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C Arithmetic Operators

The document provides an overview of various operators in C programming, including arithmetic, increment/decrement, assignment, relational, and logical operators. Each operator is explained with its meaning and examples of usage in code. The document also includes sample outputs for better understanding.

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Dr. USHA M Asst. Prof. SACAS
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13 views6 pages

C Arithmetic Operators

The document provides an overview of various operators in C programming, including arithmetic, increment/decrement, assignment, relational, and logical operators. Each operator is explained with its meaning and examples of usage in code. The document also includes sample outputs for better understanding.

Uploaded by

Dr. USHA M Asst. Prof. SACAS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C Arithmetic Operators

An arithmetic operator performs mathematical operations such as addition,


subtraction, multiplication, division etc on numerical values (constants and
variables).

Operator Meaning of Operator

+ addition or unary plus

- subtraction or unary minus

* multiplication

/ division

% remainder after division (modulo division)

Example 1: Arithmetic Operators


// Working of arithmetic operators
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 9,b = 4, c;

c = a+b;
printf("a+b = %d \n",c);
c = a-b;
printf("a-b = %d \n",c);
c = a*b;
printf("a*b = %d \n",c);
c = a/b;
printf("a/b = %d \n",c);
c = a%b;
printf("Remainder when a divided by b = %d \n",c);

getch();
}

Output

a+b = 13
a-b = 5
a*b = 36
a/b = 2
Remainder when a divided by b=1

C Increment and Decrement Operators


C programming has two operators increment ++ and decrement -- to change
the value of an operand (constant or variable) by 1.
Increment ++ increases the value by 1 whereas decrement -- decreases the
value by 1. These two operators are unary operators, meaning they only
operate on a single operand.

Example 2: Increment and Decrement Operators


// Working of increment and decrement operators
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 10, b = 100;
float c = 10.5, d = 100.5;

printf("++a = %d \n", ++a);


printf("--b = %d \n", --b);
printf("++c = %f \n", ++c);
printf("--d = %f \n", --d);

getch();
}

Output

++a = 11
--b = 99
++c = 11.500000
--d = 99.500000

C Assignment Operators
An assignment operator is used for assigning a value to a variable. The most
common assignment operator is =
Operator Example Same as

= a=b a=b
Operator Example Same as

+= a += b a = a+b

-= a -= b a = a-b

*= a *= b a = a*b

/= a /= b a = a/b

%= a %= b a = a%b

Example 3: Assignment Operators


// Working of assignment operators
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 5, c;

c = a; // c is 5
printf("c = %d\n", c);
c += a; // c is 10
printf("c = %d\n", c);
c -= a; // c is 5
printf("c = %d\n", c);
c *= a; // c is 25
printf("c = %d\n", c);
c /= a; // c is 5
printf("c = %d\n", c);
c %= a; // c = 0
printf("c = %d\n", c);

getch();
}

Output

c = 5
c = 10
c = 5
c = 25
c = 5
c = 0
C Relational Operators

A relational operator checks the relationship between two operands. If the


relation is true, it returns 1; if the relation is false, it returns value 0.

Relational operators are used in decision making and loops.


Operator Meaning of Operator Example

== Equal to 5 == 3 is evaluated to 0

> Greater than 5 > 3 is evaluated to 1

< Less than 5 < 3 is evaluated to 0

!= Not equal to 5 != 3 is evaluated to 1

>= Greater than or equal to 5 >= 3 is evaluated to 1

<= Less than or equal to 5 <= 3 is evaluated to 0

Example 4: Relational Operators


// Working of relational operators
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 5, b = 5, c = 10;

printf("%d == %d is %d \n", a, b, a == b);


printf("%d == %d is %d \n", a, c, a == c);
printf("%d > %d is %d \n", a, b, a > b);
printf("%d > %d is %d \n", a, c, a > c);
printf("%d < %d is %d \n", a, b, a < b);
printf("%d < %d is %d \n", a, c, a < c);
printf("%d != %d is %d \n", a, b, a != b);
printf("%d != %d is %d \n", a, c, a != c);
printf("%d >= %d is %d \n", a, b, a >= b);
printf("%d >= %d is %d \n", a, c, a >= c);
printf("%d <= %d is %d \n", a, b, a <= b);
printf("%d <= %d is %d \n", a, c, a <= c);

getch();
}

Output
5 == 5 is 1
5 == 10 is 0
5 > 5 is 0
5 > 10 is 0
5 < 5 is 0
5 < 10 is 1
5 != 5 is 0
5 != 10 is 1
5 >= 5 is 1
5 >= 10 is 0
5 <= 5 is 1
5 <= 10 is 1

C Logical Operators

An expression containing logical operator returns either 0 or 1 depending


upon whether expression results true or false. Logical operators are
commonly used in decision making in C programming.
Operator Meaning Example

Logical AND. True only if all If c = 5 and d = 2 then, expression ((c==5) &&
&&
operands are true (d>5)) equals to 0.

Logical OR. True only if either one If c = 5 and d = 2 then, expression ((c==5) ||
||
operand is true (d>5)) equals to 1.

Logical NOT. True only if the


! If c = 5 then, expression !(c==5) equals to 0.
operand is 0

Example 5: Logical Operators


// Working of logical operators

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 5, b = 5, c = 10, result;

result = (a == b) && (c > b);


printf("(a == b) && (c > b) is %d \n", result);
result = (a == b) && (c < b);
printf("(a == b) && (c < b) is %d \n", result);

result = (a == b) || (c < b);


printf("(a == b) || (c < b) is %d \n", result);

result = (a != b) || (c < b);


printf("(a != b) || (c < b) is %d \n", result);

result = !(a != b);


printf("!(a != b) is %d \n", result);

result = !(a == b);


printf("!(a == b) is %d \n", result);

getch();
}

Output

(a == b) && (c > b) is 1
(a == b) && (c < b) is 0
(a == b) || (c < b) is 1
(a != b) || (c < b) is 0
!(a != b) is 1
!(a == b) is 0

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