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Computer Networks Summary Class12

Unit 2 of Class 12 CBSE Computer Science covers the fundamentals of computer networks, including definitions, benefits, and drawbacks. It discusses data communication, network addressing, common terms, transmission media, switching techniques, network topology, types of networks, network devices, protocols, and web services. The unit emphasizes the evolution of the internet and the importance of networking in resource sharing and communication.

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3 views2 pages

Computer Networks Summary Class12

Unit 2 of Class 12 CBSE Computer Science covers the fundamentals of computer networks, including definitions, benefits, and drawbacks. It discusses data communication, network addressing, common terms, transmission media, switching techniques, network topology, types of networks, network devices, protocols, and web services. The unit emphasizes the evolution of the internet and the importance of networking in resource sharing and communication.

Uploaded by

songnewacc08
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 12 CBSE Computer Science - Summary of Unit 2: Computer Networks

1. **Network & Computer Network**


- A network is a group of interconnected devices for sharing data and resources.
- A computer network involves autonomous computers and hardware devices for
communication.

2. **Benefits of Networking**
- Resource sharing (data, printers), reduced cost, improved communication, and
reliability.

3. **Drawbacks**
- Security risks, downtime, complex maintenance, and high setup cost.

4. **Internet & Evolution**


- Global system of interconnected networks using TCP/IP.
- Originated from ARPANET (1960s), became global in 1990s, introduced in India
in 1995.

5. **Data Communication**
- Transfer of data using sender, receiver, message, medium, and protocols.
- Measured using bandwidth (bps).

6. **Network Addressing**
- IP Address: Logical address (IPv4 - 32-bit, IPv6 - 128-bit).
- MAC Address: Unique physical address (48-bit hexadecimal).
- NIU/NIC/TAP/Ethernet Card: Interfaces for network communication.

7. **Common Terms**
- Node, Workstation, Client, Server (dedicated/non-dedicated), NIC, Domain Name,
Domain Name Resolution.

8. **Transmission Media**
- Bounded (Twisted pair, Coaxial, Fiber optic) and Unbounded (Microwave, Radio
waves, Infrared).

9. **Switching Techniques**
- Circuit Switching: Predefined route.
- Message Switching: Entire message buffered.
- Packet Switching: Data broken into packets for efficiency.

10. **Network Topology**


- Physical/logical layout of a network.
- Types: Bus, Star, Tree.
- Factors: Cost, flexibility, reliability.

11. **Types of Networks**


- PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN based on geographical coverage.

12. **Network Devices**


- Modem, Hub, Switch, Repeater, Gateway, Router, RJ45, Ethernet/WiFi Cards.

13. **Network Protocols**


- HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, PPP, SMTP, TCP/IP, POP3, Telnet, VoIP.

14. **Web Services**


- WWW, HTML, XML, DNS, URL, Domain Name.
- Webpage, Website, Web Browser, Web Server, Web Hosting.

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