ISSN: 0974-6471, Vol. 16, No. (1) 2023, Pg.

61-67

Oriental Journal of Computer Science and Technology

www.computerscijournal.org

Arduino Uno Based Child Tracking System Using

GPS and GSM
GOPAL BHARDWAJ*, MONIKA DIXIT, GINNI KUMARI,
KHUSHI KUMARI, and SHREYA SRIVASTAVA

Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Greater Noida Institute of Technology,

Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

Abstract
Wearable tracking gadget that school-age children can wear is the topic
of this paper. It doesn't need any pricy technology to operate. This technology
is usable by persons of all educational levels. It has got two buttons one Article History
Received: 20 April 2023
is alert button and another is panic button The major objective of this gadget Accepted: 25 May 2023
is to ensure that the youngster may contact their parents in an emergency.
The alert button allows the child to notify their parents of an emergency and Keywords
provide their current location. For communication, the current technology Calling Feature.
Child Safety;
includes Bluetooth, WI-FI, and RFID. It is hard to communicate across a great
Embedded System;
distance with these technologies because they only have a narrow range GPS; GSM;
of coverage. Also they are not that accurate. This device solves the issue Microcontroller;
School Going Children.
by utilizing GSM technology. Parents do not need to submit any special code
to the device to determine the child's location's latitude and longitude. If a child
is in any emergency situation and wants his/her parents to know their current
exact location. If a child feels uneasy, there are two methods to let the parents
know. The cell phone of the parents or guardian receives the alarm message
via SMS by pressing alert button and if the child wants to communicate
to parents immediately, a call can also be made via this device using the panic
button and the child can talk to the parent in real time.

Introduction and software. Embedded systems are crucial for the

This device is basically an embedded system development of new technologies. Many industries,
prototype of the wearable device we plan to introduce. including the defense industry, the automotive
A device or system that has distinct functionalities industry, the medical equipment industry, and other
integrated into it and real-time computation is called commercial applications, particularly in automation,
an embedded system. It consists of both hardware can employ the combination of hardware and

CONTACT Gopal Bhardwaj [email protected] Electronics and Communication Engineering Department,

Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oriental Scientific Publishing Company.

This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY).
Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst16.01.04
 BHARDWAJ et al, Orient. J. Comp. Sci. & Technol., Vol. 16(1) 61-67 (2023) 62

software. The fact that kids are more vulnerable In a research paper published in 2018, the author
and kidnapping and missing children are a common mentioned a system where they designed two
occurrence is one of the motivations for this wearable different hardware modules one for the child and
device. These incidents increase when we talk about other for parent. Also in a research paper published
school going children. As a result, the child can also in 2013 it is required for child to carry a smart phone
send a message to their parents if they are missed in for tracking location ,a school going child can surely
a crowd or lose their way home. Two different push not carry ta smart phone with them. These are some
buttons are used for sending SMS and CALL at the issues we intend to resolve in this paper.
parent’s mobile phone.
Material and methods
The system's device is small and compact, which is Proposed system can be largely classified into three
another improvement. This gadget can be created subsystems. The first one is the Arduino UNO R3
in a wearable form, such as a bracelet or watch, microcontroller system. It is the central unit of our
so that kids can use it effectively. device. To construct the suggested system, this
Arduino Uno is interfaced with the GPS and GSM
There are two modules in this system. The initial modules.
one involves the parents. It is basically a mobile
phone for receiving calls and messages. The rest Components
of the device is contained in the second module, Arduino UNO
which is the kid module. It includes a microcontroller, Essentially a circuit board, Arduino uno is used to
emergency keys, GPS, GSM, and a power source. create electronics projects involving some coding.
Consequently, the primary goal of this paper is to
assist parents in finding or rescuing their children The microcontroller based on the ATmega328P,
when they are in trouble. Arduino UNO contains 16 mhz ceramic resonator,
six analogue inputs , a USB port, an icsp header,
Literature Review a reset button , and a power jack. Additionally, it also
• To track and find children, numerous systems contains 14 digital input and output pins, of which
have been suggested. six are output pins for PWM. Everything required to
• Certain systems require child to carry a mobile support the microcontroller is included. To begin,
phone.2 all we need to do is utilise a USB cable to link
• Some of them require designing of two it to a computer, and Use a battery or an AC-to-DC
different hardware modules.3 adaptor to power it.
• Some use Bluetooth technology for
communication.1
• Some use RFID to locate the child.4
• Most of the proposed child modules are larger
in size and have numerous modules.4
• Smart Watches with internet connectivity
or photo gallery facility in it are prohibited in
classes and exam hall that’s why our system
will not require internet connectivity and
does not have camera attached, to avoid
this situation.

As mentioned in above point we found some

promising techniques for tracking child’s location
but there were some issues in these systems. Fig. 1: Arduino UNO R3
 BHARDWAJ et al, Orient. J. Comp. Sci. & Technol., Vol. 16(1) 61-67 (2023) 63

Neo 6M GPS module Methodology

The usage of the Global Positioning System is the Here, we are developing a tool that can be worn
most accurate and fastest method of determining as a wearable to track a student's position in real
your location. time. Also it should allow children to make contact
with their parents in a situation of need. Therefore
to achieve both these operations we are going to
follow these few steps
• Interface Neo 6m Module with Arduino UNO.
• Interface Gsm SIM900A module with Arduino
UNO.
• Once both these components are interfaced
successfully with our microcontroller unit we
can now programme our arduino uno for doing
the task it is to perform.
• Once the code is compiled successfully on
Arduino IDE we upload it on our arduino.
• We have also provided a microphone which
is interfaced to SIM900A GSM module for
transmission of voice of child during the call.
Fig. 2: Neo 6M GPS Module
The device is to be provided with two push buttons
A built-in EEPROM and an antenna are included in ,one for sending sms to the registered mobile
the Neo 6M GPS module. no.(parents number) other one is for calling parent
Interface: TTL RS232 in case the child wants to talk to their parents.
3V-5V Power Supply
Standard baudrate is 9600 bps. Using the Neo 6M Gps module, our primary objective
Use standard NMEA sentences. is to continuously obtain the device's location
(latitude and longitude) and send it to Arduino
SIM900A GSM Module whenever it requests it.
The module offers GPRS/GSM technology for use in
mobile sim-based communication. Mobile telephony Whenever the push button for sms in toggled the
and SMS transmission and reception employ the 900 latitude and longitude are fed to the arduino .The
MHz and 1800 MHz frequency bands, respectively. arduino converts them into a google map’s link and
transmits a message to the registered no. saying “I
NEED HELP” with this google link containing the
location of the device.

GSM SIM900A module is used to transmit this

message from the device to the parent’s mobile as
well as to make calls from the child's device.

A LED is also interfaced with arduino as indicator

to identify whether it is call which is being made or
is it sms.When a call is made it turns red and when
an SMS is sent it turns green.

Improvisations
• Existing commercial systems use technologies
such as bluetooth and wifi for communication,
these technologies have limited range
Fig. 3: SIM900A GSM Module
of communication. therefore we used GSM
 BHARDWAJ et al, Orient. J. Comp. Sci. & Technol., Vol. 16(1) 61-67 (2023) 64

technology for communication. • Proposed system does not require any internet
• Existinting systems have child module bigger connectivity and also does not have any camera
in size and required to be carried by the child attached so as to make sure that the child
therefore, we proposed wearable device which is allowed to carry the device (e.g in form of wrist
is small in size. band) in class as well as in exam hall.
• No existing system have real time calling
facility,but this system provides calling facility Circuit Diagram
on one mobile no. (parent’s mobile no.)

Fig. 4: Circuit diagram of proposed system

Working Model

Fig. 5: Hardware prototype of Child Module in proposed system

 BHARDWAJ et al, Orient. J. Comp. Sci. & Technol., Vol. 16(1) 61-67 (2023) 65

Results and Discussion say. The microphone interfaced to the GSM module
The proposed model has two responses facilitates the transmission of voice of the child.

Case 1
When the button for sending SMS is triggered,
A SMS is sent to the pre registered mobile no.
in the device i.e parents mobile number. This SMS
contains a google map’s link for the location of the
device with a message “I need Help”.

Fig. 7: Calling via child module

Applications
• Whenever the child misses his/her bus back
from school and is getting late. Then they can
Fig. 6: Massage with location link
inform their parents by calling them.
• When the child is in any situation when he/
Case 2 she does not feel safe they can send the text
When the button for making a call is triggered as well as call their parents to let them know
a call is sent to the pre registered mobile no. in the their location.
device i.e the parent's mobile number. The parent • If any mishappening takes place with the
can receive the call and hear what the child has to child like kidnapping the child can send his
 BHARDWAJ et al, Orient. J. Comp. Sci. & Technol., Vol. 16(1) 61-67 (2023) 66

her location to their parents and also can call • It has a calling facility which is not provided in
parents to let them know about the situation. any child tracking device.

These are a few of many possible applications this Using a microphone the child can talk to their parents
device can serve for a child. whenever they are in a situation where they want to
contact their parents.
Future Scope
This research is about a Smart IoT device for Acknowledgement
children safety and tracking helping the parents For all the assistance they gave me to finish this
to locate their children when they are in danger. research, I'd want to express my gratitude to my
The future scope of the project is to implement the college's GNIOT and ECE department. For this
IoT device which ensures the complete solution for child research, the electronics lab has been quite helpful.
safety problems. To convert it into a wearable watch Therefore, I want to thank everyone.
or wristband etc.
Funding
Conclusion The authors declare that the funding is done
We have reviewed all the existing technologies for by authors only.
child tracking systems and come up with this system
with following improvements Conflict of Interest
• It has a vast range of communication due to The authors declare that there is no conflict
SMS and calling using GSM technology. of interests regarding publication of this article.
• It is compact in size and so as to make it easily
portable.

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