Python Developer Interview Notes
1. Advanced Python Concepts:
- Use of descriptors for attribute access control.
- Understanding of MRO (Method Resolution Order) in multiple inheritance.
- Custom metaclasses and their use cases.
- Efficient use of context managers beyond 'with open' (e.g., for transactions, locks).
- Python memory model and garbage collection in CPython.
2. Hidden Performance Tricks:
- Leveraging built-in functions for performance (e.g., map, filter vs. list comprehensions).
- Avoiding global variable access in performance-sensitive functions.
- Use of `functools.lru_cache` for memoization.
- Profiling tools: `cProfile`, `line_profiler`, `memory_profiler`.
3. Testing and Debugging:
- Writing property-based tests using Hypothesis.
- Monkeypatching with pytest for mocking.
- Debugging coroutines and async functions with built-in `asyncio` debug flags.
- Effective logging strategies in multithreaded/multiprocess environments.
4. Real-World Application Insights:
- Decoupling logic using event-driven patterns and pub-sub.
- Optimizing data pipelines using generators and streaming patterns.
- Dependency injection in large Python applications.
5. Code Review Essentials:
- Identifying anti-patterns like excessive use of try-except blocks.
- Encouraging immutability in function arguments when possible.
- Recognizing when to use type hints vs. full-on static typing with mypy.
6. Database and ORM:
- Writing efficient ORM queries and avoiding N+1 problems in SQLAlchemy/Django ORM.
- Connection pooling strategies.
- Transaction management best practices.
7. Concurrency:
- Asyncio vs multithreading vs multiprocessing - when to use what.
- Deadlock and starvation scenarios in concurrent Python code.
- Using `concurrent.futures` for parallelism with ease.
These notes are intended for personal interview preparation and not sourced from any existing
online material.