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Functions

The document discusses the concept of functions, including definitions, types (such as injective, surjective, and bijective), and examples of functions from one set to another. It explains the importance of ordered pairs and the conditions under which a relation can be classified as a function. Additionally, it provides various mathematical notations and examples to illustrate these concepts.

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manvendrasingh92398
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74 views39 pages

Functions

The document discusses the concept of functions, including definitions, types (such as injective, surjective, and bijective), and examples of functions from one set to another. It explains the importance of ordered pairs and the conditions under which a relation can be classified as a function. Additionally, it provides various mathematical notations and examples to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

manvendrasingh92398
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
f Fe che 27 Functions ¢ — a ‘ BS frrcion P A Rincity fim a st Ate dt B fs a bnay, selaton V4 ee LO ss Coy ah share ‘ is exactly me bER gach that (ae fp. Definition : ies for eNoy AEA 2 oe b eB sh hit Gb) EF. Te A= Xp83 , Be fryj F= AW, Cy), (oh Fis a fondion frm A 4o 8. ge {an, (ay) 5 Jf is nt ow fonction fiom Ato B ,beGuse % Cohteins no- ord pay with fist G-ovdinde 2. s ° s « ® a * - g he £9), 9) (59) 9} b h ts nt fonder fitm Ato B, becuse h Cmts tae ordded pairs WH fAsk G-oedinde ob 2. | Wha ffs a fincion fn A40.0,the dbmat beB ,ubith iv util detarivied by dhe dunes’ ac 0 denoted by 4@) ard Galled te Frage Go. ms, DeFivitions Lk PAB be @ fonctions from A te 8. «The domein of f, aaitteh dorm f , ts the set 4 ; Te Aaa 44 ts The set 8. -domath | The Sete oY vi f f , wvatten Yr f zai yf = Thea] QF fe someacn 5 = {eb | b= 4) fos Sone 0A]. + We foncioh ts ote cy Surjectve If HS targe is he Sweet, Inf=s ; thak ws ee beg i of the fom b= 4) fo1 Stime QEA 5 apiNerdiys [for any BEB 5 the quofion Def) bed a Schdin A] + TE ype—to-e (14) or injective FF ant erly Hf Spterat Soyo wha ipo: sy ean 5 SapiNal ety} Ye fOd= fe), Fy GE - Tk Wo Lijection or bijective fonction FE 85 beth one te-one. | ond ants Prommplgee Upp AY SH, B= LAN, EY or f= 10,9, 69,6969) age fio fondion frm A 8 Pamndih t f= {ia3ti=a Comet] tayet of f = 9= {S23 gi Renee of F= (43,24 =8 F is onte fis ty Shame f= Yay bot ae4. ame? dipue Am flash, Bef aeey and £={G,9)0,8), @,05- Soutiont: Fis a finden oom Ao Damch f= A Codematn / Tay a forge of 4 ath +8 Crayct of f) 4. fis nal ont Pie tly beture 40,$0,and $0) ate ott diffont. AREY Gore AH}, BZD, Fe faye, ay} amd F-10293 Solctiehe- f. 16a fanction 490m AB Domaih a SKA Tayt yf f= 6 “Sage f= XI2Y4 8 2 Bite nel ons f is nat 1 becaae fO=fiyey but 243. OR ere rag go 4 Tayet fe Be + aye Fp= Mz’ 4 is one. ’ $5 th deause F0, GO) od JO) are all dot. Sie, gf bath orf nd ope tone. Worf, gir ject function. mblsfsy Lit fz ze be dine by fiy= 24-3. ust e Domain of f= 2 yt f= 2 fi frding Yonge Me nS TT, > b- fo) b= 29-3 Fos Somme: tntaera. b= 2(q~)41 -fov Some aez. Ts, Range of $ ts the st af old infegais. Sihte Range of i f is hot onte Tt fa4 hn) “Dp 3= MAB > mam DAN “ ¢ {5 ohe-to-ohe jRarlats Let fs vont be defined by. fo = 24-3 ithe Ace, HJ= 203+ -1 EN ms f i net o foncivy IRAE GE Defike frz2e by foo= sx -Paermine plhehs] oS net f 45 re fo-cte and] os art. Satie ee Fe defenninty. Whethor fis one-one, o¥ net Lk £Gu)=-fom) Wea St Ae WE casas > W)C %) = 50, %H) 2 BP) Gp)-S3=—0 > AX oF A=S 2 NaN, of We SA 2 The qx fu pouslifes (apa of 45%), fF Ts nd one-pone. for defetiining- whdher aa TS onto ov nat GaatOr the epson F0)=0 > I sH5 <0 Ee Teen (by gocrate-fomet) Hence, the equation fC)=0 has ne Tirhg St. Solutions . el easter Aeon Naga of F + tein / Tange tf f jy het onde } ARERR Define prev My foo=ar- x, Delsimine Whehdr ov nat f 8 chads we ant Jos ‘onto. Selltst gy Acrising whefhar [15 ohe o-one or nat lk fo = fon) er 9, ez 2 aoe Pas L Aa). > 3@8)-G-n) D3 (Hen) Ore +44,) =O) 2 hrm) ati AP I0n)-14 <0 DONA OF AAA, Sey A ard A qe nhges 5, OPA) Wi also. be op, Trdg aid 4 1 a foactotal rombs Se, forall Wnt , AF} HAH T6 rE poste Se, WEA “is the oy posibity- “ 4 Js one—to—ohe for detorviing whether fs one or net, Grsidét the gh f= for irdget. @bdjons. > apxatt > x@ty Sine, We ae Josking. 6. itrtegot Solitons, : LAS on indy ss» G41) wi} be ah thteger. Nw, prosct of vo Iirig 85 Gn be 1 ory hen feth ne 4 oy -1. & yt BTA oy A= at1=4 het possible forary Hee not possible Verte We doch airhegeh Var x jy posible So, equation FO9=|. fed ho toys Sold fer. 4% dae $f bt lez Cray } f) Seige, te Gilera [raya “FAs nat onte Luss, Defe Gzwe by gay ath yx a9 onde 2 ts 4 omsasne? kale Fos deterring, Wheher Fis One4j0- gre or net la Gou)e ge) $e sume; 4, 5%. CZ > Uisre pasar 2428s 44,244, 2G Aa)CANH) = 1074-4) Gy) {209713)474 <0.» D> WL oF LS bit % 5% ce Ihyss Bo Ade I fs ek fosible So, Haw is te only pity ct as he —Te—ene. vbw Gnss he eayetion , $= 0 > wey an20 2 wWhyFAt 20=0 = ee : | ee oe er ( 8} indetic-fowl) Hehe, fhe eyuetion Ho=— kes he Inga Seliant. nr 6 sage d y bit -9€ Tayet af 9 (2) wept wat dy 5 15 nit onto Example? Ft ReaR be defined yy fay=2a—3 Stitighe Fry jarvis whelhhy fie weppre ot : { 1D ore -49—One, {oration (restyetial jrreath of -fP= 24-2 45 ov Straight Sine hawitg Slope, 2 ‘ah Yantaepe 3 F xs a) pena 24d a “s Retye tf = R= Codoheit : ae | : + if Hand opts, f ic ow Lijective fonction, Bape? f ROR be defined Y fW— abe fos Defining Nhethae f if one-to-one ox vet, bec f(A)=FOln) fe >, eR 3% DLA = 94, TGS Am aGea= Capt) 301) CAHN) — hy Ao Croat ao Raza.) eo Wem vy ACTA Apr Vy “thar oe Hoe postales. - fe net ohe~te —ene. Vy yw iy Sine , fA) apex tra, Clic funckioy od the Dev sf Ghic frndions et damaih KS ch@oy® (—#,eJon°R ago th = Codemajh oF \2)=2=-¢2 > bee v => \ra)a 43 > Ao pneroye py and ( ate denoted ih 15 defined by Pomain= QR ~ p= J% if x20 ie Se) =L YER [yEo} A) fs AC che —to-ohe, because. Hlen=1. bt te. > Beleae Yas Gyroph 4 foal) Yair a) Hel amber x, the hear ob % watch Lad, # he gXetest Thhyar tas han os pal 40 x, thet “Sis tHe Uiique Whaat Rl SetSfiby a)< Lal ex. omble a Loot] = 2 e Lsal=4_ i jer Lboi]=2 | Lea=3 Dandy = & ORs . Lad fo not ore —d0-one The {Awe function fe wad ; Gmmorly, Glled oS Gwerfert sim Tinted. forcfion and alse denoted by ‘Tas. a fs tay = 4 . a > CerLINh FUNCTION = Tho iy >, oath Fe7, fs the Seat Yerssterterrrt eit inte ge equ to %, that $8, She onigiie. they 157 S$ stifinng Pearare re Qunle€ fog]=3 | fiasq-> » \2-01]=-2 ay of Pomath= k — tT f= [x] T2T fs hat Ghe“4o“one tt EXERCISE~ 3-1 Ddemaih= Ves AF = F= COW), Oy), (3, CH), B35 detet Ste f js yet fonction jbeause Phere are fo” orddred pass hati 3a BE Cnantinee. W f P= 10,09, obs f¥ net oo forcivy, because jhoe W yo ordded pr feng 3 ab frit G-orinde. Q f= €GEV,00, 60} one TAS @ fonction with domath =12,3,44 ond Tarye afi}. i Ss D f= LGA, CY ale fils Wwe finctien beause Jpbte tit fous Sifjorert> . oflared pars bovi 103 fot. G-ofdjhale- © eo LG, 9, 6, CII Sa fing ab fas ta {12345 Rage, Ware Lire 4) ‘ A= £0.|%@ js a Student Gatrenth Sygistdel at the unVeUry istine Hf clyagh J B= {b|s” jo a parfestos ot he UNE 4 Glyery5 & {elrer te a Gare art bang. offen ot the onVey of Glyay 5. @ {GY ais kiya aie ale Tis to fincion , we akeh each Shudedt at the University t Chay jot ote, Profeilis. TD w& Shae fs taki Gourds fem tog of mere Posfeasad Hey is til) nek He firction. & {@o] as fst clas ech wee fh cf Be 7} oth, Shue Ganen te arston| at the, university of a Fy a | one Course, then Abe irdith ° {GJ fo bes 2 cass the ew Flog ofdenan§ Sale Fis fr a. fanctioy, oy They each Stulek at) the UVa of Gps, “had a, loss gh friday, of too Ye thow i otlaat, ghe Studer ak the omivensiy the had ne clea on Fad atone they Abs a nek be. aufndith . £9 _ Balaton e- 29 Bialike 27 yg st Orel eracly che — ebinert Th & cartaits neve thay ehe elemeis ie bh, ( the for ony & €A , AKB Wil Gytih Ca,},), (9,4), - Tdefn« , ARB Will nat be o -forction th this Gbe fit Ato B oy Whey 8 Cohdains a @) che-te-one. bik hat onto, ase f: NON de define y fW= 2 W onto bat nat’ che—to-one, sobs. finow fO= dL y weL a 5 tet © eth one—je-one hey ent. she f Nan fM=5 ¥ Beth She —Fe-Ehe ard orto. Be fintow le defied by foo X= {2 [avo Corby Shthe Bitish Ginn Wty VEC 9 y fee parm oho lives Mh fole inhies J. we HEX then oo 4 a County my she Bifish Common Uealth and evo4y Coury have a Unique aime minister Y, whe Lived Th frat’ Courtiyt, that is, yeY. Hente , Pane Miniter iS a fonction for X by. TE yey then y fo ing In che Sf the Countries fy She aiish 1 is Rie Shae domicile Hy ia SS Unauela detorntnel Courby o% eX. 2) Qaiting fealking Haked ud faye’, admission Price® aye Seki Comme efanpld Se et habe, quaths .ee%enble te, ge of te f farctitn £4) dude 'S= {422,455 , fis—z f= {e 1 Xs even as xis odd as ao Saget of SX2 We Gh exper f os F-WE9,60, 66,5) Potralh 4 f= Li23,58}=s8 , -lemin of f= z Rerge, bf = {3,158,175 ¢ C-derain dF ee Range f- (o-dorncin-f = fi net onko fo=fO-s Wats ae fill tot, he 48-ene.. g? Gabe oA RKRSRy; add (Y= say FAO.) = (47 bt WF GD) we add fo nek one-to-one add (ny)= AY for WYER Sinte , eYo4, Spal mambo Gn be expec a a Sun gf Aca “Dieell numba Sarge ¥ add Cay) = R= Co-domon gd 48 Onto Ww att Wyvlhs RARSRon 4 mole (Hy) my oul (42) = rmlk Gy = 9 luk GY+(a) tmult fF het ohedho- tne molk GY) = Hy for MYER Sive,eloy Srol rurbor Gn be evfacaeed a a. ynsltiphiction Of Soe Sree hoibns ~ Ranger of moti Gy) = R <= G-deracin x" we mulk 19 ante. : 24 Orne fs Z—> Zz by Bee Mitt Lea Foy=gW=2 bk -144 Pt het ehe — te-Ope- Fox qny AEE $ j= s \aeL ed Th the sage f ¢ Gains oll Posie Integers Leghing- ro A, which he seb of oll netural Wombars - 4 Stage f = Ng Gletin ¥(z) ys ne onto. D Bene gi z—aw by god = PN Sissy Cajeg()3 ht OR ree yi No ohe-te-ohe + fos ony XEF pio beLEL Tas, tho Saye of 4 Contrind all f fiom 1, whith é. et f « all att ele Notrbé ce gengen of FN = Glotrain tt g fo ante B19 Define f: Qe f= Bats - village Uk tay) f0l) fir 1 heQ DF BA45=31tS Fes stp a AA, FF ere de he esr poe 5" iy be @ the eqatin b=, = fo has. Pe ie + -f is onto v Dene fF NN by f@=a145, BuO Soha) to amen Fy WpS=saHots FMF 7 NL es if fo che be-Ghe-y fe ow xen nts 28 Tos, te Senge pf \Cortins ll Nebr nob Stating fim B. pe Mee ie L8,3,10,11,-- - 4 Gdomein (Nn) FAC noe ont. PI) g) Defne hi zz ly 6 hide 442 | ailive h-D=hW=3 but 194 h SS pat Ohe -te - one. For any REZ the oprtion hinh=1 has ne Solution 1 Siunge of h bit 1€ 2 (co-demain of bh) Srange ah + (odemah fh - ff Wot onto. @ Defhe hi non by hope sre ahe NaS ht) Br At eN DP ay= te PRA id” pce oe I ANaneeor Aa. 1 Ge, x, anh % onw nafvrel nombehs $0, A=—%e {5 not possible : Ae is the arly {osmbiy hy Ab che to-one - fir omy Xen the quetin HOd=t. ns ho Seation Ag oh but... 1.6 IN» (co-domatn qn Coben fh me gh. h fs net onto. LY g presrz i y= oat 51 polititne-— lar gi) = gfth) for Wo €% > i ie oe ee a ee el D> Wt ly S1= Hh Hyp-5 > 3 Lay? = V4 & 301 2)= -Ha =n) DH 3 HM)AA) Ath) =o DY ABB) + 4} =0 PF AA OF Wt SE, 1) Xr oe ‘bytes Soy AN, = % p net Possible AHA is the ony possiitry-- - “% 5 Oreo - che . Fos defor wheshar 3 WF orto or nk, Consildy the eayatien i D> atttti—-si=0 7 AEDS : mete Be atte (By quad stic estou) She, The equation g@=o_ he fess te ing Selition, oF TS bik 0€ eit b at eae sere onts &) Fire go- SA YA-81. Pedint lat FO)= gm) for AH CR 2 otfstta,-st = Sut 51 PF APH Ay ae & 80 th)O be) SMG-%2) By 3h) (Hi -%) 441A) =9 &% Oy r)Xacrin) <0 . She thee dro 40 Ieee 4 38 het one-to-one x ays a qge3itiie_ss | 5 HP 9) = choy sD) | (3) ao < Aes | = 8 (44H) = 22 Giese VG; ) | | The Gniph of 96) — sip-St Tha pardab (opwnd fact) baling, Vane ot & Bb pier es PDE Le fm sin) fir Ayrton > AA -1= As] J OD) tHG) <0 FAR), A) HAG Ho) <0 % * (AWC) 4149 =0 DWN ow AA M Srey M ahd ay ane Nahral Nese Ayr =—Af 49 het possible. $0, w= fo the only gosbny. eta Ge—jo- Ene. Ot _» D+» » » i DDD» nb nn hn nmnan mannan f ho Wetvaal jo: Sblakiey Pi rg of f pik —100 € B (co-demsin fF) Sage ff Gdominelet FAs not orto Y. Dee free by foo aeter-s1 B= {bez} GS -1085. Satin & 8 fo) =f04) ON CE 2 A Wise ates] 2 GEM HO-=0 Gite) ih) + 14049) =0 2p SOG toe PF 4S e OF A= 14 i Shee foe Ow ve fas “i fis net the —to- one 2 Gnsider the eqodion, f()=1 Z 2 P4451 ab ae 2 Bit-sa=0 > A EEO seam ( Ooh) a2 9 t= -F4A0) Sie the eatin f)=1 hab ho tnt Seldon. dae ae "os bit 1 8 (Genin of) Senge off + Grlomein of f ‘é F 18 nat ont . ©) Defhe FE ROB by fds ats; a= {her | ba-1ef st Lieto Since, f( WA) but +43 f fs net oye te Oe (avis fo noes \ | (oiy= 14PH-s1 A+) =A00 \ / The tyraph ¢ fOr) — Ryyst \ i Tra onward farity yarubale. CR for having Veer at (—7,-100) V (429) + Rage of f— Etco,w) = B (co-Aowiin 4) SNE, Codemeh ard Yonge & ae Qgrel S0,f {5 onto 29 @ fF: ROR cefredy foo—t. Satie ae penety = R Sie foray ip a GSC fyndtisn and cubic fonctions alongs Yave ange R ovat domain R. \ ; Range 4 f= fg po ; Range 4 Fa Gdorein o-k eas x fis. ont. FOn)= 40%) fae HER Ae ae > rirapao 2 A-%) AE Ah) = 0 FHA or W447, <0 She HHHTAHMo 8 nk Posse fos yrLER, ee ee ee ee i ee lc el TO. t ey &, ha, i) fhe ay poS bility fis whe —t0- ene ! WD Ge RAR defied by Y= ala]. Guldjmre — dondn p= 2 SS Noort From she opp IF Gn. be Seen the, : ferge yk Pere ar 3 Rage of g= Colonel 5 FR 0,%,20 2 wee = ah) : > aay 2 AH) A neo 2D Uytjjro ov Ap, SMe, Ayhare ts pak pesslle (exept 7}=7,<0) Set WP He only pili Ger they lah nord. ou pie ie. A¢0,14,¢ (2 is A= aCe) > qa 2 Gana ees : ea PF Qn)=0 oF Hm, SINCE, Aep=o Ts nek FeBSiBes, SA @emt he AS negative and other ts hor Ve. 2 ene ed ol 1 y Hy ‘ S AW=0 Which is NOE Aue for 7) eR. (enep ap x >n=0) « < In all "4 Gi 5 Ay : 3 \S he Ay, 4-9) 4, Ord 2 OIC 2 Ae SD 4% pi She-FE—One sie, f IS ene-Je-one ahd ontt. ae a Bijective furchitn oF ROR defo y fen2 8. Years dative penwtn f f= fer any XR 2X d0 ~ B50 > y2>8 = > z ew > 4353 Range op f= Gx) Ronge 4 f-42 Codomein q ¥ { fo hat _onke ut fo) fon) foe HAP. > : a2 tr\ al DP HT 43 2 9=e 9 wA-l= 1 Se Ae a {5 one to ~Ohe LY oy) defme per by feat Galins Fina ais Daming f= R Pima grt a (<0 zs F>o for all HER - I = fe) 5g alas eye fro) = Bx os f>0, 2 Onde ff 8 Cisse i sr Peg ard Greve vp fy Xe e), a Naess fOy= arp eons From the Gragph ie a8 dln Shek, fo hecho bre and onto. wy Pefhe fre 22 dy fO- oA Bde Ik AO=LOn) $04, ,Re'e 49, = ay, v DS 3613) 40)-11) 20 D 8G) OPH) HA R-Eo > Wf SORA) Hy <0 > We 08 PAE -Yy SINC, Ay ahd YL, ado Wlegers . 80 APT Ha = js hot pave Ip ata Is the shy fosibinity. “of Si chert -one- Hei SHE She, eypetion $60=1 has no ite ations . 1 up Hf bite Le Gdomsit fF + Shale f dodemoin f. “fF 48 nit onto gr. ) ei ROR 49° aeart . * yo a ya= of desks 4) 'w20 Fox 44wro © gO AE intasing Th Cog Gar”) # deoeaing th (rb) qa = om | i ee i ee ee Gave sf go} ty nave dear for AE Es) Od Craver d up fev X€ 0,0) | (5 . rs Ne) Sq) <9 gh had movie ee == a4) C()pe 9 gO he ina “eben 4, c i (s \= dytdtt= gett e t(HJ= 4 36 PLease 4 >o = 1 mG Faem the Graph Ht is cleat that GB onto bat it hee oie ®@ Define perez ¥ p= ofan . : ae Hime Sinle, = ayer but oF. 2 ye hat one-fo-ohe, Sine, She eyed on glai=2 ber be AnteySr Solute. “ gg Sratge ft aay ay 2€ Gedonaln yf ya omg ay ‘el onto. rh RR RET © now defined by qov= NHL filme id 4Cu)= 10) fir 25% EN FF Walaa] » GMs) ay: ° > O72) 4 HL) - Oaa)eo D> An) O74) =0 2 Tem oo Wet SHe, TEN So, WHDIAA=1 IS Hot Possible. So) Hama Es the ly prsility, 5x iS ore —-fo-ohe. - Since, dhe egnrtion 9(4)=2 ea no naturel hotly Seley 2¢€ Stange of bat 2 € C-demein 3 () + Hange ef ¢-# Gdomain by <9 85 net onto BY @ Am) =2n+3h 5 -f NNN PA me P=fae—n bet O96) off “pk One —A8~ one - sine the cajedion fog=2 has” he haivy Xe (hm) NmeNn ag dage Jat bit 26 G-donain f 4 f ts nat onto - W fry = antam 5 f:zxe —> =z gaitine sine, N=PO = dik Ch* UD so, $ is nok One sto-dte For ery Kee , the &pation Kafe hat fhe Sedition, = (Kk) 5 Kk ee . + is ante: © Form) = thy +2xm § fs NkW ON Geitlng — She, Pa) Gea) tee “bit! Gay +6628) = AS nat he-dp-one- She, the eatin fO)=F has ho Golatfon cists sc that a= Chui) g nymen 7 - fs nat onts ) fom = UD 246m 5 f.BxXe> Zz Bilis inte, floas)= Fle) =24,84 bet ©a9)+(0469) Sf FS nae Gedorene. For ay bez ste epetion K=O) has the Soldien We (43, -HE). 2 GB one. © forind = Bem f ZxZ On dle fs)=f{69=H bt BOFO) a f rat vhe-to-ere , Sine, she pion fO)=4 has he, Salution erisks sud het Kym) > nymez “fis hot onto ) Fame | Rlet 5 fe NAN oN Alulione fo» efepe=2 bt @Yy+G3) F is not ohe-Fo-one. F Chin) =1 if wn ie-F(2,0)=46 ratee 1 fox n>, We have y= f-(n-1,)), , Tus, fev any KEN , dhe eqypetion K=F(a) has foe Sotion a Sod tot X= (Kk) 5 KK EN * f i onto LW =, < Q Foo ws Mish 40) Eo defied hey G40 9 442 a Doran gf Fe ha {HER [aay Id ye fat J 19 5 a4 > 1541 J LE A Cdwin f f) bi y#o 1 Poy fo f= LY] 940} i WY fo are Peblltnge — fea) 45 defined why Ua)r0 5 x44 os Domnath + = f= {ne€r] x4 J= Coy) Fram tk Gityh + fey =, this desly seeh that ia Orr 4 Range tis LYERI Yoo}. Cove) SS BD & fe (ows Pon, G0 elution a” Stree, Fa)= £@)=4 Ak q¢4 fis net he—Fa-one f win de wed oe We Sesthct Als demotn te f{aic¥ ov U6a4 . DY FRR dfndyy fod ries Sutity ¢- f= - @tg—nx) = — @x3)> She, f= fe)=— 4 LA Nee * fi hot Ehe-fo- ane. Te tnahh of fov= (ong fo a a fa gotabel having Nentoc a (3,50) Yemis 1p We shiek fy dovih to -_ Bo) oro] tint WI be a oht Ye-one forstion. © ft RoR defines dy Flue sina . Sine sie, £06) —fom)= yt 894 1%, <> £15 yet one =to-ene. ry We Hedi WS domain ty @ na Shen it Will be o 4 whemer he -t6-ohe -functith Pay 5S, Aa Sfisosy s Foe fg EA, define fot IF fg) (4) Pile tht ~ 15 ah eqpintdene syelctien on A Padith-e Reflerive ; ten, fut 2 fIsrfo Whi 15 fove ~~ AS Sutleyve. Smvehic: ps fg En S44 2 4)=95) 2 ¥6)- £6) > VF ce re Synmetiic fsansifve > Fox Bh ih y fy and gah ~~ FOr4®) ard 45)= his) > fe=he) 5 oh =f a8 fren. Site, nw 16 Seffeve, Synietsic ahd transitive Here, Hk {5 an cppiivalen’e orelation oh A- WY f= 4059) Cop), WS, 3- {8 ahF FRX goudivi & iss enyittalence Clans of Po f= $4155 figs F {9595} 105)0=9) 4 4 S>5 | 46)=a4 T= {EoGo, oF {69,09 69), ; £659); G,5),(b9)4 5 {5a)5(49), (oy) 4s 16 ,9),9),(4b3 469) (0A) ,69%, {59),(4)), GO}. 5 G9), @),ODY, 169), 0), 095 Y 22) SAR ayEH odefihe ny IF fe Poa yer define ay iF fo0=t) @ gual Refleyive + fas X€A NK 2 R=) which fs hue. cy $8 Heflexive - Qynmehic: > For yer EH wy of S= 4) > Fo=49 F Yar toa i Sphiime-fic Transiites for ay BEA BL any od yr? 2 f@=f) ant Y= fe) 2 fi=4e) F Ine sms Transitive. —=— = = am F ‘ 5 Syinine ahd Arnsitive Sine, v 1S Inflexive Here it 12 qh Cxpli Valence ieeet{on (b) fi ROR » fin= Al 5 0, 7,3 = ae 5) WYER rwy if fo) = Fy) eplalen® door of 0 =5 = act] xno} B= fxer | fo =fo=o} free foy-o} = fret |twd-4} (3) Se epittlere dass of t= i = fret] eg} | B= {xh | $0-4@eNy Fefuct | wi-14 3 io i 38° fc Jay Slo (nek 40-fea)=-1] ao {xk |= 1 @= bo ©) A= BH {42,345.69 , $= 402),(2)(2, (4,9), 66 Y6 Gidloe [= fx ea}amr} =frea| fod4fs25 =fren ooy-day. Te Le A Jur} = Yuen] for feo J = CHEN FOM=1Y = 03,64 302 (ay fe definition of equiv Valence class ) MP (4) He PROPOSE T TON 9-4:3 ) simaly Ger Ye \ + r Se, Ta8=F= {23/64 Fe THEA} eon = fen | 40-4 = {xen | fap= 5} = (44 5= {AEN \nns} = fuer | 46= {9} = LxEn [fon = ef 2954 Br Xe {ah}, Yefn,2,3 @ Usk ofl he ews fer X4oV and Y4o xX. ulin @ fe KEY 5 AWS rn(VJ=3 TAL re of fusion ein X AoY= NOP” =3=3 AY Functiens oom X 4X ye $4) 05 AG) 094 As0,625 9,6. £0969) ara {49,00} 46,623 {69,095 ) FOX yraer, nQ=3 Tok! no. of fonctions F100 \t0% : bos AN functions firm ¥ eX ove £49) (2 4) ,6y4)} S050 a) 5 4 8G,9),C2),6,09 {09 2D, 894 {00,24 G09, {0,0),09), 0504 $C )2,8),094 5£Cih), 4), Ob} Y) List ath He ae —to—ero fonctions fovin X to ¥ and Yo X. Soutiine — P X—\ ys nW=2 ,HY)=3 wel no- of oresnone indians. fn XY = 3) @) 4 vy Ni chet ore finhchens fren X do que XO50695 5 {,), 9} 5 £00,605, LO9,GD} (ed,00} {9, U2}. x ivy @ 4:Y sx Sito. Wo. A chimn's Th Y ax ine fh Gipson 46 he No. of, cltenit in X. Go, ak fe net past de fate difozat inages fos all the cements of + Ne ef Ghe-fo-e functions om Y'to X= o ©) te all the, od funding fio X 4oY and Y #0X. Jane Gi) PAY ‘ Hee, Ho. of elemnnat 3 Y ade has fn Gmparfion cho he he Gf clarents 1h so, the seye of all unions fom Xe Sl oO fave eas po. of cirermnts tncrbarivoy {9 G-domelp TWws, NO onto function from X40} iS possible . ®@ fa Xox PAPRPPADRARA PPAR RARARAARAAAAAAAAAA Tebh to. % onto funcfions foue ¥ to X = Eee i. AN nid fonctions. from Y) do X av £(,9,0:9,08} ,£ 9,02), C0] 14,9, @V,CHY > 09,29, Ga} Ab), 0), OH} , (C4), 00), G04 Dy) Xe fahey ard Y= {4,234 @ ° 5 Poudjepe — G) firey 5 AM= 3), N= ’ jal number of ohe’ chiens firm = soso Gf she-to-one. firctiens eed, = AML ohe—te-one rfincions: Lum X Ju que NOD EIGI}. 5 {C4),60),(699 A9),69; GY. {G0,69),695 {@)), 1,694", {G0,69),634 {GCI} 49,0,695 {67), G.GD} La, 69),Gay LO) GOGH {orn9, Ca} {43),WU,GIF 5 169,6,694 LODGIVAVE {6,6 AG) £4), GA GDy {G), GHGos LON GD,GIJ LOA), GICAY LOM OGD} 5 409A), 9} £65,4),03,9, C50}, £09. 4),04,3). (695 ee eS @ F:¥5% Nb ohe- to ane fonction 0 powvible fovin Y to ¥ , beGuse Y hed trove Haymbe of clement ad Combatred to x ) Soule | foxy NO abt fonction fr possible fon X 40 Y, beGuse X bad Le85 home of climentd ad Compared 0 Y- ® e 1 Yoox 153 Tot no. of ide fiction on Ya0x= Dei en) oe AML ohto functions fom ¥ 40% a36 X6,9,0)9), 89) G03 , {4,,C)9), 2.0, 4) 408,0»), 09,405, {WI,2b) C504 {0,0,2,0509),69} 160:69,20. 49%, £19, 2) (5.9, 407 1A); 0) 9), GB} sf Gs), 9,28), 405, {49), (ZO), (alts {019,0,9,(3,0, 4B] 1{G,9, 28), G9, Hay}, {2,9 05,80) Galy 20.9,2.0,6), ah} (68) 0, 625, AO), 00,69 CDf 099,684.99 , (19,E9, G9), GO} (0) G0), Ge), (49) 6,5, 0.9), GY V9), 2,6, 4,94 40,4, @), BP, Gal} rt Ga), C9), @9,Cf NW, 29,69, 9% {6P, 900,49} {00,698,094 , (G9) @2),0,9), 4H) 0,0) CHO) AT LCi C9494 1 £092,000), 402 {49,969 49)4, (10, (2b), 9), (5,99 (49), 9, GW), Gb 4 {69,9 Ob AH) ,f 6,9), 24), G0 (49h > {O,2,9, 00), G9}. WUNNININININININININNEN SN S'S SS WV VU | st» Baiting fF: X—s) IXl=in When Th rade , Heninber f Anion fiw X to X=" 42 Saleep Viv }21.3] 4 bea eh ta doe 31118 | thot 411 [16 fab | 250 Qs \Alan , gl=m @ fi A>8 Seis > im then R40 net paste te hate cffowst Th Ye s&s forall the clement of st hee Thustne ~to—ohe de Fundion fingesible from A 40.3 OQ friars Bille Lf in>h 1k ines nonber ¢ elemen th Set 8 ade trove thah the humberof “elements in SekA. Th fis Cnition, Fhe Song of all foncicns ‘hem A #8 DIM alidey have. Jas horrber, of clementd th Gipson fe G-dencin C3) Tus, No findion from A to8 Gn be erie. 2D Unies) £24 8 Bhs — it th A and B have h eletnents. ASwne that Fine we ohecto-one ahd tek c= {fo} ae A Shee , ft ohe- toon. funchier 2 Heap) 1 9.4%. 4, ¢ wit have different eleinents CFF @Typsspot Subset of g 58, CHB Taefae, f fs ote GonVOwely. 5 Suppose + {0 onto. a) Vf] ae }=B8 and do the ot PFO aeaj Ghtains h distinct clements- SIC, A Gryteids wy rreleinerts , we Cannot have f4,)=F@,) fos Aistined 4,4, 5 thos fi5 tme—fo-the - Tas f 1 che ~to—ohe tf eh oly f ty ento. Guia.s fiNon 5 f= a FB eterone hut not onde. NO, thio does nat Gubradict (@) beGaure ir hot finite. ee OO RS F fs eto bit nat che— ee ae) 5 Fop=% for xe[T,9; a1 >, for nell jf Fos EGA) 5 Ale D few KER) sefOV= > for HERS) sLk= 49 fev 16 Ele) 5 f= %4 for Keay!) j= 27 fo xeEr)) jFO= 1-2 Lt Db Dh DAD DPA AAA ADAA AP SD AAAAAAAAASA w Bain Detnalh Si R 2d Saudi spas Gh rte Fy ang XE eat nto. fos Some Unfgysu n ard X€P,) thes, Bs any Heh fFO= ata+ Lang fo) = bta+t hyial fig) = abtajzo = ano hee Back) Toh, Sarge ¢ f= V sha. Yen | Jeena , nee 5 osaet From the Graph we Gh lealy obsearve. that f 18 che-to-one but not onto. Ss RAR 5 S~s71-WA, Sine, S()=S@)=o duit 12 S {8 net ee—do-cne fos amy KER, We Gh wate ee nta foy Some inigér n and o

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