DATA NETWORK

COMPUTER NETWORK OR DATA NETWORK : A computer network or data network is a telecommunications

network which allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices pass data to each
other along network links (data connections). The connections between nodes are established using either cable media or
wireless media. The best-known computer network is the Internet.
BENEFITS OF NETWORKING
Computer network is very useful in modern environment. some of the benefits are
1.file sharing. 2.Hardware sharing. 3.Application sharing 4.user communication
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
There are several different types of computer networks. Computer networks can be
characterized by their size as well as their purpose.
The size of a network can be expressed by the geographic area they occupy and the
number of computers that are part of the network. Networks can cover anything
from a handful of devices within a single room to millions of devices spread
across the entire globe.
Some of the different networks based on size are:
 Personal area network, or PAN
 Local area network, or LAN
 Metropolitan area network, or MAN
 Wide area network, or WAN
 Wireless Local Area Networks or WLAN
 Campus Area Networks or CAN
 Storage Area Network or SAN
System Area Network or SAN
Personal area Network, or PAN
A personal area network, or PAN, is a computer network organized around an
individual person within a single building. This could be inside a small office or
residence. A typical PAN would include one or more computers, telephones, peripheral
devices, video game consoles and other personal entertainment devices.
Local Area Network:- A local area network, or LAN, Consists of a computer network at
a single site, Typically an individual office building. A LAN is very useful for sharing
resources, Such as data storage and printers. LANs can be Built with relatively inexpensive
hardware, such as hubs, network adapters and Ethernet cables. The smallest LAN may only
use two computers, while larger LANs can accommodate thousands of computers.
Metropolitan Area Network:- A metropolitan area network, or MAN, consists of a
computer network across an entire city, college campus or small region. A MAN is larger than a LAN, which is typically limited

Specialist in Coaching for : BANKING, SSC, RAILWAY, INTERVIEW(GD/PI), PET, CAMPUS, CTET, OTET, OSSTET, B.ED.
Plot No. - 215, Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751007, Odisha, India
Contact: 9438734530, 9237424344
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.questbbsr.org, Facebook: questbbsr24×7, App: QUEST BBSR

1
 DATA NETWORK

to a single building or site. Depending on the configuration, this type of network can cover an
area from several miles to tens of miles. A MAN is often used to connect several LANs together
to form a bigger network. When this type of network is specifically designed for a college
campus, it is sometimes referred to as a campus area network, or CAN.
Wide Area Network:- A wide area network, or WAN,
occupies a very large area, such as an entire country
or the entire world. A WAN can contain multiple smaller
networks, such as LANs or MANs. The Internet is the
best-known example of a public WAN.
Wireless Local Area Networks :- Wireless
Local Area Networks are much like LAN networks,
except they do not require network cables to connect each other. Radio and infrared
signals are used to communicate between machines whilst using a wireless local area
network. Wireless Area Networks are commonly seen being used by a Wi-Fi internet
connection. Wireless LAN connections offer a surprising amount of mobility for users
with laptops and smart phones while being able to stay connected to the internet by
different networking topology
Campus Area Networks
Campus Area Networks are usually a connection of many small LAN networks
which are often used on university campuses and office buildings. Campus Area
Networks allow for easy file sharing between different departments as all the files
are usually shared on the server machines of each LAN network. This type of
network offers a lot of simplicity in the transfer and downloading of files.
SAN(Storage Area Network)
Storage Area Networks are primarily used
as information databases. They are not
usually used by large organizations or similar entities. They are specifically used for
the storage of information, and easy retrieval of specific pieces of data whenever
required. Storage Area Networks are usually used by websites which offer downloading
services.
SAN (System Area Network)
System Area Networks are speed
oriented networks which
provide high speed internet
connections to a cluster of computers. These are primarily used for
server purposes, and allow other computers to connect to these System
Area Networks. Permission to different access points are given
according to what status a system is on the System Area Network, such
as administrators or simple users.

Specialist in Coaching for : BANKING, SSC, RAILWAY, INTERVIEW(GD/PI), PET, CAMPUS, CTET, OTET, OSSTET, B.ED.
Plot No. - 215, Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751007, Odisha, India
Contact: 9438734530, 9237424344
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.questbbsr.org, Facebook: questbbsr24×7, App: QUEST BBSR

2
 DATA NETWORK

Network Devices
Repeater
A network device used to regenerate or replicate a signal.
Repeaters are used in transmission systems to regenerate
analog or digital signals distorted by transmission loss.
Analog repeaters frequently can only amplify the signal
while digital repeaters can reconstruct a signal to near its
original quality.
Hub
A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains
multiple port.
Gateway
A node on a network that serves as an entrance to another network.
Network switch
A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, officially MAC bridge[1]) is a computer networking device that
connects devices together on a computer network,in other word In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical component
that can break an electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another.
Bridging (networking)
Network bridging is the action taken by network equipment to create an aggregate network from either two or more
communication networks, or two or more network segments.
Router
A router is a device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two
LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP’s network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect.
Modem
A modem (modulator-demodulator) is a device that modulates signals to encode digital information and demodulates
signals to decode the transmitted information.
NIC
Short for Network Interface Card, the NIC is also referred to as an Ethernet card and network adapter. It is an expansion card
that enables a computer to connect to a network; such as a home network, or the Internet using an Ethernet cable with an RJ-
45 connector.

Specialist in Coaching for : BANKING, SSC, RAILWAY, INTERVIEW(GD/PI), PET, CAMPUS, CTET, OTET, OSSTET, B.ED.
Plot No. - 215, Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751007, Odisha, India
Contact: 9438734530, 9237424344
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.questbbsr.org, Facebook: questbbsr24×7, App: QUEST BBSR

3
 DATA NETWORK

1. Computers process data into information by working 4) Communicating information to the outside world.
exclusively with 5) None of these
1) multimedia 2) words 3) characters 12. Compiler is the
4) numbers 5) None of these 1) Name given to the computer operator
2. Which of the following memory chip is programmed 2) Part of the digital machine to store information
during the manufacturing process? 3) Operator of Boolean Algebra
1) RAM 2) ROM 3)PROM 4) Part of arithmetic logic unit
4) EEPROM 5) None of these 5) Translator of source program to object code
3. A byte is a collection of 13. A computer program is
1) four bits 2) six bits 3) eight bits 1) A set of instructions that enable the computer to solve
4) ten bits 5) twelve bits a problem or perform a task.
4. CD-ROM is an example of 2) Main memory 3) Pseudocode
1) Input device 2) Output device 4) A flow chart 5) None of these
3) Both input & output 4) pointing device 14. ………………. terminals .(formerly known as cash registers)
5) None of these are often connected to complex inventory and sales
5. Volatility is a property of computer systems.
1) computer networks 2) ROM 3) disk 1)Data 2)Point of-sale(POS) 3) Sales
4) software 5)RAM 4) Query 5) None of these
6. Java is an example of a(n) 15. ………….. is a cross between a human language and a
1) Machine language 2) Assembly language programming language.
3) High-level language 4) Fourth-generation language 1) Pseudocode 2) Java 3) The Java Virtual Machine
5) None of these 4) The compiler 5) None of these
7. Which of the following is not one of the four major data 16. Viruses, Trojan horses and Worms are
processing functions of a computer? 1) Able to harm computer system
1) Gathering data 2) Unable to be detected if present on computer
2) Processing data into information 3) User-friendly applications
3) Analysing the data or information 4) Harmless applications resident on computer
4) Storing the data or information 5) None of these
5) None of these 17. Computers gather data, which means that they allow
8. The hardware device commonly referred to as the “brain” users to …………. data.
of the computer is the 1) Present 2) Input 3) Output 4) Display 5) None of these
1) RAM chip 2) data input 3) CPU 18. The components that process data are located in the
4)secondary storage 5) None of these 1) Input devices 2) Output devices 3) System unit
9. When the computer is working on given instructions, it is called 4) storage component 5) None of these
1) Output 2) Storage 3) Processing 19. Software refers to
4) Input 5) None of these 1) The physical components that a computer is made of
10. An input device that is used widely in supermarkets is 2) Firmware 3) programs 4) peopleware 5) None of these
1) keyboard 2) mouse 3) trackball 20. The shortcut key to print documents is
4) bar code reader 5) None of these 1) Ctrl+D 2) Ctrl+A 3) Ctrl+B 4) Ctrl+C 5) Ctrl+P
11. Producing output involves 21. In the binary language each letter of the alphabet, each
1) Accepting information from the outside world. number and each special character is made up of a
2) Communication with another computer. unique combination of
3) Moving and storing information. 1) Eight bytes 2) Eight kilobytes 3) Eight characters
4) Eight bits 5) None of these
Specialist in Coaching for : BANKING, SSC, RAILWAY, INTERVIEW(GD/PI), PET, CAMPUS, CTET, OTET, OSSTET, B.ED.
Plot No. - 215, Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751007, Odisha, India
Contact: 9438734530, 9237424344
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.questbbsr.org, Facebook: questbbsr24×7, App: QUEST BBSR

4
 DATA NETWORK

22. Graphical pictures that represent an object like file, folder 31. Programs designed to perform specific tasks related to
etc are managing computer resources are called
1) Task bar 2) Windows 3) Desktop 1) system software 2) operating system
4) Icons 5) None of these 3) application software 4) utility programs
23. Because of their size and cost, these computers are 5) None of these
relatively rare: 32. Of the following types of computers, which is the most powerful?
1) mini computers 2) mainframe computer 1) minicomputer 2) mainframe computer
3) microcomputers 4) laptops 5) supercomputers 3) supercomputer 4) microcomputer
24. RAM is an acronym for 5) None of these
1) Read All Memory 2) Read Any Memory 33. The Internet service that provides a multimedia interface to
3) Ready Access Memory available resources is called
4) Random Area Memory 1) FTP 2) world wide web 3) telnet
5) Random Access Memory 4) gopher 5) None of these
25. This type of software works with end-users, application 34. Word processing software is used to create
software, and computer hardware to handle the majority 1) databases 2) documents 3) spreadsheets
of technical details: 4) electronic slides 5) None of these
1) Communications software 2) Application software 35. A device that connects to a network without the use of cables
3) Utility software 4) System software is said to be
5) None of these 1) distributed 2) cabled 3) centralized
26. Special-purpose applications include all of the following except 4) open source 5) wireless
1) Web authoring programs 36. Menus are a part of the
2) Database management systems 1) hardware 2) user interface 3) status bar
3) Multimedia creation programs 4) monitor 5) none of these
4) Virtual reality programs 37. A program that is used to view Web sites is called a
5) None of these 1) word processor 2) Web viewer 3) spreadsheet
27. An object typically hides its data, but allows outside code to access 4) search engine 5) browser
1) The methods that operate on the data 38. Which of the following is not an example of a document file?
2) The data files 3) Private data members 1) Spreadsheet 2) Memo 3) Letter 4) Term paper 5) Thesis
4) The pseudocode 5) None of these 39. Toolbars contain small outlined areas called ……… that provide
28. A rectangular area on a computer screen that can contain shortcuts for quick access to commonly used commands.
a document, program, or messages is referred to as a(n) 1) buttons 2) dials 3) bullets 4) pointers 5) None of these
1)cell 2) window 3)tuplet 4) field 5) None of these 40. A business’s customer, inventory, and payroll records would
29. Specialised programs designed to allow particular input best be stored in a ……………… file.
or output devices to communicate with the rest of the 1) Database 2) document 3) worksheet
computer system are called 4) presentation 5) None of these
1) compilers 2) device drivers 3) interpreters
4) operating systems 5) None of these
30. This type of computer is the least powerful, yet the most
widely used and fastest-growing type of computer:
1) mainframe computers 2) supercomputers
3) mini computers 4) microcomputers
5) None of these

Specialist in Coaching for : BANKING, SSC, RAILWAY, INTERVIEW(GD/PI), PET, CAMPUS, CTET, OTET, OSSTET, B.ED.
Plot No. - 215, Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751007, Odisha, India
Contact: 9438734530, 9237424344
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.questbbsr.org, Facebook: questbbsr24×7, App: QUEST BBSR

5
 DATA NETWORK

EXERCISE-II 13. A device operating at the physical layer is called a

1. Which of the following items is not used in Local Area A. Bridge B. Router
Networks(LANs)? C. Repeater D. All of these Answer
A. Computer Modem B. Cable 14. Which of the following is the fastest communication
C. Modem D. Interface cardAnswer channel?
2. Which of the following represents the fastest data A. Micro wave B. Optical fiber
transmission speed? C. Radio wave D. None of the above Answer
A. Gbps B. Kbps 15. Encryption and decryption are the function of
C. Bps D. Bandwidth Answer A. Session layer B. Presentation layer
3. A device that connects to a network with our the use of C. Transport layer D. None of the aboveAnswer
cables is said to be 16. _______ is the most important/powerful computer in a
A. Open source B. Cabled typical network.
C. Distributed D. WirelessAnswer A. Desktop B. Network client
4. WI-FI uses C. Network server D. Network station Answer
A. Phase line B. Radio waves 17. In a ring topology, the computer in possession of the
C. Optic fiber D. Sound waves ______ can transmit data.
5. Network components are connected to the same cable in A. Data B. Packet
the _______ topology. C. Access method D. TokenAnswer
A. Mesh B. Bus 18. How many layers are in the TCP/IP model?
C. Star D. RingAnswer A. 4 layers B. 5 layers
6. How many bits are there in the Ethernet address? C. 7 layers D. 8 layersAnswer
A. 16 bits B. 32 bits 19.Which of the following topologies is not of broadcast
C. 48 bits D. 64 bitsAnswer type
7. Geometric arrangement of devices on the network is called A. Bus B. Ring
A. Protocols B. Topology C. Star D. All of these
C. Trailer D. LANAnswer 20.An alternate name for the completely interconnected
8. Which type of network would use phone lines? network topology is
A. Wireless B. WAN A. Mesh B. Star
C. LAN D. WWAN C. Tree D. Ring
9. Which of the following is not a network device?
A. Router B. Modem
C. Bridge D. SwitchAnswer
10. Servers are other computer which provide resources to
other computer connected by
A. Super computer B. Mainframe
C. Network D. ClientAnswer
11. Which of the following refers to a small, single-site
network? ANSWER
A. RAM B. DSL 1. C, 2.A, 3.D, 4.B, 5.B, 6.C, 7.B, 8.B, 9.B, 10.C, 11.D, 12.C,
C. USB D. PANAnswer 13.C, 14.A, 15.B, 16. C, 17. D, 18. B,19 .A, 20.A
12. Ethernet uses
A. Mesh topology B. Ring topology
C. Bus topology D. All of these

Specialist in Coaching for : BANKING, SSC, RAILWAY, INTERVIEW(GD/PI), PET, CAMPUS, CTET, OTET, OSSTET, B.ED.
Plot No. - 215, Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751007, Odisha, India
Contact: 9438734530, 9237424344
E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.questbbsr.org, Facebook: questbbsr24×7, App: QUEST BBSR