Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University

Santosh, Tangail-1902

Department of Information and Communication Technology

Lab Report 01
Course Title: Operating System Lab
Course Code: ICT-2202
Lab Report on: Windows Commands Practice

Submitted By Submitted To

Name: Md. Faim Montasir Md. Anowar Kabir

ID: IT-22016 Lecturer,
2nd Year, 2nd Semester Dept. of ICT, MBSTU
Session: 2021-2022
Dept. of ICT, MBSTU

Date of Performance: 18-11-2024 Date of Submission: 25-11-2024

Introduction
The Windows command-line interface (CLI) is a powerful tool that allows users to interact
with the operating system via textual commands. This interface, accessible through
Command Prompt or PowerShell, provides a wide array of commands to perform
administrative tasks, troubleshoot issues, automate processes, and manage files, users,
networks, and system configurations. Understanding and using these commands effectively
can significantly improve productivity and system management skills.
Objectives
 Learn Basic Commands: Understand foundational commands for file and directory
management.
 Master Administrative Commands: Explore commands used for system
configurations and user management.
 Troubleshoot with System Commands: Use diagnostic and monitoring commands to
identify and resolve issues.
 Automate Tasks: Learn how commands can be combined into scripts for repetitive
tasks.
 Enhance Networking Knowledge: Explore network-related commands for
communication and troubleshooting.
 Develop Command-Line Proficiency: Build confidence in using the CLI for routine
and advanced tasks.

Requirements
 A Windows computer with administrative privileges.
 Command Prompt (cmd.exe) and PowerShell installed (default in Windows).
 Basic familiarity with the Windows operating system.

All windows command and their execution on command prompts:

Help:
The help command in Windows provides a list of available commands in the Command
Prompt, along with a brief description of each command. It's a quick way to get an overview
of the built-in commands and their basic usage.
Cd (change directory):
The cd command in Windows stands for "Change Directory." It is used to navigate between
directories (folders) in the Command Prompt. This command is essential for moving through
your file system and accessing different directories for file operations.

Dir (directory):
The dir command in Windows displays a list of files and subdirectories in a specific
directory. It’s a fundamental command used for exploring the contents of directories in the
Command Prompt.
Copy:
The copy command in Windows is used to copy files from one location to another. It is a
straightforward way to duplicate files or merge multiple files into one.

Move:
The move command in Windows is used to move files or directories from one location to
another. Unlike the copy command, which duplicates files, the move command transfers files
or directories while removing them from the original location.

Del (delete file):

The del command in Windows is used to delete files. It provides a quick way to remove one
or more files from a directory via the Command Prompt. However, it does not delete
directories (use rmdir for that).
Mkdir (make directory):
The mkdir command (short for "make directory") in Windows is used to create new
directories (folders) in the file system from the Command Prompt. It is an essential tool for
organizing files and directories via the command line.

Rmdir (delete directory):

The rmdir command (short for "remove directory") in Windows is used to delete empty
directories from the file system. If the directory contains files or subdirectories, it will not be
removed unless you use additional options.

Ipconfig:
The ipconfig command in Windows is used to display and manage the network configuration
settings of your computer. It provides details about your computer’s IP address, subnet mask,
default gateway, and other networking information.

Echo:
The echo command in Windows is used to display messages, enable or disable command-
echoing, or create text content in files.

Pause:
The pause command in Windows is used in batch files or scripts to temporarily halt
execution and display the message:

Attrib:
The attrib command in Windows is a command-line utility used to view, set, or change file
and directory attributes. It is useful for managing file properties like making files hidden,
read-only, or clearing these attributes.
Assoc:
The assoc command in Windows is used to display or modify file extension associations. It
maps file extensions (like .txt or .jpg) to specific file types or programs that handle them.

Cipher:
The cipher command in Windows is used to manage encryption and decryption of files and
folders using the Encrypting File System (EFS). EFS is a built-in feature in Windows that
provides file-level encryption to protect sensitive data.
Icacls:
The Icacls command in Windows is used to display or modify access control lists (ACLs) of
files and directories. ACLs define permissions (such as read, write, and execute) for users and
groups.
Fc:
The fc command in Windows is used to compare two files or sets of files and display the
differences between them. It's commonly used to identify changes in text files or compare
binary files.

Find:
Windows does not have a direct equivalent of the Unix/Linux find command, but it provides
several alternatives for searching for files, folders, and text content.

Schtasks:
The schtasks command in Windows is a powerful utility to create, delete, manage, and run
scheduled tasks directly from the command line. It allows you to automate repetitive tasks by
scheduling them to run at specific times or events.
Wmic:
The wmic (Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line) command is a powerful
utility in Windows that allows users to retrieve or manipulate system and hardware
information directly from the command line. It leverages WMI (Windows Management
Instrumentation) to access management data and perform administrative tasks.

Whoami:
The whoami command in Windows is used to display information about the current user. It
provides details about the username, group memberships, privileges, and more. This
command is helpful for verifying the identity of the logged-in user, especially in multi-user or
administrative environments.
Route:
The route command in Windows is used to view and manipulate the IP routing table. It
allows you to add, delete, or modify routes for network traffic, making it an essential tool for
managing network configuration and troubleshooting connectivity issues.
Ping:

Tracert:

Netstat:
Tasklist:

Taskkill:

Systeminfo:
Chkdsk (check disk error):

sfc/scannow (scans and repairs corrupted system files):

Diskpart (manages disks, partitions, and volumes):

Format (format a disk for use with windows):

Gpupdate:

Gpresult( displays applied group policy settings):

Sc config (configure windows service):
Hostname (display computer hostname):

Set (displays, sets, or remove environment variable):

Date & Time (displays or set the current date & time):

Print route:

Conclusion
The Windows command-line interface is a robust and adaptable tool. Gaining proficiency in
its diverse commands allows users to manage systems efficiently, troubleshoot problems
effectively, and enhance their technical expertise. By mastering these skills, users can execute
tasks more swiftly, address issues with confidence, and unlock the full capabilities of
Windows systems.
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