TOPIC-5(Basics ofl lacking 100 MCQ )

1. Who is a hacker?

A) A software installer
B) A person who designs games
C) A person who accesses systems without authorization
D) A hardware engineer
Answer: C

2. Ethical hackers are also known as:

A) White hat hackers

B) Black hat hackers
C) Crackers
D) Virus creators
Answer: A

3. Why is it important to hack your own system?

A) For entertainment
B) To test vulnerabilities
C) To damage the system
D) To avoid updates
Answer: B

4. Which of these is a principle of ethical hacking?

A) Selling data
B) Crashing systems
C) Respecting privacy
D) Stealing passwords
Answer: C

5. Black hat hackers are known for:

A) Protecting systems
B) Ethical behavior
C) Malicious hacking
D) Writing antivirus software
Answer: C

6. Non-technical attacks include:

A) Social engineering
B) SQL injection
C) Buffer overflow
D) DoS attacks
Answer: A

7. Which one is NOT a danger to systems?

A) Application attacks
B) OS attacks
C) Network attacks
D) Software updates
Answer: D

8. What is the first step in the ethical hacking process?

A) Buying tools
B) Executing the plan
C) Formulating your plan
D) Evaluating results
Answer: C

9. Operating system attacks include:

A) Phishing
B) Weak password exploitation
C) Network scanning
D) Cookie theft
Answer: B

10. What is one main goal of ethical hacking?

A) Damaging systems
B) Identifying vulnerabilities
C) Stealing data
D) Avoiding updates
Answer: B

11. The hacker's mindset involves:

A) Following laws
B) Thinking defensively
C) Understanding system flaws
D) Ignoring security
Answer: C

12. Ethical hacking tools must be selected based on:

A) Price
B) UI design
C) Hacking goals
D) Software brand
Answer: C

13. The process of maintaining anonymity is important to:

A) Avoid recognition
B) Protect the hacker
C) Stay hidden during an attack
D) All of the above
Answer: D

14. Which of these is a danger in networks?

A) Port scanning
B) Patching systems
C) Login logs
D) Backup files
Answer: A

15. Who coined the term "ethical hacking"?

A) IBM
B) Apple
C) Google
D) Microsoft
Answer: A

16. What separates ethical hackers from malicious hackers?

A) Use of tools
B) Knowledge level
C) Intention and permission
D) Type of systems used
Answer: C

17. What is NOT a part of the ethical hacking process?

A) Evaluating results
B) Crashing systems
C) Formulating plan
D) Executing plan
Answer: B

18. What does "planning and performing attacks" refer to in ethical hacking?

A) Testing system defense

B) Damaging networks
C) Virus creation
D) Installing spyware
Answer: A

19. Who are malicious users?

A) Hackers who help companies

B) Government agents
C) Unauthorized system breakers
D) Hardware repairers
Answer: C

20. Which type of attack manipulates human behavior?

A) DoS
B) Spoofing
C) Social engineering
D) ARP poisoning
Answer: C

21. Which of these is an ethical hacking principle?

A) Working secretly
B) Working ethically
C) Denying responsibility
D) Using malware
Answer: B

22. Crashing your own system during testing is considered:

A) Ethical
B) Illegal
C) Unethical
D) Required
Answer: C

23. Hackers who break into systems for personal gain are called:

A) Grey hats
B) White hats
C) Red hats
D) Black hats
Answer: D

24. The final step in the ethical hacking process is:

A) Executing plan
B) Selecting tools
C) Evaluating results
D) Reporting bugs
Answer: C

25. Application-level attacks target:

A) RAM
B) Databases and software
C) BIOS
D) Printers
Answer: B
26. Ethical hackers must get ______ before testing.

A) Rewards
B) A password
C) Legal permission
D) A VPN
Answer: C

27. A hacker mindset requires:

A) Creative problem-solving
B) Hardware skills only
C) Focus on profit
D) System formatting
Answer: A

28. Network-infrastructure attacks affect:

A) Browsers
B) Power cables
C) Routers and switches
D) Mobile screens
Answer: C

29. Respecting privacy during hacking means:

A) Reading private chats

B) Avoiding sensitive data
C) Changing passwords
D) Editing logs
Answer: B

30. One reason hackers break into systems is to:

A) Secure the data

B) Understand policies
C) Gain unauthorized access
D) Reboot devices
Answer: C

31. What is reconnaissance in ethical hacking?

A) Data deletion
B) System crash
C) Information gathering
D) Sending spam
Answer: C

32. An ethical hacker's job includes:

A) Attacking competitors
B) Fixing bugs
C) Finding and reporting security issues
D) Making viruses
Answer: C

33. Cracking passwords is a part of:

A) Application testing
B) Network design
C) Ethical hacking (with permission)
D) Bypassing ethical process
Answer: C

34. What helps hackers remain anonymous?

A) VPN
B) Password
C) Router
D) Firewall
Answer: A

35. Which attack uses software flaws in systems?

A) OS-level attack
B) Social attack
C) Hardware attack
D) Visual attack
Answer: A

36. Who are grey hat hackers?

A) Hackers who follow rules

B) Hackers who report bugs without permission
C) Script kiddies
D) Data analysts
Answer: B

37. What is ethical hacking also called?

A) Network spying
B) Legal hacking
C) Bug hunting
D) None of the above
Answer: B

38. The ethical hacking process must be:

A) Fast
B) Secretive
C) Documented
D) Untraceable
Answer: C

39. Tools used in ethical hacking must be:

A) Expensive
B) Legal and appropriate
C) Hidden from authorities
D) Paid only
Answer: B

40. What is the result of not following ethical hacking principles?

A) Appreciation
B) Legal action
C) Promotions
D) Faster testing
Answer: B

41. What is a primary reason for OS-level attacks?

A) Missing keyboard
B) Flawed updates or patches
C) Power failure
D) Overheating
Answer: B

42. Hackers who defend networks are called:

A) White hats
B) Grey hats
C) Blue hats
D) Red hats
Answer: A

43. Which term defines “thinking like an attacker to improve security”?

A) Red teaming
B) Security audit
C) Ethical hacking
D) Reverse engineering
Answer: C

44. Network sniffing is used to:

A) Analyze network traffic

B) Generate power
C) Stop users
D) Crash a server
Answer: A

45. What must be avoided during ethical hacking?

A) Reporting bugs
B) Crashing systems
C) Using firewalls
D) Creating reports
Answer: B

46. Maintaining anonymity helps in:

A) Marketing
B) Ethical certification
C) Realistic simulation
D) Invoicing
Answer: C

47. Hackers are often classified by:

A) Country
B) Color hats
C) Hobbies
D) Passwords
Answer: B

48. What is the ethical hacker’s primary motivation?

A) Fame
B) Curiosity
C) Helping organizations
D) Cracking software
Answer: C

49. A hacker that uses skills for social good is called a:

A) Cracker
B) Black hat
C) White hat
D) Trojan
Answer: C

50. Which of the following helps evaluate the success of ethical hacking?

A) Hardware speed
B) Evaluation report
C) IP address
D) GUI interface
Answer: B
51. What is one of the primary goals of malicious hackers?

A) System hardening
B) Data protection
C) Data theft or disruption
D) Firewall configuration
Answer: C

52. The first step in ethical hacking is to:

A) Start the attack

B) Select tools randomly
C) Formulate a legal plan
D) Report findings
Answer: C

53. What does reconnaissance mean in the hacking process?

A) Cleaning logs
B) Scanning barcodes
C) Gathering preliminary information
D) Sending phishing links
Answer: C

54. Which attack targets the underlying infrastructure of a network?

A) Application attack
B) Network-infrastructure attack
C) Social engineering
D) Phishing
Answer: B

55. Operating System attacks exploit:

A) Power supply
B) OS vulnerabilities
C) Mouse settings
D) Printer drivers
Answer: B

56. What does "black hat" hacker stand for?

A) Security analyst
B) Malicious hacker
C) Hardware engineer
D) Ethical hacker
Answer: B

57. What is the last step in ethical hacking?

A) Installing backdoors
B) Executing the plan
C) Evaluating results and reporting
D) Ignoring the logs
Answer: C

58. Which method helps hackers avoid detection?

A) Antivirus
B) Encryption
C) Maintaining anonymity
D) Auto-login
Answer: C

59. An example of a non-technical attack is:

A) Session hijacking
B) Physical damage
C) Social engineering
D) Trojan horse
Answer: C

60. Hackers become ethical hackers by:

A) Stealing credentials
B) Working for security teams
C) Bypassing authentication
D) Crashing systems
Answer: B

61. “Cracking the hacker mindset” helps us to:

A) Build malware
B) Understand their strategy
C) Hide vulnerabilities
D) Bypass tools
Answer: B

62. Who breaks into systems mainly for recognition and challenge?

A) Cybercriminals
B) White hats
C) Hacktivists
D) Script kiddies
Answer: D

63. What is phishing classified as?

A) OS attack
B) Application attack
C) Network attack
D) Non-technical attack
Answer: D

64. Which type of hacker tests systems with permission?

A) Black hat
B) Grey hat
C) White hat
D) Red hat
Answer: C

65. The principle “not crashing your system” ensures:

A) Internet access
B) Safe ethical hacking
C) Firewall bypassing
D) Password resetting
Answer: B

66. A hacker exploiting a zero-day vulnerability is targeting:

A) Known bugs
B) Recently patched flaws
C) Unknown or unpatched bugs
D) UI designs
Answer: C

67. Which attack method involves sending fake emails?

A) SQL injection
B) Phishing
C) Sniffing
D) Port scanning
Answer: B

68. What does a grey hat hacker do?

A) Hacks illegally for fun

B) Hacks with legal permission
C) Hacks without permission but reports vulnerabilities
D) Works in red teams
Answer: C

69. One ethical hacking principle is:

A) Publicizing vulnerabilities
B) Working without authorization
C) Working ethically
D) Disabling antivirus
Answer: C

70. What helps hackers stay untraceable?

A) Direct login
B) Anonymity tools
C) Password hints
D) Admin rights
Answer: B

71. What is a major application-level attack?

A) MITM
B) Keylogging
C) SQL injection
D) IP spoofing
Answer: C

72. One risk of unethical hacking is:

A) Bug fixing
B) Jail time or fines
C) Extra credits
D) Network speed increase
Answer: B

73. An attack that overwhelms a system’s resources is:

A) DoS
B) Keylogging
C) MAC spoofing
D) SQL injection
Answer: A

74. Buffer overflow is categorized under:

A) Network attacks
B) Social engineering
C) OS attacks
D) DNS spoofing
Answer: C

75. One purpose of hacking your own system is to:

A) Damage it
B) Share passwords
C) Find and fix weaknesses
D) Format the drive
Answer: C
76. Hackers often use what to bypass firewalls?

A) Antivirus
B) Remote desktop
C) Tunneling
D) Cookies
Answer: C

77. Which hacking method involves modifying software code?

A) Cracking
B) Phishing
C) Snooping
D) Tailgating
Answer: A

78. What’s the focus of ethical hacking evaluations?

A) Graphic performance
B) Network speed
C) Identified vulnerabilities
D) Color themes
Answer: C

79. A hacker hiding IP address is using:

A) Proxy or VPN
B) Antivirus
C) Firewall
D) Password manager
Answer: A

80. What does “exploit” mean in cybersecurity?

A) Secure software
B) Bug fixing
C) Code or method to use a vulnerability
D) Database optimization
Answer: C

81. An example of specialized attack includes targeting:

A) Google
B) Facebook
C) SCADA or industrial systems
D) YouTube
Answer: C

82. Which team simulates attacks in organizations?

A) Blue team
B) White team
C) Red team
D) Green team
Answer: C

83. A hacker focused on system security enhancement is:

A) White hat
B) Black hat
C) Cracker
D) Malware writer
Answer: A

84. Which of these should ethical hackers always do?

A) Crash the system

B) Work without a plan
C) Obtain proper authorization
D) Bypass security without notice
Answer: C

85. Which attack sends repeated requests to crash a server?

A) Sniffing
B) DDoS
C) ARP spoofing
D) Session hijack
Answer: B

86. Defacing a website homepage is a:

A) Legal test
B) Hacking challenge
C) Malicious activity
D) Network upgrade
Answer: C

87. Which phase involves choosing appropriate hacking tools?

A) Reporting
B) Planning
C) Tool selection
D) Evaluation
Answer: C

88. Using malware to attack systems falls under:

A) Ethical hacking
B) OS attacks
C) Non-technical attacks
D) Planning
Answer: B

89. What is a key goal of ethical hacking?

A) Profit
B) Data deletion
C) Cybersecurity improvement
D) Password cracking
Answer: C

90. A hacker attempting to bypass login without permission is:

A) Ethical hacker
B) Auditor
C) Malicious hacker
D) Consultant
Answer: C

91. Using Tor browser can help in:

A) Playing games
B) Crashing systems
C) Maintaining anonymity
D) Making firewalls
Answer: C

92. When hackers install backdoors, they aim to:

A) Improve boot speed

B) Allow future unauthorized access
C) Block users
D) Activate antivirus
Answer: B

93. Reconnaissance is also called:

A) Cleanup
B) Enumeration
C) Information gathering
D) Deployment
Answer: C

94. Which ethical hacking phase comes just before tool selection?

A) Planning
B) Reporting
C) Execution
D) Research
Answer: A

95. An attacker tricking users via fake websites is using:

A) DNS hijacking
B) Firewall testing
C) Application debugging
D) Server-side scripting
Answer: A

96. Ethical hackers often work for:

A) Attack groups
B) Security companies
C) Virus developers
D) Hacktivist groups
Answer: B

97. A white hat hacker reports flaws to:

A) Hackers
B) Public blogs
C) Competitors
D) System owners
Answer: D

98. The process of validating tools and techniques is part of:

A) System reset
B) Tool update
C) Evaluation
D) Tool download
Answer: C

99. Installing keyloggers is part of:

A) User feedback
B) Malware deployment
C) OS updates
D) Password reset
Answer: B

100. Which of the following is a core ethical principle?

A) Data deletion
B) Disabling accounts
C) Respecting privacy
D) Modifying settings
Answer: C