Iterative Enhancement Model in Software Development


In software development, the Iterative Enhancement Model stands out due to its incremental and
iterative nature, it is also known as an incremental model. This approach focuses on incremental
development and improvement rather than trying to complete a software product in a single phase.
This model is based on segmenting the project into smaller units, or iterations, with a set of tasks
completed.

What is the Iterative Enhancement Model?

Software development uses a dynamic and adaptable method called the iterative enhancement Model.
The iterative enhancement model encourages a software product's ongoing evolution and
improvement. This methodology is noticeable due to its concentration on adaptability, flexibility
and change responsiveness. It makes it easier for a product to evolve because it gives developers the
freedom to progressively enhance the software, making sure that it complies with evolving
specifications, user demands, and market demands. This helps products evolve more easily.

Life-Cycle of Iterative Enhancement Model

The Iterative Enhancement Model creates an environment where development teams can more
effectively adjust to changing requirements by segmenting the software development process into
smaller, more manageable parts. Every iterations improves on the one before it, adding new features
and fixing problems found in earlier stages. Members of the team, stakeholders and end users are
encouraged to collaborate and communicate continuously to make sure the software meets changing
needs and expectations. Until the software is finished being built, the iteration process is carried out,
which involves giving the user the increments.

Advantages of Iterative Enhancement Model:

 Adaptation to changing requirements is made possible by its flexibility in accommodating
modifications and improvement during each iteration.
  Early software iterations provide clients with functional portions of the product, facilitating
prompt feedback and validation.
 Problems and risks can be identified and addressed early in the development process, reduces
chances of issue for future stages.
 Feedback and constant client involvement are encouraged to make sure the finished product lives
up to user expectations.
 Every iteration is put through testing and improvement, leading to higher quality product.

Disadvantages of Iterative Enhancement Model:

 Especially in larger projects, managing several iterations at once can add complexity.
 Higher cost
 Due to constant changes, there may be delays in documentation, making it more difficult to
maintain comprehensive documentation.
 Continuous customer engagement may not be possible in all scenarios, which impacts the
effectiveness of the model.

Specific use cases where this model proves beneficial include:

1. Mobile app developement: Updates and improvements are often needed for mobile apps to stay
current with new devices, operating system versions and user preferences. By using an iterative
process developers can release the beta versions of their apps, get user feedback and then improve
functionality of those iterations in future release.
2. Web Application Development: The requirements for developing web applications frequently
change as a result of shifting user demand and advancements in technology. The Iterative
Enhancement Model makes it possible to developed features incrementally and guaranteeing that
the application can be modified to satisfy changing user and market demands. In later iterations it
also makes it easier to incorporate new features based on input from users.
3. E-commerce Platforms: Developement in e-commerece field often involves constant updates.
Implementing an iterative approach enables the introduction of new functionality.

Conclusion
In the conclusion, the Iterative enhanced model has advantages such as delivery, reducing risk,
checking quality, and flexibility. But it also has drawbacks like complexity, conflict deadlines,
increased expenses, documentation problems. Determing whether to use this model in light of the
particular requirements and properties of the software developement project requires an
understanding of both of its benefits and drawbacks.

Incremental Process Model – Software Engineering


The Incremental Process Model is also known as the Successive version model. This
article focuses on discussing the Incremental Process Model in detail.
Table of Content
 What is the Incremental Process Model?
 Phases of incremental model
 Requirement Process Model
 Types of Incremental Model
 When to use Incremental Process Model
 Characteristics of Incremental Process Model
 Advantages of Incremental Process Model
 Disadvantages of Incremental Process Model
What is the Incremental Process Model?
First, a simple working system implementing only a few basic features is built and then
that is delivered to the customer. Then thereafter many successive iterations/ versions are
implemented and delivered to the customer until the desired system is released.

A, B, and C are modules of Software Products that are incrementally developed and
delivered.
Phases of incremental model
Requirements of Software are first broken down into several modules that can be
incrementally constructed and delivered.
Phases of incremental model

1. Requirement analysis: In Requirement Analysis At any time, the plan is made just for
the next increment and not for any kind of long-term plan. Therefore, it is easier to
modify the version as per the needs of the customer.
2. Design & Development: At any time, the plan is made just for the next increment and
not for any kind of long-term plan. Therefore, it is easier to modify the version as per
the needs of the customer. The Development Team first undertakes to develop core
features (these do not need services from other features) of the system. Once the core
features are fully developed, then these are refined to increase levels of capabilities by
adding new functions in Successive versions. Each incremental version is usually
developed using an iterative waterfall model of development.
3. Deployment and Testing: After Requirements gathering and specification,
requirements are then split into several different versions starting with version 1, in
each successive increment, the next version is constructed and then deployed at the
 customer site. in development and Testing the product is checked and tested for the
actual process of the model.
4. Implementation: In implementation After the last version (version n), it is now
deployed at the client site.
Requirement Process Model

Requirement Process Model

Types of Incremental Model

1. Staged Delivery Model
2. Parallel Development Model
1. Staged Delivery Model
Construction of only one part of the project at a time.
Staged Delivery Model

2. Parallel Development Model

Different subsystems are developed at the same time. It can decrease the calendar time
needed for the development, i.e. TTM (Time to Market) if enough resources are available.
Parallel Development Model

When to use the Incremental Process Model

1. Funding Schedule, Risk, Program Complexity, or need for early realization of benefits.
2. When Requirements are known up-front.
3. When Projects have lengthy development schedules.
4. Projects with new Technology.
 Error Reduction (core modules are used by the customer from the beginning of the
phase and then these are tested thoroughly).
 Uses divide and conquer for a breakdown of tasks.
 Lowers initial delivery cost.
 Incremental Resource Deployment.
5. Requires good planning and design.
6. The total cost is not lower.
7. Well-defined module interfaces are required.
Characteristics of Incremental Process Model
1. System development is divided into several smaller projects.
2. To create a final complete system, partial systems are constructed one after the other.
3. Priority requirements are addressed first.
4. The requirements for that increment are frozen once they are created.
Advantages of the Incremental Process Model
1. Prepares the software fast.
2. Clients have a clear idea of the project.
3. Changes are easy to implement.
4. Provides risk handling support, because of its iterations.
5. Adjusting the criteria and scope is flexible and less costly.
6. Comparing this model to others, it is less expensive.
7. The identification of errors is simple.
Disadvantages of the Incremental Process Model
1. A good team and proper planned execution are required.
2. Because of its continuous iterations the cost increases.
3. Issues may arise from the system design if all needs are not gathered upfront
throughout the program lifecycle.
4. Every iteration step is distinct and does not flow into the next.
5. It takes a lot of time and effort to fix an issue in one unit if it needs to be corrected in all
the units.

Rapid Application Development Model (RAD) – Software

Engineering

The RAD model or Rapid Application Development model is a type of software development
methodology that emphasizes quick and iterative release cycles, primarily focusing on delivering
working software in shorter timelines. Unlike traditional models such as the Waterfall model, RAD is
designed to be more flexible and responsive to user feedback and changing requirements throughout
the development process.
In this article, we will break down the key principles and phases of the RAD model, highlighting its
advantages and potential challenges.

What is RAD Model in Software Engineering?

IBM first proposed the Rapid Application Development or RAD Model in the 1980s. The RAD
model is a type of incremental process model in which there is a concise development cycle. The
RAD model is used when the requirements are fully understood and the component-based
construction approach is adopted. Various phases in RAD are Requirements Gathering, Analysis and

Planning, Design, Build or Construction, and finally Deployment.

The critical feature of this model is the use of powerful development tools and techniques. A
software project can be implemented using this model if the project can be broken down into small
modules wherein each module can be assigned independently to separate teams. These modules can
finally be combined to form the final product. Development of each module involves the various
basic steps as in the waterfall model i.e. analyzing, designing, coding, and then testing, etc. as shown
in the figure. Another striking feature of this model is a short period i.e. the time frame for
delivery(time-box) is generally 60-90 days.
Multiple teams work on developing the software system using the RAD model parallelly.
Rapid application development model (RAD)
The use of powerful developer tools such as JAVA, C++, Visual BASIC, XML, etc. is also an
integral part of the projects. This model consists of 4 basic phases:
1. Requirements Planning – This involves the use of various techniques used in requirements
elicitation like brainstorming, task analysis, form analysis, user scenarios, FAST (Facilitated
Application Development Technique), etc. It also consists of the entire structured plan describing the
critical data, methods to obtain it, and then processing it to form a final refined model.
2. User Description – This phase consists of taking user feedback and building the prototype using
developer tools. In other words, it includes re-examination and validation of the data collected in the
first phase. The dataset attributes are also identified and elucidated in this phase.
3. Construction – In this phase, refinement of the prototype and delivery takes place. It includes the
actual use of powerful automated tools to transform processes and data models into the final working
product. All the required modifications and enhancements are to be done in this phase.
4. Cutover – All the interfaces between the independent modules developed by separate teams have
to be tested properly. The use of powerfully automated tools and subparts makes testing easier. This
is followed by acceptance testing by the user.

The process involves building a rapid prototype, delivering it to the customer, and taking feedback.
After validation by the customer, the SRS document is developed and the design is finalized.

When to use the RAD Model?

1. Well-understood Requirements: When project requirements are stable and transparent, RAD is
appropriate.
2. Time-sensitive Projects: Suitable for projects that need to be developed and delivered quickly due
to tight deadlines.
3. Small to Medium-Sized Projects: Better suited for smaller initiatives requiring a controllable
number of team members.
4. High User Involvement: Fits where ongoing input and interaction from users are essential.
5. Innovation and Creativity: Helpful for tasks requiring creative inquiry and innovation.
6. Prototyping: It is necessary when developing and improving prototypes is a key component of the
development process.
7. Low technological Complexity: Suitable for tasks using comparatively straightforward
technological specifications.

Objectives of Rapid Application Development Model (RAD)

1. Speedy Development
Accelerating the software development process is RAD’s main goal. RAD prioritizes rapid
prototyping and iterations to produce a working system as soon as possible. This is especially helpful
for projects when deadlines must be met.
2. Adaptability and Flexibility
RAD places a strong emphasis on adapting quickly to changing needs. Due to the model’s flexibility,
stakeholders can modify and improve the system in response to changing requirements and user
input.
3. Stakeholder Participation
Throughout the development cycle, RAD promotes end users and stakeholders’ active participation.
Collaboration and frequent feedback make it possible to make sure that the changing system satisfies
both user and corporate needs.
4. Improved Interaction
Development teams and stakeholders may collaborate and communicate more effectively thanks to
RAD. Frequent communication and feedback loops guarantee that all project participants are in
agreement, which lowers the possibility of misunderstandings.

5. Improved Quality via Prototyping:

Prototypes enable early system component testing and visualization in Rapid Application
Development (RAD). This aids in spotting any problems, confirming design choices, and
guaranteeing that the finished product lives up to consumer expectations.
6. Customer Satisfaction
Delivering a system that closely satisfies user expectations and needs is the goal of RAD. Through
rapid delivery of functioning prototypes and user involvement throughout the development process,
Rapid Application Development (RAD) enhances the probability of customer satisfaction with the
final product.
Advantages of Rapid Application Development Model (RAD)
• • The use of reusable components helps to reduce the cycle time of the project.
• • Feedback from the customer is available at the initial stages.
• • Reduced costs as fewer developers are required.
• • The use of powerful development tools results in better quality products in comparatively
shorter periods.
• • The progress and development of the project can be measured through the various stages.
• • It is easier to accommodate changing requirements due to the short iteration time spans.
• • Productivity may be quickly boosted with a lower number of employees.

Disadvantages of Rapid application development model (RAD)

• • The use of powerful and efficient tools requires highly skilled professionals.
• • The absence of reusable components can lead to the failure of the project.
• • The team leader must work closely with the developers and customers to close the project
on time.
• • The systems which cannot be modularized suitably cannot use this model.
• • Customer involvement is required throughout the life cycle.
• • It is not meant for small-scale projects as in such cases, the cost of using automated tools
and techniques may exceed the entire budget of the project.
• • Not every application can be used with RAD.

Applications of Rapid Application Development Model (RAD)

1. This model should be used for a system with known requirements and requiring a short
development time.
2. It is also suitable for projects where requirements can be modularized and reusable components are
also available for development.
3. The model can also be used when already existing system components can be used in developing a
new system with minimum changes.
4. This model can only be used if the teams consist of domain experts. This is because relevant
knowledge and the ability to use powerful techniques are a necessity.
5. The model should be chosen when the budget permits the use of automated tools and techniques
required.
 Prototypes enable early system component testing and visualization in Rapid Application
Development (RAD). This aids in spotting any problems, confirming design choices, and
guaranteeing that the finished product lives up to consumer expectations.
6. Customer Satisfaction
Delivering a system that closely satisfies user expectations and needs is the goal of RAD. Through
rapid delivery of functioning prototypes and user involvement throughout the development process,
Rapid Application Development (RAD) enhances the probability of customer satisfaction with the
final product.

SDLC V-Model – Software Engineering:

The V-model is a type of SDLC model where the process executes sequentially in a V-shape. It is also
known as the Verification and Validation model. It is based on the association of a testing phase for each
corresponding development stage. The development of each step is directly associated with the testing
phase. The next phase starts only after completion of the previous phase i.e., for each development activity,
there is a testing activity corresponding to it.

The V-Model is a software development life cycle (SDLC) model that provides a systematic and visual
representation of the software development process. It is based on the idea of a “V” shape, with the two legs
of the “V” representing the progression of the software development process from requirements
gathering and analysis to design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

V-Model Design
1. Requirements Gathering and Analysis: The first phase of the V-Model is the requirements gathering
and analysis phase, where the customer’s requirements for the software are gathered and analyzed to
determine the scope of the project.
2. Design: In the design phase, the software architecture and design are developed, including the high-level
design and detailed design.
3. Implementation: In the implementation phase, the software is built based on the design.
4. Testing: In the testing phase, the software is tested to ensure that it meets the customer’s requirements
and is of high quality.
5. Deployment: In the deployment phase, the software is deployed and put into use.
6. Maintenance: In the maintenance phase, the software is maintained to ensure that it continues to meet
the customer’s needs and expectations.
7. The V-Model is often used in safety: critical systems, such as aerospace and defence systems,
because of its emphasis on thorough testing and its ability to clearly define the steps involved in the
software development process.
SDLC V-Model

The following illustration depicts the different phases in a V-Model of the SDLC.
Verification Phases:
It involves a static analysis technique (review) done without executing code. It is the process of evaluation of
the product development phase to find whether specified requirements are met.
There are several Verification phases in the V-Model:
Business Requirement Analysis:
This is the first step of the designation of the development cycle where product requirement needs to be
cured from the customer’s perspective. in these phases include proper communication with the customer to
understand the requirements of the customers. these are the very important activities that need to be
handled properly, as most of the time customers do not know exactly what they want, and they are not sure
about it at that time then we use an acceptance test design planning which is done at the time of business
requirement it will be used as an input for acceptance testing.
System Design:
Design of the system will start when the overall we are clear with the product requirements, and then need to
design the system completely. This understanding will be at the beginning of complete under the product
development process. these will be beneficial for the future execution of test cases.
Architectural Design:
 In this stage, architectural specifications are comprehended and designed. Usually, several technical
approaches are put out, and the ultimate choice is made after considering both the technical and financial
viability. The system architecture is further divided into modules that each handle a distinct function. Another
name for this is High-Level Design (HLD).
At this point, the exchange of data and communication between the internal modules and external systems
are well understood and defined. During this phase, integration tests can be created and documented using
the information provided.
Module Design:
This phase, known as Low-Level Design (LLD), specifies the comprehensive internal design for every
system module. Compatibility between the design and other external systems as well as other modules in
the system architecture is crucial. Unit tests are a crucial component of any development process since they
assist in identifying and eradicating the majority of mistakes and flaws at an early stage. Based on the
internal module designs, these unit tests may now be created.
Coding Phase:
The Coding step involves writing the code for the system modules that were created during the Design
phase. The system and architectural requirements are used to determine which programming language is
most appropriate.
The coding standards and principles are followed when performing the coding. Before the final build is
checked into the repository, the code undergoes many code reviews and is optimized for optimal
performance.
Validation Phases:
It involves dynamic analysis techniques (functional, and non-functional), and testing done by executing code.
Validation is the process of evaluating the software after the completion of the development phase to
determine whether the software meets the customer’s expectations and requirements.
So, V-Model contains Verification phases on one side of the Validation phases on the other side. The
verification and Validation phases are joined by the coding phase in a V-shape. Thus, it is called V-Model.
There are several Validation phases in the V-Model:
Unit Testing:
Unit Test Plans are developed during the module design phase. These Unit Test Plans are executed to
eliminate bugs in code or unit level.
Integration testing:
After completion of unit testing Integration testing is performed. In integration testing, the modules are
integrated and the system is tested. Integration testing is performed in the Architecture design phase. This
test verifies the communication of modules among themselves.
System Testing:
System testing tests the complete application with its functionality, inter-dependency, and communication. It
tests the functional and non-functional requirements of the developed application.
User Acceptance Testing (UAT):
UAT is performed in a user environment that resembles the production environment. UAT verifies that the
delivered system meets the user’s requirement and the system is ready for use in the real world.
Design Phase:
 Requirement Analysis: This phase contains detailed communication with the customer to understand
their requirements and expectations. This stage is known as Requirement Gathering.
 System Design: This phase contains the system design and the complete hardware and communication
setup for developing the product.
 Architectural Design: System design is broken down further into modules taking up different
functionalities. The data transfer and communication between the internal modules and with the outside
world (other systems) is clearly understood.
 Module Design: In this phase, the system breaks down into small modules. The detailed design of
modules is specified, also known as Low-Level Design (LLD).
Testing Phases:
 Unit Testing: Unit Test Plans are developed during the module design phase. These Unit Test Plans are
executed to eliminate bugs at the code or unit level.
 Integration testing: After completion of unit testing Integration testing is performed. In integration testing,
the modules are integrated, and the system is tested. Integration testing is performed in the Architecture
design phase. This test verifies the communication of modules among themselves.
 System Testing: System testing tests the complete application with its functionality, interdependency,
and communication. It tests the functional and non-functional requirements of the developed application.
 User Acceptance Testing (UAT): UAT is performed in a user environment that resembles the production
environment. UAT verifies that the delivered system meets the user’s requirement and the system is
ready for use in the real world.
Industrial Challenge:
As the industry has evolved, the technologies have become more complex, increasingly faster, and forever
changing, however, there remains a set of basic principles and concepts that are as applicable today as
when IT was in its infancy.
 Accurately define and refine user requirements.
 Design and build an application according to the authorized user requirements.
 Validate that the application they had built adhered to the authorized business requirements.
Importance of V-Model
1. Early Defect Identification
By incorporating verification and validation tasks into every stage of the development process, the V-Model
encourages early testing. This lowers the cost and effort needed to remedy problems later in the
development lifecycle by assisting in the early detection and resolution of faults.
2. determining the Phases of Development and Testing
The V-Model contains a testing phase that corresponds to each stage of the development process. By
ensuring that testing and development processes are clearly mapped out, this clear mapping promotes a
methodical and orderly approach to software engineering.
3. Prevents “Big Bang” Testing
Testing is frequently done at the very end of the development lifecycle in traditional development models,
which results in a “Big Bang” approach where all testing operations are focused at once. By integrating
testing activities into the development process and encouraging a more progressive and regulated testing
approach, the V-Model prevents this.
4. Improves Cooperation
At every level, the V-Model promotes cooperation between the testing and development teams. Through this
collaboration, project requirements, design choices, and testing methodologies are better understood, which
improves the effectiveness and efficiency of the development process.
5. Improved Quality Assurance
Overall quality assurance is enhanced by the V-Model, which incorporates testing operations at every level.
Before the program reaches the final deployment stage, it makes sure that it satisfies the requirements and
goes through a strict validation and verification process.
Principles of V-Model
 Large to Small: In V-Model, testing is done in a hierarchical perspective, for example, requirements
identified by the project team, creating High-Level Design, and Detailed Design phases of the project. As
each of these phases is completed the requirements, they are defining become more and more refined
and detailed.
 Data/Process Integrity: This principle states that the successful design of any project requires the
incorporation and cohesion of both data and processes. Process elements must be identified at every
requirement.
 Scalability: This principle states that the V-Model concept has the flexibility to accommodate any IT
project irrespective of its size, complexity, or duration.
 Cross Referencing: A direct correlation between requirements and corresponding testing activity is
known as cross-referencing.
Tangible Documentation:
This principle states that every project needs to create a document. This documentation is required and
applied by both the project development team and the support team. Documentation is used to maintain the
application once it is available in a production environment.
Why preferred?
 It is easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model. Each phase of V-Model has specific deliverables and
a review process.
 Proactive defect tracking – that is defects are found at an early stage.
 When to Use of V-Model?
 Traceability of Requirements: The V-Model proves beneficial in situations when it’s imperative to create
precise traceability between the requirements and their related test cases.
 Complex Projects: The V-Model offers a methodical way to manage testing activities and reduce risks
related to integration and interface problems for projects with a high level of complexity and
interdependencies among system components.
 Waterfall-Like Projects: Since the V-Model offers an approachable structure for organizing, carrying out,
and monitoring testing activities at every level of development, it is appropriate for projects that use a
sequential approach to development, much like the waterfall model.
 Safety-Critical Systems: These systems are used in the aerospace, automotive, and healthcare
industries. They place a strong emphasis on rigid verification and validation procedures, which help to
guarantee that essential system requirements are fulfilled and that possible risks are found and
eliminated early in the development process.
Advantages of V-Model
 This is a highly disciplined model and Phases are completed one at a time.
 V-Model is used for small projects where project requirements are clear.
 Simple and easy to understand and use.
 This model focuses on verification and validation activities early in the life cycle thereby enhancing the
probability of building an error-free and good quality product.
 It enables project management to track progress accurately.
 Clear and Structured Process: The V-Model provides a clear and structured process for software
development, making it easier to understand and follow.
 Emphasis on Testing: The V-Model places a strong emphasis on testing, which helps to ensure the
quality and reliability of the software.
 Improved Traceability: The V-Model provides a clear link between the requirements and the final product,
making it easier to trace and manage changes to the software.
 Better Communication: The clear structure of the V-Model helps to improve communication between the
customer and the development team.
Disadvantages of V-Model
 High risk and uncertainty.
 It is not good for complex and object-oriented projects.
 It is not suitable for projects where requirements are not clear and contain a high risk of changing.
 This model does not support iteration of phases.
 It does not easily handle concurrent events.
 Inflexibility: The V-Model is a linear and sequential model, which can make it difficult to adapt to changing
requirements or unexpected events.
 Time-Consuming: The V-Model can be time-consuming, as it requires a lot of documentation and testing.
 Overreliance on Documentation: The V-Model places a strong emphasis on documentation, which can
lead to an overreliance on documentation at the expense of actual development work.
Conclusion
A scientific and organized approach to the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is provided by the
Software Engineering V-Model. The team’s expertise with the selected methodology, the unique features of
the project, and the nature of the requirements should all be taken into consideration when selecting any
SDLC models, including the V-Model.

Iterative Enhancement Model in Software Development


In software development, the Iterative Enhancement Model stands out due to its incremental and iterative
nature, it is also known as an incremental model. This approach focuses on incremental development and
improvement rather than trying to complete a software product in a single phase. This model is based on
segmenting the project into smaller units, or iterations, with a set of tasks completed.

Iterative Enhancement Model

What is the Iterative Enhancement Model?

Software development uses a dynamic and adaptable method called the iterative enhancement Model. The
iterative enhancement model encourages a software product's ongoing evolution and improvement. This
methodology is noticeable due to its concentration on adaptability, flexibility and change
responsiveness. It makes it easier for a product to evolve because it gives developers the freedom to
progressively enhance the software, making sure that it complies with evolving specifications, user
demands, and market demands. This helps products evolve more easily.

Life-Cycle of Iterative Enhancement Model

 The Iterative Enhancement Model creates an environment where development teams can more effectively
adjust to changing requirements by segmenting the software development process into smaller, more
manageable parts. Every iteration improves on the one before it, adding new features and fixing problems
found in earlier stages. Members of the team, stakeholders and end users are encouraged to collaborate
and communicate continuously to make sure the software meets changing needs and expectations. Until the
software is finished being built, the iteration process is carried out, which involves giving the user the
increments.
Advantages of Iterative Enhancement Model
 Adaptation to changing requirements is made possible by its flexibility in accomodating modifications and
improvement during each iteration.
 Early software iterations provide clients with functional portions of the product, facilitating prompt
feedback and validation.
 Problems and risks can be identified and addressed early in the developement process, reduces chances
of issue for future stages.
 Feedback and constant client involvement are encouraged to make sure the finished product lives up to
user expectations.
 Every iteration is put through testing and improvement, leading to higher quality product.
Disadvantages of Iterative Enhancement Model
 Especially in larger projects, managing several iterations at once can add complexity.
 Higher cost
 Due to constant changes, there may be delays in documentation, making it more difficult to maintain
comprehensive documentation.
 Continuous customer engagement may not be possible in all scenarios, which impacts the effectiveness
of the model.
Specific use cases where this model proves beneficial include:
1. Mobile app developement: Updates and improvements are often needed for mobile apps to stay current
with new devices, operating system versions and user preferences. By using an iterative process
developers can release the beta versions of their apps, get user feedback and then improve functionality
of those iterations in future release.
2. Web Application Development: The requirements for developing web applications frequently change as
a result of shifting user demand and advancements in technology. The Iterative Enhancement Model
makes it possible to developed features incrementally and guaranteeing that the application can be
modified to satisfy changing user and market demands. In later iterations it also makes it easier to
incorporate new features based on input from users.
3. E-commerce Platforms: Developement in e-commerece field often involves constant updates.
Implementing an iterative approach enables the introduction of new functionality.
Conclusion
In the conclusion, the Iterative enhanced model has advantages such as delivery, reducing risk, checking
quality, and flexibility. But it also has drawbacks like complexity, conflict deadlines, increased expenses,
documentation problems. Determing whether to use this model in light of the particular requirements and
properties of the software developement project requires an understanding of both of its benefits and
drawbacks.

Incremental Process Model – Software Engineering

Last Updated : 15 Mar, 2024


The Incremental Process Model is also known as the Successive version model. This article focuses on discussing the Incremental
Process Model in detail.
Table of Content
 What is the Incremental Process Model?
 Phases of incremental model
 Requirement Process Model
 Types of Incremental Model
 When to use Incremental Process Model
 Characteristics of Incremental Process Model
 Advantages of Incremental Process Model
 Disadvantages of Incremental Process Model
What is the Incremental Process Model?
First, a simple working system implementing only a few basic features is built and then that is delivered to the customer. Then thereafter
many successive iterations/ versions are implemented and delivered to the customer until the desired system is released.

A, B, and C are modules of Software Products that are incrementally developed and delivered.
Phases of incremental model
Requirements of Software are first broken down into several modules that can be incrementally constructed and delivered.
1. Requirement analysis: In Requirement Analysis At any time, the plan is made just for the next increment and not for any kind of long-
term plan. Therefore, it is easier to modify the version as per the needs of the customer.
2. Design & Development: At any time, the plan is made just for the next increment and not for any kind of long-term plan. Therefore, it is
easier to modify the version as per the needs of the customer. The Development Team first undertakes to develop core features (these
do not need services from other features) of the system. Once the core features are fully developed, then these are refined to increase
levels of capabilities by adding new functions in Successive versions. Each incremental version is usually developed using an iterative
waterfall model of development.
3. Deployment and Testing: After Requirements gathering and specification, requirements are then split into several different versions
starting with version 1, in each successive increment, the next version is constructed and then deployed at the customer site. in
development and Testing the product is checked and tested for the actual process of the model.
4. Implementation: In implementation After the last version (version n), it is now deployed at the client site.
Requirement Process Model

Requirement Process Model

 Types of Incremental Model
1. Staged Delivery Model
2. Parallel Development Model
1. Staged Delivery Model
Construction of only one part of the project at a time.

Staged Delivery Model

2. Parallel Development Model

Different subsystems are developed at the same time. It can decrease the calendar time needed for the development, i.e. TTM (Time to
Market) if enough resources are available.
 Parallel Development Model

When to use the Incremental Process Model

1. Funding Schedule, Risk, Program Complexity, or need for early realization of benefits.
2. When Requirements are known up-front.
3. When Projects have lengthy development schedules.
4. Projects with new Technology.
 Error Reduction (core modules are used by the customer from the beginning of the phase and then these are tested thoroughly).
 Uses divide and conquer for a breakdown of tasks.
 Lowers initial delivery cost.
 Incremental Resource Deployment.
5. Requires good planning and design.
6. The total cost is not lower.
7. Well-defined module interfaces are required.
Characteristics of Incremental Process Model
1. System development is divided into several smaller projects.
2. To create a final complete system, partial systems are constructed one after the other.
3. Priority requirements are addressed first.
4. The requirements for that increment are frozen once they are created.
Advantages of the Incremental Process Model
1. Prepares the software fast.
2. Clients have a clear idea of the project.
3. Changes are easy to implement.
4. Provides risk handling support, because of its iterations.
5. Adjusting the criteria and scope is flexible and less costly.
6. Comparing this model to others, it is less expensive.
7. The identification of errors is simple.
Disadvantages of the Incremental Process Model
1. A good team and proper planned execution are required.
2. Because of its continuous iterations the cost increases.
3. Issues may arise from the system design if all needs are not gathered upfront throughout the program lifecycle.
4. Every iteration step is distinct and does not flow into the next.
5. It takes a lot of time and effort to fix an issue in one unit if it needs to be corrected in all the units.