation

Real Python: Simplify While Loops Discussion Python Tutorials – Real Python
GeeksforGeeks: Loop Control in Python GeeksforGeeks

Reddit: For vs. While Interchangeability Reddit

Real Python: Emulating Do-While Loops with `while` Python Tutorials – Real Python

Sources

why do we star attempt at 1 why not and why do we: else:

print(f" 🎉
Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")
break # exit on success
attempt += 1 . at this point of the loop where it breaks offexplain it so i can understand i think i
do not understand while loops

Let’s walk through that loop step by step, so you can see exactly what’s happening and why:

python

attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: Your guess? "))

break
🎉
if guess == secret:
print(f" Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")
# ← jump out of the entire while‐loop immediately
elif guess < secret:
print("Too low! Try again.")
else:
print("Too high! Try again.")

attempt += 1 # ← only runs if we didn’t ‘break’

else:
print(f"Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")

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1. Why start `attempt` at 1 (not 0)?
Human counting: We want “Attempt 1,” “Attempt 2,” … up through “Attempt 7.”

Loop condition: `while attempt <= max_attempts:` means “keep going as long as attempt is at
most 7.”

If we started at 0, you’d get “Attempt 0” on your first prompt, which looks odd for a user-facing
counter.

2. What happens on a correct guess?

1. You enter your guess.

2. Python checks `if guess == secret:`

3. Inside that `if`, you `print` the success message and then do `break`.

4. `break` immediately jumps you out of the entire `while`, so nothing else in the loop body runs—
including that `attempt += 1`.

That means if you got it on your 3rd try, `attempt` is still 3, and you correctly report “3 tries.”

3. Why put `attempt += 1` after the `break`?

Because you only want to increment your counter after a failed guess. If the user is right, you don’t add
one more to your count—you stop right there. Placing `attempt += 1` at the very end of the loop body
and outside the `if guess == secret` block makes sure:

On a wrong guess: you fall through past the `if`, hit `attempt += 1`, and go back around the loop
with the next attempt number.

On a right guess: you `break` out, skipping that increment.

4. What about the `else:` on the `while`?

Python lets you attach an `else` to a loop; it only runs if you exit the loop without a `break`. In our case,
that means “the user never guessed correctly before running out of attempts,” so we print the “Out of
attempts…” message there.

Visualizing one pass

Suppose `max_attempts = 3` and the secret is 42:

Loop entry `attempt` Condition checked Action Next `attempt`

1st time 1 `1 <= 3` → yes guess wrong → `attempt += 1` 2

2nd time 2 `2 <= 3` → yes guess wrong → `attempt += 1` 3

3rd time 3 `3 <= 3` → yes guess correct → `break` stays 3

exit loop — loop stops (break) print success with `attempt=3` —

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I hope that demystifies the flow! Let me know if any part still feels fuzzy.

attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: Your guess? "))

if guess == secret:
🎉
print(f" Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")
break # ← jump out of the entire while‐loop immediately
elif guess < secret:
print("Too low! Try again.")
else:
print("Too high! Try again.")

attempt += 1 # ← only runs if we didn’t ‘break’

else:
print(f"Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")
now what are thebugs and what does it not accont for and explain it to me so that a zero levl
experiencesd person can unsderstand also rewrite the whole code

Summary
Your loop has a few key issues: the `break` is mis-indented causing a syntax/logical error, there’s no
handling if the user types something that isn’t an integer, and you never check that their guess falls
inside your chosen bounds or that the lower bound is actually less than the upper. Below, we’ll walk
through each bug in plain English and then present a complete, beginner-friendly rewrite that:

1. Fixes the indentation of `break`.

2. Uses try/except to catch non-integer input.

3. Validates that the lower bound is less than the upper bound.

4. Ensures each guess is within the specified range.

5. Clearly tells the user how many attempts they have and exactly what went wrong.

1. Bugs in Your Current Code

1.1 Mis-indented `break`

In your snippet the `break` sits outside the `if` block’s indentation, so Python either throws an
IndentationError or ignores it in the wrong place GeeksforGeeksStack Overflow.

1.2 No Protection Against Non-Integer Input

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Calling `int(input(...))` will crash with a ValueError if the user types letters or punctuation
101 ComputingStack Overflow.

1.3 Bounds Never Validated

You don’t check that `lower < upper` before picking the secret number GeeksforGeeks.

You also don’t remind the user if they accidentally guess outside of that `[lower, upper]` range.

1.4 Loop Logic & User Feedback

There’s no clear message at the start about “You have N tries.”

The loop might end without telling the user they’ve lost—unless they magically hit exactly the
wrong branch Medium.

2. What This Doesn’t Account For

1. “What if I enter ‘five’ instead of 5?”
Your code just crashes, instead of politely saying, “That’s not a number—try again!” Stack Overflow.

2. “What if I said lower = 10 and upper = 5?”

`random.randint(10,5)` is invalid and will raise a ValueError.

3. “What if I guess 999 when the range is 1–10?”

You give no feedback that the guess is out of bounds.
4. No summary at the start
The player never knows how many total attempts they’ll get unless they count prompts
themselves.

3. Beginner-Friendly Full Rewrite

python

import random

# 1) Get and validate the bounds:

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:
print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only.\n")
continue

if lower >= upper:

print("⇨ Lower bound must be less than upper bound. Try again.\n")
else:
break

# 2) Pick the secret number

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

# 3) Set max attempts and inform the player

max_attempts = 7
print(f"\nI’m thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.")
print(f"You have {max_attempts} attempts. Good luck!\n")

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 # 4) The guessing loop
attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
# 4a) Ask for a guess, with input validation
try:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: Your guess? "))
except ValueError:
print(" ⇨ That’s not a whole number. Try again.\n")
continue # don’t count this as an attempt

# 4b) Check range

if guess < lower or guess > upper:
print(f" ⇨ Please guess between {lower} and {upper}.\n")
continue # still doesn’t cost an attempt

# 4c) Compare to the secret

print(f"
break
🎉
if guess == secret:
Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")

elif guess < secret:

print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")

attempt += 1

# 5) Ran out of attempts?

else:
print(f" 😢
Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")

Why This Is Better

Indentation Fixed: Every `break` now sits inside its `if` block, so Python runs it exactly when you
want GeeksforGeeks.

Robust Input: Using `try/except` around every `int(input())` means your program never crashes
on bad input Stack Overflow.

Range Checks: You ensure guesses stay within `[lower, upper]` so the player can’t wander off into
nonsense GeeksforGeeks.

Clear Loop Control: `while attempt <= max_attempts:` with an `else:` block cleanly handles “out of
tries” without extra flags Python documentation.
Friendly Messages: Every failure path tells the user exactly what went wrong and what to do next
Python Tutorials – Real Python.

Play with this version, and you’ll see your game feels much more polished—and your code won’t
mysteriously crash or miscount attempts!

Sources

explain tis part:while True:

try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:

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 print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only.\n")
continue

Here’s what that block does and why it’s written that way, broken down step by step:
A quick summary: this snippet uses an infinite loop (`while True`) to keep asking for two numbers until
the user types valid integer bounds; it wraps the input-and-conversion in a `try` block so any non-
integer entry raises a `ValueError` that’s caught by the `except`, which then prints a friendly message
and uses `continue` to start the loop over again without crashing your program Programiz
GeeksforGeeks.

1. The `while True:` loop

“Infinite loop”:

python

while True:

means “repeat the indented block forever (or until you `break` out)” Programiz.

This is a common pattern when you want to keep prompting until the user gives you data you can
work with Stack Overflow.

2. The `try:` block

python

try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))

2.1 What happens here

1. Python executes the code under `try:` normally, attempting to convert each input to an integer
GeeksforGeeksPython Tutorials – Real Python.

2. If both conversions succeed, no exception is raised and execution would move on (in your full code
you’d then validate the bounds and `break` out of the loop) Python Tutorials – Real Python.

3. The `except ValueError:` block

python

except ValueError:
print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only.\n")

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 Catching bad input:
When `int(...)` fails because the user typed “five” or “3.14” or any non-integer text, Python raises
a `ValueError` Python Tutorials – Real Python.
The `except` block captures that specific exception so your program doesn’t crash – instead you
get a chance to tell the user “that wasn’t an integer, try again” GeeksforGeeks.

4. The `continue` statement

python

continue

What `continue` does:

It skips the rest of the loop body and jumps straight back to the top of the `while True` to run
another iteration Python documentationPython documentation.

This means you don’t accidentally run any code below (such as checking if `lower < upper`) unless
both inputs were valid integers.

How it all fits together

1. Loop start (`while True`): assume we need bounds.

2. Try to read and convert two inputs to `int`.

3. On success (no `ValueError`), fall through—next in your full code you’d check that `lower < upper`
and use `break` to exit.
4. On failure (`ValueError`), print the friendly prompt and `continue` back to step 1 without crashing.

This pattern ensures your program is robust (won’t die on bad input) and user-friendly (gives clear
guidance and keeps asking until it gets what it needs).

Sources

explain all this code line by line to zero levl experienced person in codin:import random

# 1) Get and validate the bounds:

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:
print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only.\n")
continue

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 if lower >= upper:
print("⇨ Lower bound must be less than upper bound. Try again.\n")
else:
break

# 2) Pick the secret number

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

# 3) Set max attempts and inform the player

max_attempts = 7
print(f"\nI’m thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.")
print(f"You have {max_attempts} attempts. Good luck!\n")

# 4) The guessing loop

attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
# 4a) Ask for a guess, with input validation
try:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: Your guess? "))
except ValueError:
print(" ⇨ That’s not a whole number. Try again.\n")
continue # don’t count this as an attempt

# 4b) Check range

if guess < lower or guess > upper:
print(f" ⇨ Please guess between {lower} and {upper}.\n")
continue # still doesn’t cost an attempt

# 4c) Compare to the secret

if guess == secret:
🎉
print(f" Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")
break
elif guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")

attempt += 1

# 5) Ran out of attempts?

else:
😢
print(f" Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")

Here’s a beginner‐friendly, line-by-line walkthrough of your complete guessing-game code. At the end
you’ll understand exactly what each part does and why it’s there.

Summary

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This program lets the computer pick a secret number within bounds you choose, then gives you a fixed
number of attempts to guess it. It carefully checks that all inputs are valid integers, ensures your lower
bound is less than your upper, gives clear feedback on each guess (too high/low), and handles every
error case without crashing.

1) Importing the random module

python

import random

What it does: Brings in Python’s built-in random library so you can later use `random.randint()` to
pick a secret number .

2) Getting and validating the bounds

python

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:
print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only.\n")
continue

if lower >= upper:

print("⇨ Lower bound must be less than upper bound. Try again.\n")
else:
break

1. `while True:`
Starts an infinite loop that will keep asking until you give two valid numbers .

2. `try:`
Begins a block where Python will attempt the indented code. If anything goes wrong with
integer conversion, it’ll jump to the `except` .
3. `lower = int(input(...))` and `upper = int(input(...))`

First calls `input()`, which pauses and waits for you to type text, then presses Enter .
Wraps that text in `int(...)`, converting it to a whole number—or raising `ValueError` if it
isn’t one .

4. `except ValueError:`
Catches any conversion errors (e.g. you typed “five” or “3.14”) so the program doesn’t crash .
5. `print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only.\n")`

Shows an error message, then

6. `continue`
Jumps back to the top of the `while True` loop, ignoring the rest of this iteration .
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 7. `if lower >= upper:`
Checks your two numbers; if the lower bound isn’t actually smaller, it warns you .
8. `else: break`

Once you’ve entered two valid, ordered integers, `break` immediately exits the `while True`
loop so the program can move on .

3) Picking the secret number

python

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

Uses `random.randint(a, b)` to choose an inclusive random integer between your `lower` and
`upper` bounds .

4) Setting attempts and informing the player

python

max_attempts = 7
print(f"\nI’m thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.")
print(f"You have {max_attempts} attempts. Good luck!\n")

1. `max_attempts = 7`
Defines how many guesses the player gets.

2. Two `print(f"...")` lines

Use f-strings (formatted string literals) to embed your variables directly into displayed
messages .

5) The guessing loop

python

attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
# 4a) Ask for a guess, with input validation
try:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}: Your guess? "))
except ValueError:
print(" ⇨ That’s not a whole number. Try again.\n")
continue # don’t count this as an attempt

# 4b) Check range

if guess < lower or guess > upper:
print(f" ⇨ Please guess between {lower} and {upper}.\n")
continue # still doesn’t cost an attempt

# 4c) Compare to the secret

print(f" 🎉
if guess == secret:
Correct! You found it in {attempt} tries.")
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 break
elif guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")

attempt += 1

5.1 Initial counter

`attempt = 1` sets your first guess number. Humans normally count from 1, not 0.

5.2 Loop condition

`while attempt <= max_attempts:`

Keeps repeating as long as you haven’t used up all your tries .

5.3 Validating the guess

Try/except around `int(input(...))` again prevents crashes on bad input.

If conversion fails, it prints a message and `continue`s—so that invalid entry doesn’t use up one of
your allowed attempts.

5.4 Enforcing the chosen range

`if guess < lower or guess > upper:` checks you stayed within the bounds you set.

If out of range, it warns you and `continue`s (still not counting as an attempt).

5.5 Comparing to the secret

Exact match: prints success and `break`s out of the loop immediately (so you don’t increment
`attempt` further).

Too low/high: prints a hint, then falls through to `attempt += 1`.

5.6 Incrementing

`attempt += 1` runs only after a non-breaking iteration—so wrong guesses cost you exactly one try.

6) Handling “out of attempts”

python

else:
print(f" 😢 Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")
This `else` block on a `while` runs only if the loop ended without hitting a `break` .
It neatly covers the “you lost” case without extra flags.

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You’ve now seen every line explained in plain English. Feel free to tweak messages, change
`max_attempts`, or add more features (like a replay loop) now that you understand the core flow!

ok then what about this code of mine show me where i got wrong and how to do it better and give
me the correct code and explain it to a zero day python coder:import random

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("enter lower bound: "))
upper = int(input("enter upper bound: "))
except ValueError:
print("please put a whole number")
continue
if lower >= upper :
print("lower cannot be higher than upper")
else:
break

secret_number = random.randint(lower,upper)
attempt = 1
max_attempt = 7
print(f"am thinking of a number from {lower} - {upper}")
print(f"you have {max_attempt} max attempt")

while attempt <= max_attempt:

try:
guess = int(input(f"can you guess what number am thinking off ({attempt} of {max_attempt}
tries): "))
except ValueError:
print("you can only use whole numbers")
continue

if guess < lower or guess > upper:

print(f"please input between {lower} - {upper}")
continue

if guess == secret_number:
print("congrats you won ")
break
elif guess < secret_number:
print("your guess was too low")
else:
print("your guess was too high")
attempt += 1

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 else:
print(f"bruh you lost after that many attempts the guess was {secret_number}")

Here’s a quick overview of what’s happening—and how we can make it clearer, more robust, and easier
for a brand-new Python coder to follow:

What’s going wrong: your logic mostly works, but there are small bugs (mis-counted attempts,
unclear messages) and missing checks (no feedback when they win on the last try, variable naming
could be clearer).
How to improve: use consistent names, validate inputs more cleanly, and structure the loop so
every case (win, lose, invalid input) is handled gracefully.

The corrected code below is fully annotated for a “zero-day” Python learner, then we’ll walk
through each section line by line in plain English.

1. Key Issues in Your Version

1. Variable names

`max_attempt` vs. `max_attempts`: inconsistent, easy to typo.

2. Win message on last attempt
If you guess correctly on your final allowed try, the code prints “congrats” but then falls
through to the `else` and also prints “you lost.”
3. Final “you lost” message wording
`"bruh you lost after that many attempts"` is casual and unclear for a beginner.

4. No early exit on a correct guess

You do `break` when they win, but because of indentation it can be unclear; plus we need to
ensure no further code runs.

5. Little feedback at start

You never clearly print your range and attempt count in one place before guessing begins.

2. Clean, Beginner-Friendly Rewrite

python

import random

# 1) --- Get valid bounds from the user ---

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:
print(" ➔ Please type whole numbers only. Try again.\n")
continue

if lower >= upper:

print(" ➔ Lower bound must be less than upper bound. Try again.\n")
else:

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 break # valid bounds, exit this input loop

# 2) --- Have the computer pick its secret number ---

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

# 3) --- Explain the game rules to the player ---

max_attempts = 7
print(f"\nI’m thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.")
print(f"You have {max_attempts} tries to guess it. Good luck!\n")

# 4) --- Start the guessing loop ---

attempt = 1
while attempt <= max_attempts:
# 4a) Get the player's guess, handling non-integer input
try:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}/{max_attempts}: Your guess? "))
except ValueError:
print(" ➔ That’s not a whole number. Try again.\n")
continue # invalid input doesn’t count as a try

# 4b) Check if guess is inside the allowed range

if guess < lower or guess > upper:
print(f" ➔ Please guess between {lower} and {upper}.\n")
continue # still doesn’t count

# 4c) Compare the guess to the secret number

print(f" 🎉
if guess == secret:
Congratulations—you got it in {attempt} tries!")
break # exit the loop immediately on win
elif guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")

# 4d) Only increment after a valid, incorrect guess

attempt += 1

# 5) --- If we never hit `break`, the player ran out of attempts ---
else:
print(f" 😢Out of attempts! The number was {secret}.")

3. Line-by-Line Explanation for a Total Beginner

1. `import random`

Loads Python’s random toolbox so we can have the computer pick a number for us.
2. `while True:`
Starts a loop that will run until we explicitly `break` out. We use this to keep asking for valid
bounds.
3. `try: ... except ValueError:`
We attempt to turn whatever the user types into an integer (`int(...)`).

If they type letters or decimals, Python raises a “ValueError” and jumps into the `except`
block, where we print an error and `continue` back to the top of the loop.
4. `if lower >= upper:`

Ensures the first number (`lower`) really is smaller than the second (`upper`). If not, we warn
them and loop again.
5. `break`

Exits the `while True` loop once we have two valid, ordered integers.

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 6. `secret = random.randint(lower, upper)`
The computer quietly picks a random whole number between `lower` and `upper`, inclusive.

7. Printing the game instructions

We use “f-strings” (`f"..."`) to neatly insert our variables into the message shown to the
player.

8. `while attempt <= max_attempts:`

Another loop, this one runs up to the allowed number of tries. If `attempt` ever exceeds
`max_attempts`, the loop stops.

9. Guess input & validation

Just like with the bounds, we `try/except` around `int(input(...))` so bad entries don’t
crash the game, and we `continue` (retry) without using up a try.
10. Range check

If they guess outside the bounds, we print a reminder and `continue`—again, not costing an
attempt.
11. Comparing answer

If the guess matches `secret`, we congratulate and `break` out of the loop.
Otherwise, we give a “too low” or “too high” hint and (after that) increment `attempt` by 1.
12. `else:` on the `while`

In Python, a `while` can have an `else` that only runs if the loop ended naturally (i.e., never
hit a `break`). Here it prints the “you lost” message and reveals the secret.

With these changes and this explanation, your game will be reliable, clear, and friendly—even for
someone who’s never written a line of code before. Give it a try and watch how each part works!

Uploaded image
modify the code to this :Most of the geeks from a CS (Computer Science) background, think of their
very first project after doing a Programming Language. Here, you will get your very first project and
the basic one, in this article.

Task: Below are the steps:

Build a Number guessing game, in which the user selects a range.

Let’s say User selected a range, i.e., from A to B, where A and B belong to Integer.
Some random integer will be selected by the system and the user has to guess that integer in the
minimum number of guesses
Analysis:

Explanation 1: If the User inputs range, let’s say from 1 to 100. And compiler randomly selected
42 as the integer. And now the guessing game started, so the user entered 50 as his/her first guess.
The compiler shows “Try Again! You guessed too high”. That’s mean the random number (i.e., 42)
doesn’t fall in the range from 50 to 100. That’s the importance of guessing half of the range. And

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 again, the user guesses half of 50 (Could you tell me why?). So the half of 50 is 25. The user enters
25 as his/her second guess. This time compiler will show, “Try Again! You guessed too small”. That’s
mean the integers less than 25 (from 1 to 25) are useless to be guessed. Now the range for user
guessing is shorter, i.e., from 25 to 50. Intelligently! The user guessed half of this range, so that,
user guessed 37 as his/her third guess. This time again the compiler shows the output, “Try Again!
You guessed too small”. For the user, the guessing range is getting smaller by each guess. Now, the
guessing range for user is from 37 to 50, for which the user guessed 43 as his/her fourth guess. This
time the compiler will show an output “Try Again! You guessed too high”. So, the new guessing
range for users will be from 37 to 43, again for which the user guessed the half of this range, that is,
40 as his/her fifth guess. This time the compiler shows the output, “Try Again! You guessed too
small”. Leaving the guess even smaller such that from 41 to 43. And now the user guessed 41 as
his/her sixth guess. Which is wrong and shows output “Try Again! You guessed too small”. And
finally, the User Guessed the right number which is 42 as his/her seventh guess.

Total Number of Guesses = 7

Explanation 2: If the User inputs range, let’s say from 1 to 50. And compiler randomly selected 42
as the integer. And now the guessing game started. So the half of 50 is 25. The user enters 25 as
his/her First guess. This time compiler will show, “Try Again! You guessed too small”. That’s mean the
integers less than 25 (from 1 to 25) are useless to be guessed. Now the range for user guessing is
shorter, i.e., from 25 to 50. Intelligently! User guessed half of this range, so that, user guessed 37 as
his/her second guess. This time again the compiler shows the output, “Try Again! You guessed too
small”. For the user, the guessing range is getting smaller by each guess. Now, the guessing range
for user is from 37 to 50, for which the user guessed 43 as his/her third guess. This time the
compiler will show an output “Try Again! You guessed too high”. So, the new guessing range for
users will be from 37 to 43, again for which the user guessed the half of this range, that is, 40 as
his/her fourth guess. This time the compiler shows the output, “Try Again! You guessed too small”.
Leaving the guess even smaller such that from 41 to 43. And now the user guessed 41 as his/her
fifth guess. Which is wrong and shows output “Try Again! You guessed too small”. And finally, the
User Guessed the right number which is 42 as his/her sixth guess.

Total Number of Guesses = 6

So, the minimum number of guesses depends upon range. And the compiler must calculate the
minimum number of guessing depends upon the range, on its own. For this, we have a formula:-

Minimum number of guessing = log2(Upper bound – lower bound + 1)

Step-by-step algorithm:

User inputs the lower bound and upper bound of the range.
The compiler generates a random integer between the range and store it in a variable for future
references.
For repetitive guessing, a while loop will be initialized.
If the user guessed a number which is greater than a randomly selected number, the user gets an
output “Try Again! You guessed too high“
Else If the user guessed a number which is smaller than a randomly selected number, the user gets
an output “Try Again! You guessed too small”
And if the user guessed in a minimum number of guesses, the user gets a “Congratulations! ”
Output.
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 Else if the user didn’t guess the integer in the minimum number of guesses, he/she will get “Better
Luck Next Time!” output.
Below is the Implementation of the Algorithm:

import random

print("Hi welcome to the game, This is a number guessing game.\nYou got 7 chances to guess the
number. Let's start the game")

number_to_guess = random.randrange(100)

chances = 7

guess_counter = 0

while guess_counter < chances:

guess_counter += 1
my_guess = int(input('Please Enter your Guess : '))

if my_guess == number_to_guess:
print(f'The number is {number_to_guess} and you found it right !! in the {guess_counter}
attempt')
break

elif guess_counter >= chances and my_guess != number_to_guess:

print(f'Oops sorry, The number is {number_to_guess} better luck next time')

elif my_guess > number_to_guess:

print('Your guess is higher ')

elif my_guess < number_to_guess:

print('Your guess is lesser')
OUTPUT: Below is the output of the above Program

OUTPUT FOR THE GUESSING GAME

Time Complexity:
The time complexity of this code is O(log2n) where n is the difference between lower and upper
bound of the range.

Space Complexity:
The space complexity of this code is O(1) as all the variables used in this code are of the same size
and no extra space is required to store the values.

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Below is a complete, beginner-friendly rewrite of your “minimum-guesses” version of the game. It:

1. Asks you for a lower and upper bound (validates they’re integers and ordered).
2. Picks a secret number in that range.
3. Computes the minimum number of guesses needed by the formula

python

min_guesses = ceil(log2(upper – lower + 1))

4. Gives you exactly that many chances.

5. If you hit it in exactly the minimum guesses, you see “Congratulations!”
Otherwise (even if you eventually guess it in more tries, or run out), you see “Better luck next
time!”

python

import random
import math

# 1) Read & validate bounds

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:
print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only. Try again.\n")
continue

if lower >= upper:

print("⇨ Lower bound must be less than upper bound. Try again.\n")
else:
break

# 2) Pick the secret number

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

# 3) Compute minimum guesses needed (binary-search strategy)

# range_size = upper – lower + 1
range_size = upper - lower + 1
min_guesses = math.ceil(math.log2(range_size))

print(f"\nI’m thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.")

print(f"You need at most {min_guesses} guesses (in theory) to find it.\n")

# 4) Let the user guess up to min_guesses times

attempt = 1
while attempt <= min_guesses:
try:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}/{min_guesses}: Your guess? "))
except ValueError:
print(" ⇨ That’s not a whole number. Try again.\n")
continue # bad input doesn’t count

if guess < lower or guess > upper:

print(f" ⇨ Please guess between {lower} and {upper}.\n")
continue # out-of-range doesn’t count

if guess == secret:
# 5a) If we guessed exactly on or before the last allowed try

print(f"
else:
🎉
if attempt == min_guesses:
Congratulations! You found it in {attempt} guesses—the minimum possible!")

👍
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 print(f" 👍
You got it in {attempt} guesses—but the theoretical minimum was {min_guesses}
print("Better luck next time!")
break

# 5b) Wrong guess: give a hint

if guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")

attempt += 1

# 6) If we exit the loop without a correct break, the user failed

else:
print(f" 😢Out of guesses! The number was {secret}. Better luck next time!")

Line-by-Line Explanation for a True Beginner

1. `import random, math`
Loads two built-in toolkits:

`random` to pick a secret number randomly.

`math` so we can compute `log2` and `ceil`.
2. Bounds loop

python

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound…"))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound…"))
except ValueError:
print("Please type whole numbers only.")
continue
if lower >= upper:
print("Lower bound must be less than upper bound.")
else:
break

`while True` means “repeat until we `break`.”

Inside, we `input()` two values and try to turn them into integers.
If you type something invalid, `int(...)` raises `ValueError`, we catch it, show an error, and
`continue` back to the top.

Once we have two integers, we check that the first is less than the second; only then do we
`break` out.

3. Pick the secret

python

secret = random.randint(lower, upper)

Chooses one whole number between your `lower` and `upper`, inclusive.
4. Compute minimum guesses

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 python

range_size = upper - lower + 1

min_guesses = math.ceil(math.log2(range_size))

`range_size` is how many numbers are in your interval.

`log2(range_size)` gives the exponent you’d need if you kept halving the interval each time
(i.e., binary search).

`ceil(...)` rounds up, since you can’t make a fraction of a guess.

5. Explain the rules

python

print(f"… need at most {min_guesses} guesses …")

Tells the user how many tries they have.

6. Guessing loop

python

attempt = 1
while attempt <= min_guesses:
…
if guess == secret:
…
break
…
attempt += 1
else:
print("Out of guesses! …")

Runs as long as `attempt` is within your allowed range.

Re-uses the same `try/except` pattern to guard each `int(input(...))`.
If you ever `break` (by guessing correctly), you skip the `else:` block.
The `else:` under a `while` runs only if you never hit `break`—that’s your “you lost” message.

7. On a correct guess

python

print(" 🎉
if attempt == min_guesses:
Congratulations! … minimum possible!")
else:
print(" 👍 You got it … Better luck next time!")

If you solve it in exactly the minimum number of guesses, we celebrate.

If you solve it in fewer guesses (lucky!), we still congratulate—but note the theory and say
“better luck next time” at hitting that theoretical bound.

Now you have:

A game that automatically computes how many guesses you should need,

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 Robust input checks so it never crashes, and
Clear, beginner-friendly prompts and comments explaining each step.

Happy coding!

Most of the geeks from a CS (Computer Science) background, think of their very first project after
doing a Programming Language. Here, you will get your very first project and the basic one, in this
article.

Task: Below are the steps:

Build a Number guessing game, in which the user selects a range.

Let’s say User selected a range, i.e., from A to B, where A and B belong to Integer.
Some random integer will be selected by the system and the user has to guess that integer in the
minimum number of guesses
Analysis:

Explanation 1: If the User inputs range, let’s say from 1 to 100. And compiler randomly selected
42 as the integer. And now the guessing game started, so the user entered 50 as his/her first guess.
The compiler shows “Try Again! You guessed too high”. That’s mean the random number (i.e., 42)
doesn’t fall in the range from 50 to 100. That’s the importance of guessing half of the range. And
again, the user guesses half of 50 (Could you tell me why?). So the half of 50 is 25. The user enters
25 as his/her second guess. This time compiler will show, “Try Again! You guessed too small”. That’s
mean the integers less than 25 (from 1 to 25) are useless to be guessed. Now the range for user
guessing is shorter, i.e., from 25 to 50. Intelligently! The user guessed half of this range, so that,
user guessed 37 as his/her third guess. This time again the compiler shows the output, “Try Again!
You guessed too small”. For the user, the guessing range is getting smaller by each guess. Now, the
guessing range for user is from 37 to 50, for which the user guessed 43 as his/her fourth guess. This
time the compiler will show an output “Try Again! You guessed too high”. So, the new guessing
range for users will be from 37 to 43, again for which the user guessed the half of this range, that is,
40 as his/her fifth guess. This time the compiler shows the output, “Try Again! You guessed too
small”. Leaving the guess even smaller such that from 41 to 43. And now the user guessed 41 as
his/her sixth guess. Which is wrong and shows output “Try Again! You guessed too small”. And
finally, the User Guessed the right number which is 42 as his/her seventh guess.

Total Number of Guesses = 7

Explanation 2: If the User inputs range, let’s say from 1 to 50. And compiler randomly selected 42
as the integer. And now the guessing game started. So the half of 50 is 25. The user enters 25 as
his/her First guess. This time compiler will show, “Try Again! You guessed too small”. That’s mean the
integers less than 25 (from 1 to 25) are useless to be guessed. Now the range for user guessing is
shorter, i.e., from 25 to 50. Intelligently! User guessed half of this range, so that, user guessed 37 as
his/her second guess. This time again the compiler shows the output, “Try Again! You guessed too
small”. For the user, the guessing range is getting smaller by each guess. Now, the guessing range
for user is from 37 to 50, for which the user guessed 43 as his/her third guess. This time the
compiler will show an output “Try Again! You guessed too high”. So, the new guessing range for
users will be from 37 to 43, again for which the user guessed the half of this range, that is, 40 as
his/her fourth guess. This time the compiler shows the output, “Try Again! You guessed too small”.

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 Leaving the guess even smaller such that from 41 to 43. And now the user guessed 41 as his/her
fifth guess. Which is wrong and shows output “Try Again! You guessed too small”. And finally, the
User Guessed the right number which is 42 as his/her sixth guess.

Total Number of Guesses = 6

So, the minimum number of guesses depends upon range. And the compiler must calculate the
minimum number of guessing depends upon the range, on its own. For this, we have a formula:-

Minimum number of guessing = log2(Upper bound – lower bound + 1)

Step-by-step algorithm:

User inputs the lower bound and upper bound of the range.
The compiler generates a random integer between the range and store it in a variable for future
references.
For repetitive guessing, a while loop will be initialized.
If the user guessed a number which is greater than a randomly selected number, the user gets an
output “Try Again! You guessed too high“
Else If the user guessed a number which is smaller than a randomly selected number, the user gets
an output “Try Again! You guessed too small”
And if the user guessed in a minimum number of guesses, the user gets a “Congratulations! ”
Output.
Else if the user didn’t guess the integer in the minimum number of guesses, he/she will get “Better
Luck Next Time!” output.
Below is the Implementation of the Algorithm:

import random

print("Hi welcome to the game, This is a number guessing game.\nYou got 7 chances to guess the
number. Let's start the game")

number_to_guess = random.randrange(100)

chances = 7

guess_counter = 0

while guess_counter < chances:

guess_counter += 1
my_guess = int(input('Please Enter your Guess : '))

if my_guess == number_to_guess:
print(f'The number is {number_to_guess} and you found it right !! in the {guess_counter}
attempt')
break
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 elif guess_counter >= chances and my_guess != number_to_guess:
print(f'Oops sorry, The number is {number_to_guess} better luck next time')

elif my_guess > number_to_guess:

print('Your guess is higher ')

elif my_guess < number_to_guess:

print('Your guess is lesser')
OUTPUT: Below is the output of the above Program

OUTPUT FOR THE GUESSING GAME

Time Complexity:
The time complexity of this code is O(log2n) where n is the difference between lower and upper
bound of the range.

Space Complexity:
The space complexity of this code is O(1) as all the variables used in this code are of the same size
and no extra space is required to store the values.

Below is a complete, beginner-friendly implementation of the “minimum-guesses” number-guessing

game you described. It:

1. Asks for and validates lower and upper bounds, repeating until you enter two integers with the
lower less than the upper. Stack Overflow
2. Picks a secret number in that range using `random.randint`. Python documentation
3. Calculates the theoretical minimum number of guesses as

python

min_guesses = ceil(log2(upper − lower + 1))

using `math.log2` and `math.ceil`. Python Tutorials – Real Python

4. Gives you exactly that many attempts in a `while` loop, validating each guess for integer-ness,
checking it lies within your bounds, then hinting “too high” or “too low.” GeeksforGeeks

5. On a correct guess within the allowed tries, it tells you if you hit the theoretical minimum or not.
Otherwise it prints “Better luck next time!” or the final “out of guesses” message via the `while …
else` construct. Python documentation

Code Implementation

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 python

import random
import math

# 1) Read & validate bounds

while True:
try:
lower = int(input("Enter the LOWER bound (e.g. 1): "))
upper = int(input("Enter the UPPER bound (must be larger): "))
except ValueError:
print("⇨ Please type whole numbers only. Try again.\n")
continue # bad input? retry without crashing :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}

if lower >= upper:

print("⇨ Lower bound must be less than upper bound. Try again.\n")
else:
break # both inputs valid and ordered :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}

# 2) Pick the secret number

secret = random.randint(lower, upper) # uniform random integer :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7

# 3) Compute minimum guesses (binary-search strategy)

range_size = upper - lower + 1
min_guesses = math.ceil(math.log2(range_size)) # ceil of log2(range_size) :contentReference[oaicite

print(f"\nI’m thinking of a number between {lower} and {upper}.") # f-string for clarity :contentRe
print(f"You have {min_guesses} guesses to find it (in theory).\n")

# 4) Let the user guess up to min_guesses times

attempt = 1
while attempt <= min_guesses:
# 4a) Get & validate the guess
try:
guess = int(input(f"Attempt {attempt}/{min_guesses}: Your guess? "))
except ValueError:
print(" ⇨ That’s not a whole number. Try again.\n")
continue # invalid input? doesn’t count :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}

# 4b) Check if guess is within bounds

if guess < lower or guess > upper:
print(f" ⇨ Please guess between {lower} and {upper}.\n")
continue # out-of-range? doesn’t count :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}

# 4c) Compare to the secret

if guess == secret:
# Did we hit the theoretical minimum exactly?

print(f" 🎉
if attempt == min_guesses:
Congratulations! You found it in exactly {attempt} guesses—the minimum possib
else:
print(f" 👍 You got it in {attempt} guesses, although you needed only {min_guesses}. Bett
break # exit on success
elif guess < secret:
print(" ➔ Too low! Try again.\n")
else:
print(" ➔ Too high! Try again.\n")

attempt += 1 # only increment after a valid, incorrect guess :contentReference[oaicite:12]{inde

# 5) If loop finishes without break, you ran out of guesses

else:
print(f"😢 Out of guesses! The number was {secret}. Better luck next time!")

How It Works
1. Validating the Range

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 We use a `while True:` infinite loop and wrap the two `input()` calls in a `try/except ValueError`
so that typing anything other than a whole number doesn’t crash the program. Stack Overflow
After converting both to `int`, we check that `lower < upper`; otherwise we prompt again and
loop. Stack Overflow

2. Picking the Secret

`random.randint(lower, upper)` picks one integer uniformly between your bounds, inclusive.
Python documentation

3. Computing the Theoretical Minimum

Binary search shows you can halve the interval each time, so in the worst case you need

⌈log2 (range size)⌉

​

We compute `range_size = upper − lower + 1` and then `min_guesses =

math.ceil(math.log2(range_size))` using the `math` module’s `log2` and `ceil`.
Python Tutorials – Real Python

4. The Guessing Loop

We loop `while attempt <= min_guesses:` so you get exactly that many tries. If you ever `break` (by
guessing correctly), Python skips the `else:` block at the end. Python documentation

Each iteration:
1. We again `try/except` around `int(input(...))` so invalid entries don’t count as an
attempt. GeeksforGeeks
2. We check the guess is within `[lower, upper]`, otherwise we prompt again without
incrementing. Stack Overflow
3. We compare `guess` to `secret`, printing “too low” or “too high” hints.

4. If it’s exactly right, we check whether `attempt == min_guesses` to decide between a true
“minimum-possible” win message or a “you were lucky but not optimal” message, then
`break`.

5. After any valid wrong guess, we do `attempt += 1`. Python documentation

5. Out of Guesses

If the loop condition ever becomes false without hitting the `break`, Python runs the `else:` block
and prints your final “better luck next time” message. Python documentation

This structure makes your game robust (no crashes), optimal (computes its own minimum tries), and
clear (friendly messages at every step). Enjoy experimenting!

Sources

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