MT 451L: Manufacturing Automation Lab

Laboratory Experiment Manual

NAME Shahbaz Ali Wishal Qaiser

Rameesa Qureshi Saad Zaigham
Sahar Kamran Qasim Raza
ROLL NO 201109 201148
201142 201156
201145 201160
CLASS BEMTS-F-20-B

Lab Instructor: Mam Anam Maqbool

Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering

Air University, Islamabad

 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Abstract
This lab introduces the concept and application of timers in manufacturing automation
using Allen Bradley PLCs. Students explore different timers, including Timer ON Delay,
Timer OFF Delay, and Retentive Timer Delay. Exercises include designing ladder logic
for scenarios like delayed output activation and emergency stop operations and providing
practical insights into timer controls in automation systems. The lab emphasizes
understanding timer delay mechanics and integrating them into PLC programming to
enhance production processes' efficiency and safety.

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Table of Contents
Lab # 05......................................................................................................................................4
Introduction to Timers (Timer ON)...........................................................................................4
Objective.................................................................................................................................4
Software..................................................................................................................................4
Introduction............................................................................................................................4
Timer Delay.......................................................................................................................4
Types..................................................................................................................................4
Lab Tasks................................................................................................................................5
Exercise No. 1....................................................................................................................5
Exercise No. 2....................................................................................................................7
Exercise No. 3....................................................................................................................9
Conclusions..........................................................................................................................10

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Lab # 05
Introduction to Timers (Timer ON)
Objective
 To know about operation of Timer ON
 To simulate Timer ON tasks in Allen Bradley PLC

Software
 LogixPro
 RSLogix500

Introduction

Timer Delay
Timer delay refers to the use of timers to control the timing of events in a production process.
A timer delay can be used to initiate or pause a process, to trigger the start or stop of a
machine or equipment, or to control the speed of a conveyor belt or other moving parts.
Timer delays can be set to various time intervals, from a few seconds to several hours,
depending on the needs of the manufacturing process. They are often used in conjunction
with other automation technologies such as sensors, programmable logic controllers (PLCs),
and human-machine interfaces (HMIs). Timer delays can be used in a variety of
manufacturing processes, including assembly, packaging, and material handling. They can
help to improve efficiency and accuracy, reduce downtime, and waste, and increase
productivity.

Types
 Timer ON Delay
 Timer OFF Delay
 Retentive Timer Delay
Timer ON Delay
Definition
 Count time base intervals when the instruction is true.
 The Timer ON Delay instruction begins to count time base intervals when rung
conditions become true. As long as rw1g conditions remain true, the timer adjusts its
accumulated value (ACC) for each evaluation until it reaches the preset value (PRE).
The accumulated value is reset when rw1g conditions go false, regardless of whether
the timer has timed out.

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Symbol

Each Timer on Delay is made of a 3-word element.

Word 1 is the control word.

 Bit 0-12: Internal Use
 Bit 13: Done (DN) this bit is on when the Accumulation value >= Preset Value
 Bit 14: Timer Timing (TT) this bit is on when the timer is timing.
 Bit 15: Enabled (EN), this bit is on when the timer is energized.

Word 2 stores the preset value. (PRE)

 The programmer specifies this value. When the accumulated time reaches the preset
value, the controller sets the tone bit. When the accumulated value becomes equal to
or greater than the present value, the done bit is set. Usually preset value is from O -
32,767
 If a timer-preset value is negative an error will occur.

Word 3 stores the accumulated value. (ACC)

 This is the time elapsed since the timer was last reset. When enabled the timer updates
this continually.
 Time Base: is the timing update interval, this can vary from O - 1 second.

Lab Tasks
Exercise No. 1
Design a ladder diagram for the scenario:
Output to turn on after 10s of Input goes to logic 1.
a. Input cannot tum to logic 0 with in these 10s.
b. Input can tum to logic 0 with in these 10s.

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Software

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Exercise No. 2
Let’s say we have in the field an emergency stop (push button). Once the emergency stop is
pressed, we want the siren to go on after 5 sec for 5 sec.
Software

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Exercise No. 3
Let’s say that we have a conveyor, siren and 1 limit switch LS-01. LS-01 is at the beginning
of the conveyor. When LS-01 is ON we want a buzzer to go on for 3 seconds (Security) and
then we want to start the conveyor. When LS-01 is cleared then we want to stop the
conveyor.
Software

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering
 Manufacturing Automation Lab (MT 451L)

Conclusions
We learned how to use timers in a particular circuit and how to use them in this lab. When
input is high, the timer is turned ON; when input is low, it is turned OFF. Its distinct bit is
employed for various tasks. We studied PLC programming's TIMER ON feature. This
required learning how to write a ladder logic TIMER ON command and use it to control a
simple procedure. We learned about the basic function of timers in industrial automation and
how they might improve the overall effectiveness and security of production operations
through this exercise. By utilizing timers in automation, production workflows can be better
streamlined, and human errors minimized. This lab session has provided us with valuable
insights and skills that can be applied in future projects, further advancing our expertise in
PLC programming and industrial automation.

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Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering