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Lists in Python

The document provides a comprehensive overview of lists in Python, covering their definition, creation methods, and operations such as accessing, modifying, and slicing elements. It also discusses two-dimensional lists, iteration techniques, and user input for list creation. Key features include mutability, support for multiple data types, and various built-in methods for list management.

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1 views

Lists in Python

The document provides a comprehensive overview of lists in Python, covering their definition, creation methods, and operations such as accessing, modifying, and slicing elements. It also discusses two-dimensional lists, iteration techniques, and user input for list creation. Key features include mutability, support for multiple data types, and various built-in methods for list management.

Uploaded by

sandeeprathour125
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lists in Python

1. Introduction to Lists
• A list is a built-in data structure in Python that can store multiple
values of different types.
• Lists are mutable, meaning they can be modified after creation.
• They are enclosed within square brackets [ ] and elements are
separated by commas ,.

Examples:

# Empty list
list1 = []

# List of integers
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# List of floating-point numbers


list3 = [1.1, 2.2, 3.3]

# List of strings
list4 = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

# List with mixed data types


list5 = ["Hello", 42, 3.14, True]

# Nested list (List inside another list)


list6 = ["One", [2, 4, 6], ["A", "B", "C"]]

2. Creating Lists

Lists can be created using:


• Direct Assignment
• Using list() Constructor
• List Comprehension
Examples:

# Using list() constructor


list1 = list((1, 2, 3))
print(list1) # Output: [1, 2, 3]

# Using list comprehension


squares = [x**2 for x in range(1, 6)]
print(squares) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

3. Accessing Elements

List elements are accessed using indexing.

Positive Indexing (Left to Right)

list1 = ["Python", "Java", "C++", "JavaScript"]


print(list1[0]) # Output: "Python"
print(list1[2]) # Output: "C++"

Negative Indexing (Right to Left)

print(list1[-1]) # Output: "JavaScript"


print(list1[-3]) # Output: "Java"

4. Modifying Lists

Lists are mutable, meaning elements can be modified.

Changing an Element

list1[1] = "C#"
print(list1) # Output: ['Python', 'C#', 'C++', 'JavaScript']
Appending Elements (.append())

list1.append("Ruby")
print(list1) # Output: ['Python', 'C#', 'C++', 'JavaScript', 'Ruby']

Inserting Elements (.insert())

list1.insert(2, "Swift")
print(list1) # Output: ['Python', 'C#', 'Swift', 'C++', 'JavaScript', 'Ruby']

5. List Operations

Concatenation (+)

list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [4, 5, 6]
result = list1 + list2
print(result) # Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Replication (*)

list1 = [0, 1]
print(list1 * 3) # Output: [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]

6. List Slicing

numbers = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]


print(numbers[2:5]) # Output: [30, 40, 50]
print(numbers[:4]) # Output: [10, 20, 30, 40]
print(numbers[3:]) # Output: [40, 50, 60, 70, 80]
print(numbers[::2]) # Output: [10, 30, 50, 70]
print(numbers[::-1]) # Output: [80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10]

7. List Methods
8. Two-Dimensional Lists (2D Lists)

A 2D list is a list of lists, like a matrix.

Creating a 2D List

matrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]

Accessing Elements

print(matrix[0]) # Output: [1, 2, 3]


print(matrix[1][2]) # Output: 6

Modifying Elements

matrix[1][1] = 10
print(matrix) # Output: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 10, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
9. Iterating Over Lists

Using for loop

for row in matrix:


for col in row:
print(col, end=" ")
print()

Using List Comprehension

flattened = [col for row in matrix for col in row]


print(flattened) # Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 6, 7, 8, 9]

11. Taking User Input for Lists

Single Line Input

lst = list(map(int, input().split()))


print(lst)

Multi-line Input (2D List)

rows = int(input("Enter rows: "))


cols = int(input("Enter cols: "))
matrix = [[int(input()) for _ in range(cols)] for _ in range(rows)]
print(matrix)

*Note

Lists are ordered, mutable, and can store multiple data types.
Operations include concatenation (+), replication (*), slicing, and looping.
List methods like append(), pop(), remove(), and sort() help manage elements.
2D Lists store tabular data and are accessed using two indices.
List comprehensions provide a compact way to create lists.
Searching can be done using linear search.
User inputs can be taken in space-separated or multi-line format.

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