Assignment

Name: Umair Waheed

Registration No: 4630/FOC/BSCS/F22(B)

1. Twenty Contemporary Web Development Languages/Frameworks:

1. HTML5
2. CSS3
3. JavaScript
4. TypeScript
5. React.js
6. Vue.js
7. Angular
8. Svelte
9. Node.js
10. Express.js
11. Django
12. Flask
13. Ruby on Rails
14. ASP.NET Core
15. Laravel
16. Symfony
17. Tailwind CSS
18. Bootstrap
19. GraphQL
20. Next.js

2. Comparison Table of Key Characteristics, Pros, and Cons

Language/Framework Key Characteristics Pros Cons

Markup language for Simple, essential for
Static, no dynamic
HTML5 structuring web web development,
functionality.
content. great compatibility.
Language/Framework Key Characteristics Pros Cons
Flexible layouts,
Complex for responsive
Stylesheets for web modern features
CSS3 designs without
pages. (animations,
frameworks.
transitions).
Widely used, fast
Client-side scripting execution, rich Can be hard to debug,
JavaScript
language. ecosystem, dynamic security risks.
pages.
Strong typing, easier
Superset of JavaScript Requires compilation,
TypeScript debugging, better
with static typing. steeper learning curve.
scalability.
Component-based Steep learning curve
JavaScript library for
architecture, fast with state management,
React.js building UI
rendering, large JSX syntax can be
components.
ecosystem. confusing.
Simple integration,
Progressive JavaScript Smaller community
Vue.js lightweight, two-way
framework. than React/Angular.
data binding.
TypeScript-based Full-featured (routing,
Can be complex, large
Angular framework for forms, HTTP), two-
bundle size.
building SPAs. way binding.
Smaller ecosystem,
No virtual DOM,
Compiler-based fewer libraries
Svelte lightweight, fast
framework. compared to
performance.
React/Angular.
Non-blocking, fast I/O,
JavaScript runtime Not suitable for CPU-
Node.js single language stack
environment. heavy applications.
(JS), large ecosystem.
Minimal, flexible, fast, Lacks built-in features,
Web framework for
Express.js excellent for building requires many
Node.js.
APIs. additional modules.
Batteries-included, Can be heavy for small
Python-based full-
Django secure, great for rapid apps, steep learning
stack web framework.
development. curve.
Lightweight, flexible, Less functionality out
Micro web framework
Flask easy to get started of the box, requires
for Python.
with. more extensions.
Convention over Performance
Full-stack framework configuration, large bottlenecks with large
Ruby on Rails
for Ruby. community, fast apps, steep learning
development. curve.
Language/Framework Key Characteristics Pros Cons
Open-source, cross- Fast, high- Can be difficult for
ASP.NET Core platform framework performance, great for beginners, Microsoft-
from Microsoft. enterprise apps. centric.
MVC structure, built- Can be slow with large
PHP framework with in tools for routing, applications, learning
Laravel
an elegant syntax. security, and curve for new
migrations. developers.
Reusable components, Steeper learning curve,
Full-stack PHP
Symfony flexible, large less beginner-friendly
framework.
ecosystem. than Laravel.
Fast development, Steep learning curve for
Utility-first CSS
Tailwind CSS easy customization, new users, requires
framework.
smaller file sizes. class-heavy HTML.
Quick to implement,
Frontend framework
large community, Can result in a generic
Bootstrap for building
predefined look, large CSS file.
responsive sites.
components.
Flexible data fetching, Steep learning curve,
Query language for
GraphQL strong typing, efficient can be overkill for
APIs.
for complex queries. simple applications.
React-based Server-side rendering
Requires understanding
framework for (SSR), optimized for
Next.js React and SSR, more
building static and performance, SEO-
complex setup.
dynamic sites. friendly.

3. Preferred Language/Framework for Developing the Semester Web Project

(SWB):
HTML
CSS

4. Justification for Choosing HTML and CSS:

Choosing HTML and CSS for the Semester Web Project is an excellent choice, especially for a
beginner-friendly, static website or project with a focus on structure, content, and design. It
allows for fast development, ease of use, and broad compatibility across devices and browsers,
which makes it ideal for delivering a polished project with minimal complexity.