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Project Python

The document outlines a project aimed at developing a method for monitoring respiratory rates from noisy biomedical signals using Python. It details a methodology that includes signal acquisition, preprocessing, filtering, peak detection, and visualization of respiratory patterns. The findings indicate that the system effectively tracks breathing rates, making it suitable for non-invasive monitoring in healthcare settings.

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sanjay26ven
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11 views5 pages

Project Python

The document outlines a project aimed at developing a method for monitoring respiratory rates from noisy biomedical signals using Python. It details a methodology that includes signal acquisition, preprocessing, filtering, peak detection, and visualization of respiratory patterns. The findings indicate that the system effectively tracks breathing rates, making it suitable for non-invasive monitoring in healthcare settings.

Uploaded by

sanjay26ven
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COIMBATORE INSTITTUE OF TECHNOLOGY, COIMBATORE DEPARTMENT

OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING


B.E ECE VIII SMESTER SECTION I & II
19ECE04 SIGNAL PROCESSING USING PYTHON

. Respiratory Rate Monitoring from Noisy Biomedical


Signals

Reg.no Name of the Student

71762104011 Dharun Kumar

71762104013 Dinesh K

71762104032 Naren Karthick S


Objective:

The objective of this work is to develop a reliable method for


extracting respiratory rate from noisy biomedical signals. By
applying appropriate signal processing techniques, such as low-
pass filtering and peak detection, the aim is to effectively
denoise the raw respiratory signal, accurately identify individual
breath cycles, and track respiratory rate variations over time.
This approach enables continuous and non-invasive monitoring
of respiratory patterns, which is critical for early detection of
respiratory abnormalities and for improving patient care in
clinical and home settings.

Methodology:

1) Acquire noisy respiratory signal data from biomedical


sensors.
2) Pre-process the signal by normalizing and removing
baseline drift using high-pass filtering.
3) Apply a low-pass filter (e.g., Butterworth filter) to denoise
the respiratory signal by removing high-frequency noise.
4) Detect peaks in the filtered signal to identify individual
breath cycles using peak detection algorithms
5) Calculate the time intervals between consecutive peaks to
determine the duration of each breath cycle.
6) Compute the respiratory rate by calculating the inverse of
the average cycle time, expressed in breaths per minute.
7) Visualize the filtered signal and detected peaks to confirm
accurate breath cycle detection.
8) Plot the respiratory rate over time to observe breathing
patterns and potential abnormalities.
9) Evaluate the performance of the system by comparing the
detected respiratory rate with ground truth data (if available) and
performing objective performance evaluation.
Coding Snippet:

import numpy as np
import scipy.signal as signal
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fs = 100
t = np.linspace(0, 300, fs*300)
resp_signal = 0.5 * np.sin(2 * np.pi * 0.25 * t) + 0.05 *
np.random.randn(len(t))

b, a = signal.butter(4, 0.5/(fs/2), btype='low')


filtered_signal = signal.filtfilt(b, a, resp_signal)

peaks, _ = signal.find_peaks(filtered_signal, distance=fs/2)


peak_times = t[peaks]
respiratory_rates = 60 / np.diff(peak_times)
time_midpoints = (peak_times[:-1] + peak_times[1:]) / 2

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 8))

plt.subplot(3, 1, 1)
plt.plot(t, resp_signal)
plt.title('Noisy Respiratory Signal')
plt.xlabel('Time (s)')
plt.ylabel('Amplitude')

plt.subplot(3, 1, 2)
plt.plot(t, filtered_signal)
plt.plot(peak_times, filtered_signal[peaks], 'rx')
plt.title('Filtered Signal with Detected Breaths')
plt.xlabel('Time (s)')
plt.ylabel('Amplitude')

plt.subplot(3, 1, 3)
plt.plot(time_midpoints, respiratory_rates, marker='o')
plt.title('Respiratory Rate Over Time')
plt.xlabel('Time (s)')
plt.ylabel('Respiratory Rate (breaths per minute)')

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Output & Visualization:

Interpretation of Results:

The respiratory signal processing workflow provided a clear


visualization of each processing stage:
1. Noisy Respiratory Signal:
o The initial signal contains a dominant low-frequency
breathing component overlaid with random high-
frequency noise, simulating realistic noisy
biomedical data.
o The noisy appearance emphasizes the need for
effective filtering techniques.
2. Filtered Signal with Detected Breaths:
o After applying a 4th-order low-pass Butterworth
filter with a cutoff frequency of 0.5 Hz, the signal
becomes smoother.
o The key breathing oscillations are preserved, while
random noise is significantly suppressed.
o Using peak detection (find_peaks function),
individual breath cycles are successfully identified,
shown as red crosses ('x') on the filtered waveform.
o The distance parameter ensures that false peaks (due
to residual noise) are not misclassified as breaths.
3. Respiratory Rate Over Time:
o Calculated respiratory rates (breaths per minute) are
plotted over time.
o The respiratory rate remains fairly consistent,
demonstrating that the system is able to robustly
track breathing patterns even under noisy conditions.
o Slight variations reflect natural fluctuations expected
in biological signals.

Conclusion:

In this project, a Python-based signal processing system was


developed for reliable respiratory rate monitoring from noisy
biomedical signals.
The approach involved filtering the raw data to remove noise,
followed by peak detection to identify individual breath cycles
and compute the breathing rate.
Key findings include:
• The use of a low-pass Butterworth filter successfully
denoised the respiratory signals without distorting the
important breathing pattern.
• Peak detection algorithms reliably detected breath events
even under noisy conditions.
• Respiratory rates were calculated and visualized over time,
confirming the effectiveness of the method for continuous
monitoring.
This system demonstrates potential for real-world healthcare
applications, particularly for non-invasive respiratory
monitoring in clinical and home settings.

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