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Basics of Coding

This document serves as a beginner's guide to coding, focusing on fundamental programming concepts using Python. It covers topics such as printing output, variables, user input, conditional statements, loops, functions, lists, dictionaries, exception handling, and file handling. The guide emphasizes the importance of practice to build a strong coding foundation.

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6 views3 pages

Basics of Coding

This document serves as a beginner's guide to coding, focusing on fundamental programming concepts using Python. It covers topics such as printing output, variables, user input, conditional statements, loops, functions, lists, dictionaries, exception handling, and file handling. The guide emphasizes the importance of practice to build a strong coding foundation.

Uploaded by

chirurxc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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📌 Basics of Coding – A Beginner’s Guide

Welcome to the basics of coding! In this document, we will cover fundamental programming
concepts with simple Python examples and explanations.

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1. Printing Output
print("Hello, World!") # This prints "Hello, World!" to the screen

2. Variables and Data Types


name = "Alice" # A string variable

age = 25 # An integer variable

height = 5.6 # A float variable

is_student = True # A boolean variable

print(name, age, height, is_student) # Printing multiple variables

3. User Input
user_name = input("Enter your name: ") # Takes user input as a string

print("Hello, " + user_name + "!") # Concatenates and prints user input

4. Conditional Statements
num = int(input("Enter a number: ")) # Converts input to an integer

if num > 0:

print("Positive number") # Executes if num is greater than 0

elif num == 0:

print("Zero") # Executes if num is 0

else:

print("Negative number") # Executes if num is less than 0

5. Loops
# Using a for loop to print numbers from 1 to 5

for i in range(1, 6):


print(i)

# Using a while loop to count down from 5

count = 5

while count > 0:

print(count)

count -= 1 # Decreases count by 1 each iteration

6. Functions
def greet(name):

"""This function greets the user."""

print("Hello, " + name + "!")

greet("Alice") # Calls the function with "Alice" as an argument

7. Lists
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] # Creating a list

print(fruits[0]) # Accessing the first element

fruits.append("orange") # Adding a new element

print(fruits) # Printing the updated list

8. Dictionaries
person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "city": "New York"} # Creating a dictionary

print(person["name"]) # Accessing value using a key

person["job"] = "Engineer" # Adding a new key-value pair

print(person)

9. Exception Handling
try:

num = int(input("Enter a number: ")) # Try to convert input to an integer

print(10 / num) # Attempt division

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("Cannot divide by zero!") # Handles division by zero


except ValueError:

print("Invalid input! Please enter a number.") # Handles non-numeric input

10. File Handling


# Writing to a file

with open("sample.txt", "w") as file:

file.write("Hello, this is a test file.") # Writing to the file

# Reading from a file

with open("sample.txt", "r") as file:

content = file.read() # Reading file contents

print(content) # Printing the content

🌟 Conclusion
These are the fundamental building blocks of coding. Keep practicing these concepts to
build a strong foundation. Happy coding! 🚀

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