8.1 Find the imerval | w— 2-7, Bt ae expected to fall, assuming that each sample is from a normal population. a = 100, 0= 12,n = 36 b. = 2,000, 6 = 150, =9 c. w= 500, 0 = 10,0 = 258.3 The diameter of bushings turned out by a manufacturing process is a normally distributed random Variable with a mean of 4.035 mm and a standard deviation of 0.005 mm. A sample of 25 bushings is taken once an hour. (a) Within what interval should 95 percent of the bushing diameters fall? (b) Within what interval should 95 percent of the sample means fall? (c) What conclusion would you reach if you saw a sample mean of 4.020? A sample mean of 4.055?84 Concerns about climate change and CO, reduction have initiated the commercial production of blends of biodiesel (e.g., from renewable sources) and petrodiesel (from ‘fossil fuel). Random samples of 35 blended fuels are tested in a lab to ascertain the bio/total carbon ratio. (a) If the true mean is .9480 with a standard deviation of 0.0060, within what interval will 95 percent of the sample means fall? (b) What is the sampling distribution of X? In other words, state the shape, center, and variability of the distribution of X. (c) What theorem did you use to answer part (b)?85 (a) Find the standard error of the mean for each sampling simation (assuming a normal popula- tion). (b) What happens to the standard error each time you quadruple the sample size? a o=32.n=4 b. o= 32.0 c. = 32.0 68.8 ‘The fuel economy of a 2011 Lexus RX 350 2WD 6 cylinder 3.5 L automatic 5-speed using premium fuel is a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 4 = 25.0 MPG and a standard deviation of @ = 1.25 MPG. (a) What is the standard error of X, the mean from a random sample of 16 fill-ups by one driver? (b) Within what interval would you expect the sample mean to fall, with 90 percent probability? (Source: www fueleconomy. gov.)8.9 Construct a confidence interval for j assuming that each sample is from a normal population. 5, 90 percent confidence 15, 99 percent confidence 25, 95 percent confidence s sab Sa8.13 A random sample of 25 items is drawn from a population whose standard deviation is known to be @ = 40. The sample mean is ¥ = 270 a. Construct an interval estimate for jt with 95 percent confidence. b. Repeat part a assuming that n = 50. c. Repeat part a assuming that n = 100. d. Deseribe how the confidence interval changes as n increases.8.16 Guest ages at a Vail Resorts ski mountain typically have a right-skewed distribution, Assume the standard deviation (0) of age is 14.5 years. (a) Even though the population distribution of age is right- skewed, what will be the shape of the distribution of X, the average age, in a random sample of 40 ‘guests? (b) From a random sample of 40 guests, the sample mean is 36.4 years. Calculate a 99 percent confidence interval for 1, the true mean age of Vail Resorts ski mountain guests.8.18 Find a confidence interval for p assuming that each sample is from a normal population. 24, s = 3,1 = 7, 90 percent confidence x= b. ¥=42.5=6,n 8, 99 percent confidence c, ¥= 119, 5 = 14, n= 28, 95 percent confidence8.20. For each value of d,f. look up the value of Student's t in Appendix D for the stated level of con- fidenoe. How close is the f-valuc to the corresponding z-value (at the bottom of the column for 0, 95 percent confidence (0, 95 percent confidence 00, 95 percent confidence8.23 A sample of 21 minivan electrical warranty repairs for “loose, not attached” wires (one of several electrical failure categories the dealership mechanic can select) showed a mean repair cost of $45.66 with a standard deviation of $27.79. (a) Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the truc mean repair cost. (b) How could the confidence interval be made narrower? (Data are from a project by MBA student Tim Polulak.)8.25 A random sample of monthly rent paid by 12 college seniors living off campus gave the results below (in dollars). Find a 99 percent confidence interval for jz, assuming that the sample is from anormal population. £3) Rentt 900 810 7710 860 850 790 810 800 890 720 910 6408.26 A random sample of 10 shipments of stick-on labels showed the following order sizes. (a) Construct # 95 percent confidence interval for the ue mean order size. (b) How could the con- fidence interval be made narrower? (Data are from a project by MBA student Henry Olthof Jr) © Ordersize 12,000 18,000 30,000 60,000 14,000 10,500 52,000 14,000 15,700 19,0008.28 Calculate the standard error of the sample proportion. a n=30,7=.50 b. n=50,7=.20 c. n= 100, 7 = .108.31 Should p be assumed normal? a. n=25,7=.50 bo n=60,7=.20 c. n= 100,77 =.088.34. Ina sample of 500 new websites registered on the Internet, 24 were anonymous (jce., they shielded their name and contact information). (a) Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the proportion of all new websites that were anonymous, (b) May normality of p be assumed’ Explain.8.35 From a list of stock mutual funds, 52 funds were selected at random. Of the funds chosen, it was found that 19 required a minimum initial investment under $1,000, (a) Construct a 90 percent confidence interval for the true proportion requiring an initial investment under $1,000. (b) May normality of p be assumed? Explain.8.42. Foreach level of precision, find the required sample size to estimate the mean starting salary for a new CPA with 95 percent confidence, assuming a population standard deviation of $7,500 (same as last year). a. E = $2,000 b. E= $1,000 ce. E = $5008.43. Last year, a study showed that the average ATM cash withdrawal took 65 seconds with a stan- dard deviation of 10 seconds. The study is to be repeated this year. How large a sample would be needed to estimate this year's mean with 95 percent confidence and an error of +4 seconds?8.47 Noodles & Company wants to estimate the mean spending per customer at a certain restaurant with 95 percent confidence and an error of +$0.25. What is the required sample size, assuming a standard deviation of $2.50 (based on similar restaurants elsewhere)?8.52. What sample size would be needed to estimate the true proportion of students at your college (if you are a student) who are wearing backpacks, with 95 percent confidence and an error of 0.04?8.55 Inspection of a random sample of 19 aircraft showed that 15 needed repairs to fix a wiring prob- Jem that might compromise safety. How large a sample would be needed to estimate the true pro- portion of jets with the wiring problem, with 90 percent confidence and an error of +6 percent?8.56 Find the 95 percent confidence interval for the population variance from these samples. 15 commuters, s = 10 miles driven 18 students, s = 12 study hours8.58 A pediatrician’s records showed the mean height of a random sample of 25 girls at age 12 months to be 29.530 inches with a standard deviation of 1.0953 inches. Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the population variance. (Data are from a project by statistics students Lori Bossardet, Shannon Wegner, and Stephanie Rader.)8.60 A random sample of 30 lunch orders at Noodles and Company showed a mean bill of $10.36 with a standard deviation of $5.31. Find the 95 percent confidence interval for the mean bill of all lunch orders, [9 NoodlesOrderSize8.62 A random sample of 10 miniature Tootsie Rolls was taken from a bag. Bach piece was weighed on a very accurate scale, The results in grams were 3087 3.131 3.241 3.241 3.270 3.353 3.400 3.411 3.437 3.477 (a) Construct a 90 percent confidence interval for the true mean weight. (b) What sample size would be necessary to estimate the true weight with an error of +0.03 gram with 90 percent con- fidence? (Data are from a project by MBA student Henry Scussel.) [2 Tootsie8.67. Sixteen owners of 2010 Audi Ad sedans kept track of their average fuel economy for a month. The results are shown below. (a) Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean. (b) What factor(s) limit the conclusions that can be drawn about the true mean? (Data are from www fucleconomy.gov.) FS) MPG 208 20.0 194 197 a4 26 183 201 205 195 114 24 189 202 196 1998.69 Twenty-one warranty repairs were selected from a population of 126 by selecting every sixth item. The population consisted of “loose, not attached” minivan electrical wires (one of several electri- cal failure categories the dealership mechanic can select). The mean repair cost was $45,664 with a standard deviation of $27.793. (a) Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the true mean repair cost. (b) What sample size would be needed to obtain an error of +$5 with 95 percent con- fidence? *(c) Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the true standard deviation, (Data are from a project by MBA student Tim Polulak.)