Backend Internship Test - Multiple Choice Questions

Spring Boot
1.​ Which annotation is used to create a REST controller in Spring Boot?​
a) @Controller​
b) @RestController​
c) @RequestMapping​
d) @Service​
Solution: b
2.​ What is the purpose of Spring Boot Actuator?​
a) To manage dependencies​
b) To configure the application context​
c) To monitor and manage the application​
d) To handle exceptions​
Solution: c
3.​ Which of the following is NOT a Spring Boot Starter?​
a) spring-boot-starter-web​
b) spring-boot-starter-data-jpa​
c) spring-boot-starter-security​
d) spring-boot-starter-core​
Solution: d
4.​ How do you define environment-specific properties in Spring Boot?​
a) Using @Value annotation​
b) Using application.properties file​
c) Using profile-specific files like application-dev.properties​
d) Using environment variables only​
Solution: c
5.​ What is Dependency Injection (DI) in Spring?​
a) Creating objects manually​
b) Managing object lifecycles​
c) Providing dependencies to objects from external sources​
d) Configuring application properties​
Solution: c
6.​ Which annotation is used to inject dependencies in Spring?​
a) @Bean​
b) @Component​
c) @Autowired​
d) @Inject​
Solution: c
7.​ What is the purpose of @RequestMapping annotation?​
a) To define a bean​
b) To map HTTP requests to handler methods​
c) To define a service​
d) To handle exceptions​
Solution: b
8.​ What is Spring Data JPA used for?​
a) Building web applications​
b) Simplifying database interactions​
c) Handling security​
d) Managing transactions​
Solution: b
9.​ Which annotation is used to define an entity in Spring Data JPA?​
a) @Table​
b) @Entity​
c) @Id​
d) @GeneratedValue​
Solution: b
10.​What is a Spring Boot profile?​
a) A set of dependencies​
b) A way to configure different application behaviors for different environments​
c) A security configuration​
d) A database configuration​
Solution: b
11.​ Which of the following is an advantage of Spring Boot?​
a) Complex configuration​
b) Slow development​
c) Rapid application development​
d) Requires external server deployment​
Solution: c
12.​What does the @SpringBootApplication annotation do?​
a) Defines a bean​
b) Enables auto-configuration, component scanning, and configuration​
c) Handles exceptions​
d) Defines a REST controller​
Solution: b
13.​How do you customize the port a Spring Boot application runs on?​
a) Using @Value annotation​
b) Setting server.port in application.properties or application.yml​
 c) Using environment variables only​
d) It cannot be customized​
Solution: b
14.​What is the role of JpaRepository in Spring Data JPA?​
a) To define entities​
b) To provide pre-built methods for database operations​
c) To configure the database connection​
d) To handle transactions​
Solution: b
15.​What is JWT used for in Spring Security?​
a) Authorization​
b) Authentication​
c) Both authentication and authorization​
d) Data encryption​
Solution: c
16.​Which annotation is used to handle exceptions globally in Spring Boot?​
a) @ExceptionHandler​
b) @ControllerAdvice​
c) @RestControllerAdvice​
d) All of the above​
Solution: d
17.​What is Constructor Injection in Spring?​
a) Injecting dependencies via setter methods​
b) Injecting dependencies via fields​
c) Providing dependencies as constructor arguments​
d) Defining beans​
Solution: c
18.​What is the difference between @Component, @Service, and @Repository?​
a) They are all the same​
b) They are used for different layers of the application​
c) @Component is for controllers, @Service is for services, and @Repository is
for repositories​
d) They define beans​
Solution: b
19.​How do you define a one-to-many relationship in Spring Data JPA?​
a) @OneToOne​
b) @OneToMany​
c) @ManyToOne​
d) @ManyToMany​
 Solution: b
20.​What is HATEOAS?​
a) A database management system​
b) A way to make APIs more discoverable​
c) A security protocol​
d) A testing framework​
Solution: b
Python
21.​Which of the following is NOT a built-in data type in Python?​
a) List​
b) Tuple​
c) Dictionary​
d) Array​
Solution: d
22.​What is the difference between == and is in Python?​
a) == compares values, is compares references​
b) == compares references, is compares values​
c) They are the same​
d) == is for numbers, is for strings​
Solution: a
23.​What is a Python virtual environment used for?​
a) Running multiple Python versions​
b) Isolating project dependencies​
c) Compiling Python code​
d) Debugging Python code​
Solution: b
24.​Which of the following is a popular Python web framework?​
a) Spring Boot​
b) Django​
c) Ruby on Rails​
d) Java Server Faces (JSF)​
Solution: b
25.​What is a decorator in Python?​
a) A design pattern​
b) A way to add functionality to functions​
c) A type of loop​
d) A way to define classes​
Solution: b
26.​What is the purpose of the try-except-finally block in Python?​
a) To define functions​
b) To handle exceptions​
c) To define loops​
d) To define classes​
Solution: b
27.​What is the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) in Python?​
a) A security feature​
b) A memory management technique​
c) A mutex that prevents multiple threads from executing Python bytecode at the
same time​
d) A way to define global variables​
Solution: c
28.​What is a generator in Python?​
a) A function that returns a list​
b) A function that uses the yield keyword​
c) A way to define classes​
d) A type of loop​
Solution: b
29.​Which of the following is NOT a feature of Python?​
a) Dynamic typing​
b) Interpreted language​
c) Static typing​
d) Large standard library​
Solution: c
30.​What is the difference between a list and a tuple in Python?​
a) Lists are mutable, tuples are immutable​
b) Tuples are mutable, lists are immutable​
c) They are the same​
d) Lists are ordered, tuples are unordered​
Solution: a
31.​What is a dictionary in Python?​
a) An ordered collection of items​
b) An unordered collection of key-value pairs​
c) A type of loop​
d) A way to define classes​
Solution: b
32.​What are Python's virtual environments used for?​
a) Isolating project dependencies​
 b) Running multiple Python versions concurrently​
c) Compiling Python code to machine code​
d) Optimizing Python code performance​
Solution: a
33.​Which data structure is best suited for storing unique, unordered items in Python?​
a) List​
b) Tuple​
c) Set​
d) Dictionary​
Solution: c
34.​What does the *args and **kwargs syntax do in Python function definitions?​
a) Defines default argument values​
b) Allows passing a variable number of arguments​
c) Specifies argument types​
d) Defines keyword-only arguments​
Solution: b
35.​How do you read and write files in Python?​
a) Using the file keyword​
b) Using the open() function​
c) Using the read() and write() functions directly​
d) Using the io module​
Solution: b
36.​What is the purpose of the __init__ method in a Python class?​
a) To define the class's methods​
b) To initialize the object's attributes​
c) To define class-level attributes​
d) To destroy the object​
Solution: b
37.​What is the difference between append() and extend() methods for lists in
Python?​
a) append() adds multiple elements, extend() adds a single element​
b) extend() adds multiple elements, append() adds a single element​
c) They do the same thing​
d) append() modifies the list in-place, extend() returns a new list​
Solution: b
38.​Which of the following is NOT a valid way to comment in Python?​
a) # This is a comment​
b) // This is a comment​
c) '''This is a multi-line comment'''​
 d) """This is also a multi-line comment"""​
Solution: b
39.​What is the purpose of the pickle module in Python?​
a) To handle dates and times​
b) To serialize and deserialize Python objects​
c) To perform mathematical operations​
d) To work with regular expressions​
Solution: b
40.​How do you import modules in Python?​
a) Using the include keyword​
b) Using the import statement​
c) Using the require function​
d) Using the using keyword​
Solution: b
PostgreSQL
41.​What type of database is PostgreSQL?​
a) NoSQL​
b) Relational​
c) Graph​
d) Document​
Solution: b
42.​What does ACID stand for in database transactions?​
a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability​
b) Accuracy, Consistency, Integrity, Durability​
c) Atomicity, Correctness, Isolation, Durability​
d) Accuracy, Consistency, Isolation, Distribution​
Solution: a
43.​Which SQL command is used to retrieve data from a table?​
a) INSERT​
b) UPDATE​
c) SELECT​
d) DELETE​
Solution: c
44.​What is a primary key in a database table?​
a) A key used for sorting data​
b) A key that uniquely identifies each row​
c) A key used for indexing​
d) A key used for foreign key relationships​
 Solution: b
45.​What is a foreign key?​
a) A key used for sorting data​
b) A key that uniquely identifies each row​
c) A key used for indexing​
d) A key that establishes a relationship between tables​
Solution: d
46.​What is the purpose of the JOIN clause in SQL?​
a) To filter data​
b) To sort data​
c) To combine rows from two or more tables​
d) To group data​
Solution: c
47.​What is an index in a database?​
a) A way to store data​
b) A way to speed up data retrieval​
c) A way to define relationships between tables​
d) A way to ensure data integrity​
Solution: b
48.​What is the difference between VARCHAR and TEXT data types in PostgreSQL?​
a) VARCHAR is for numbers, TEXT is for strings​
b) TEXT has a maximum length, VARCHAR does not​
c) VARCHAR has a maximum length, TEXT does not​
d) They are the same​
Solution: c
49.​What is the purpose of the GROUP BY clause in SQL?​
a) To filter data​
b) To sort data​
c) To combine rows from two or more tables​
d) To group rows that have the same values in specified columns into summary
rows​
Solution: d
50.​What is a transaction in a database?​
a) A single SQL statement​
b) A sequence of operations treated as a single logical unit of work​
c) A way to define tables​
d) A way to define indexes​
Solution: b
51.​What is the purpose of the WHERE clause in SQL?​
 a) To sort data​
b) To filter data​
c) To group data​
d) To join tables​
Solution: b
52.​Which SQL command is used to update data in a table?​
a) INSERT​
b) UPDATE​
c) SELECT​
d) DELETE​
Solution: b
53.​How do you create a new table in PostgreSQL?​
a) CREATE TABLE table_name (column_definitions);​
b) NEW TABLE table_name (column_definitions);​
c) INSERT INTO table_name (column_definitions);​
d) SELECT * FROM table_name;​
Solution: a
54.​What is the purpose of the ORDER BY clause in SQL?​
a) To filter data​
b) To sort data​
c) To group data​
d) To join tables​
Solution: b
55.​What is the default isolation level in PostgreSQL?​
a) Read Uncommitted​
b) Read Committed​
c) Repeatable Read​
d) Serializable​
Solution: b
56.​What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE in SQL?​
a) They do the same thing​
b) DELETE removes specific rows, TRUNCATE removes all rows​
c) TRUNCATE removes specific rows, DELETE removes all rows​
d) DELETE is faster than TRUNCATE​
Solution: b
57.​How do you add a new column to an existing table in PostgreSQL?​
a) ADD COLUMN column_name data_type;​
b) ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_name data_type;​
c) UPDATE TABLE table_name SET column_name = value;​
 d) CREATE COLUMN column_name data_type;​
Solution: b
58.​What is the purpose of the HAVING clause in SQL?​
a) To filter rows after grouping​
b) To filter rows before grouping​
c) To sort data​
d) To join tables​
Solution: a
59.​What is a stored procedure in PostgreSQL?​
a) A way to store data​
b) A set of SQL statements that can be executed as a single unit​
c) A way to define tables​
d) A way to define indexes​
Solution: b
60.​What is the purpose of the EXPLAIN command in PostgreSQL?​
a) To execute a query​
b) To show the execution plan of a query​
c) To create a table​
d) To delete a table​
Solution: b
Django
61.​What is Django?​
a) A programming language​
b) A web framework​
c) A database management system​
d) An operating system​
Solution: b
62.​What does MVC stand for in the context of Django?​
a) Model, View, Controller​
b) Model, Template, View​
c) Model, View, Template​
d) Model, Template, Controller​
Solution: c
63.​What is the role of the models.py file in Django?​
a) To define URL patterns​
b) To define database schemas​
c) To define views​
d) To define templates​
 Solution: b
64.​What is the Django ORM used for?​
a) Handling HTTP requests​
b) Interacting with the database using Python code​
c) Defining URL patterns​
d) Rendering HTML templates​
Solution: b
65.​What are Django views?​
a) HTML templates​
b) Python functions that handle HTTP requests​
c) Database models​
d) URL patterns​
Solution: b
66.​What are Django templates?​
a) Python functions​
b) HTML files with Django template language​
c) Database models​
d) URL patterns​
Solution: b
67.​What is the purpose of urls.py in a Django project or app?​
a) To define database models​
b) To map URLs to views​
c) To define HTML templates​
d) To configure settings​
Solution: b
68.​What is the Django admin interface?​
a) A command-line tool​
b) An automatically generated web interface for managing models​
c) A text editor for writing Django code​
d) A database management tool​
Solution: b
69.​What are Django migrations?​
a) Database queries​
b) Changes to the database schema​
c) HTML templates​
d) URL patterns​
Solution: b
70.​What is the purpose of Django middleware?​
a) To handle database connections​
 b) To process requests and responses​
c) To define URL patterns​
d) To render templates​
Solution: b
Java
71.​Which of the following is NOT a Java access modifier?​
a) public​
b) private​
c) protected​
d) friend​
Solution: d
72.​What is the purpose of the static keyword in Java?​
a) To define a constant variable​
b) To create an object of a class​
c) To make a variable or method belong to the class, not an instance​
d) To prevent a method from being overridden​
Solution: c
73.​What is inheritance in Java?​
a) The ability of a class to derive properties and behaviors from another class​
b) The process of creating an object​
c) A way to define interfaces​
d) A mechanism for handling exceptions​
Solution: a
74.​What is polymorphism in Java?​
a) The ability of an object to take on many forms​
b) The process of defining multiple constructors​
c) A way to create abstract classes​
d) A mechanism for garbage collection​
Solution: a
75.​What is an interface in Java?​
a) A class that cannot be instantiated​
b) A blueprint of a class that specifies methods to be implemented​
c) A way to define constants​
d) A mechanism for handling events​
Solution: b
76.​What is an abstract class in Java?​
a) A class that cannot be instantiated​
b) A class that defines only abstract methods​
 c) A class that is automatically garbage collected​
d) A class that is used for final methods​
Solution: a
77.​What is the difference between == and .equals() in Java?​
a) == compares object references, .equals() compares object values​
b) == compares object values, .equals() compares object references​
c) They are the same​
d) == is used for primitive types, .equals() is used for objects​
Solution: a
78.​What is an exception in Java?​
a) A syntax error​
b) An event that occurs during the execution of a program that disrupts the
normal flow​
c) A type of loop​
d) A way to define classes​
Solution: b
79.​Which of the following is a checked exception in Java?​
a) NullPointerException​
b) ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException​
c) IOException​
d) RuntimeException​
Solution: c
80.​What is the purpose of the finally block in a try-catch statement?​
a) To handle exceptions​
b) To define a loop​
c) To define a class​
d) To execute code that should always run, regardless of whether an exception is
thrown​
Solution: d
MySQL
81.​What type of database is MySQL?​
a) NoSQL​
b) Relational​
c) Graph​
d) Document​
Solution: b
82.​Which SQL command is used to insert new data into a table?​
a) SELECT​
 b) UPDATE​
c) INSERT​
d) DELETE​
Solution: c
83.​What is a primary key in a MySQL table?​
a) A key used for sorting data​
b) A key that uniquely identifies each row​
c) A key used for indexing​
d) A key used for foreign key relationships​
Solution: b
84.​What is a foreign key in MySQL?​
a) A key used for sorting data​
b) A key that uniquely identifies each row​
c) A key used for indexing​
d) A key that establishes a relationship between tables​
Solution: d
85.​What is the purpose of the JOIN clause in SQL?​
a) To filter data​
b) To sort data​
c) To combine rows from two or more tables​
d) To group data​
Solution: c
86.​What is an index in a MySQL database?​
a) A way to store data​
b) A way to speed up data retrieval​
c) A way to define relationships between tables​
d) A way to ensure data integrity​
Solution: b
87.​What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR data types in MySQL?​
a) CHAR is for numbers, VARCHAR is for strings​
b) VARCHAR has a fixed length, CHAR has a variable length​
c) CHAR has a fixed length, VARCHAR has a variable length​
d) They are the same​
Solution: c
88.​What is the purpose of the GROUP BY clause in SQL?​
a) To filter data​
b) To sort data​
c) To combine rows from two or more tables​
d) To group rows that have the same values in specified columns into summary
 rows​
Solution: d
89.​What is a transaction in a MySQL database?​
a) A single SQL statement​
b) A sequence of operations treated as a single logical unit of work​
c) A way to define tables​
d) A way to define indexes​
Solution: b
90.​What is the purpose of the WHERE clause in SQL?​
a) To sort data​
b) To filter data​
c) To group data​
d) To join tables​
Solution: b
Spring Boot
91. What is Spring Boot?
a) A programming language.

b) A framework for building Java applications, especially web applications.

c) A database management system.

d) An operating system.
Solution: b
92.​What is Auto-configuration in Spring Boot?​
a) Manually configuring all the beans.​
b) Automatically configuring the Spring application based on the dependencies
present in the classpath.​
c) Configuring the application properties.​
d) Setting up the database connection.​
Solution: b
93.​How do you create a simple REST API in Spring Boot?​
a) By using the @Controller annotation.​
b) By using the @RestController annotation.​
c) By using the @RequestMapping annotation.​
d) By creating a class that implements RESTController.​
Solution: b
94.​What is Spring Data JPA?​
a) A library for creating RESTful APIs.​
b) A module that simplifies database access using the Java Persistence API (JPA).​
 c) A security framework for Spring Boot.​
d) A tool for managing application dependencies.​
Solution: b
95.​What is a Spring Boot Starter?​
a) A set of tools for developing Spring Boot applications.​
b) A group of dependency descriptors that simplify the build configuration.​
c) A collection of code templates.​
d) A set of best practices for Spring Boot development.​
Solution: b
Django
96. What is Django?
a) A programming language.

b) A high-level Python web framework.

c) A database management system.

d) An operating system.
Solution: b
97.​What is an ORM in Django?​
a) Object Relational Mapping​
b) Object Request Mapping​
c) Object Route Mapping​
d) Object Relation Model​
Solution: a
98.​What are Django models?​
a) Python classes that define the structure of database tables.​
b) HTML templates.​
c) URL patterns.​
d) Views that handle HTTP requests.​
Solution: a
99.​What are Django views?​
a) HTML templates.​
b) Python functions or classes that handle HTTP requests and return responses.​
c) Database models.​
d) URL patterns.​
Solution: b
100.​ What are Django templates?​
a) Python functions.​
b) HTML files that can contain Django Template Language (DTL) tags.​
c) Database models.​
d) URL patterns.​
Solution: b