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Lab No. 5

The document provides a series of tasks related to the convolution of discrete-time sequences using MATLAB. It includes code for decomposing a sequence into even and odd components, implementing a custom convolution function, and performing convolution on given sequences while plotting the results. Additionally, it describes the creation of a simple 1D convolution function without using the built-in 'conv' command.

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11 views9 pages

Lab No. 5

The document provides a series of tasks related to the convolution of discrete-time sequences using MATLAB. It includes code for decomposing a sequence into even and odd components, implementing a custom convolution function, and performing convolution on given sequences while plotting the results. Additionally, it describes the creation of a simple 1D convolution function without using the built-in 'conv' command.

Uploaded by

daniyalshabbir952
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LAB NO.

3 Convolution of Discrete-Time Sequences


Task No.1:
Write a Matlab code to decompose a sequence into its even and odd components.
Take help from Pre-Lab work.

S O U R C E C O D E

clc;

clear;

close all;

% Define the sequence

n = -5:5; % Range of n values

x = [2, 3, 1, -1, 4, 0, -2, -3, 1, 2, -1]; % Example sequence

% Compute the even and odd components

x_flipped = fliplr(x); % Flip the sequence

x_even = (x + x_flipped) / 2; % Even component

x_odd = (x - x_flipped) / 2; % Odd component

% Plot the original sequence

subplot(3,1,1);

stem(n, x, 'filled');

title('Original Sequence');

xlabel('n');

ylabel('x[n]');

grid on;
% Plot the even component

subplot(3,1,2);

stem(n, x_even, 'filled');

title('Even Component');

xlabel('n');

ylabel('x_{even}[n]');

grid on;

% Plot the odd component

subplot(3,1,3);

stem(n, x_odd, 'filled');

title('Odd Component');

xlabel('n');

ylabel('x_{odd}[n]');

grid on;
Task No.2:
You should have noticed that ‘conv’ command calculates convolution assuming
both input sequences are starting from origin (i-e no values on –ve t-axis). This is not always the
case, we do have sequences which have values for t.
Code:
function [y, ny] = conv_m(x1, n1, x2, n2)

y = conv(x1, x2);

ny_start = n1(1) + n2(1); % Start index of the result

ny_end = n1(end) + n2(end); % End index of the result

ny = ny_start:ny_end; % Define the new index range

End.

Example Code:
clc; clear; close all;

% Define first sequence with indices

x1 = [1, 2, 3]; % Example sequence

n1 = -1:1; % Corresponding indices (-1, 0, 1)

% Define second sequence with indices

x2 = [4, 5]; % Example sequence

n2 = 0:1; % Corresponding indices (0, 1)

% Call the custom convolution function

[y, ny] = conv_m(x1, n1, x2, n2);

% Display results

disp('Convolution Result:');

disp(y);

disp('Resulting Indices:');

disp(ny);

% Plot results

stem(ny, y, 'filled');

xlabel('n');

ylabel('y[n]');

title('Convolution Result with Correct Indexing');

grid on;

Plot:
Task No.3:
Convolve following sequences using MATLAB Function “conv” and “conv_m”
and plot the input, impulse response and output in one figure using “subplot”:  x[n] = [1 2 1],
n=[0 1 2] h[n] = [1 1 1], n= [0 1 2]  x[n] = [-1 4 -3 -2 1 0 2], n=[-2:4] h[n] = [1 1 1], n= [-1 0
1].
Code:
clc; clear; close all;

x1 = [1 2 1]; % Input sequence


n1 = [0 1 2]; % Time indices

h1 = [1 1 1]; % Impulse response

n_h1 = [0 1 2]; % Time indices for h[n]

y1 = conv(x1, h1);

n_y1 = n1(1) + n_h1(1) : n1(end) + n_h1(end); % Compute correct indices

% Define second input and impulse response

x2 = [-1 4 -3 -2 1 0 2]; % Input sequence

n2 = -2:4; % Time indices

h2 = [1 1 1]; % Impulse response

n_h2 = [-1 0 1]; % Time indices for h[n]

% Compute convolution using conv

y2 = conv(x2, h2);

n_y2 = n2(1) + n_h2(1) : n2(end) + n_h2(end); % Compute correct indices

% Plot results using subplot

figure;

% First input sequence

subplot(3,2,1);

stem(n1, x1, 'filled');

xlabel('n'); ylabel('x_1[n]');

title('Input Sequence x_1[n]');

grid on;

% First impulse response

subplot(3,2,3);
stem(n_h1, h1, 'filled');

xlabel('n'); ylabel('h_1[n]');

title('Impulse Response h_1[n]');

grid on;

% First output sequence

subplot(3,2,5);

stem(n_y1, y1, 'filled');

xlabel('n'); ylabel('y_1[n]');

title('Output y_1[n] = x_1[n] * h_1[n]');

grid on;

% Second input sequence

subplot(3,2,2);

stem(n2, x2, 'filled');

xlabel('n'); ylabel('x_2[n]');

title('Input Sequence x_2[n]');

grid on;

% Second impulse response

subplot(3,2,4);

stem(n_h2, h2, 'filled');

xlabel('n'); ylabel('h_2[n]');

title('Impulse Response h_2[n]');

grid on;

% Second output sequence

subplot(3,2,6);

stem(n_y2, y2, 'filled');

xlabel('n'); ylabel('y_2[n]');

title('Output y_2[n] = x_2[n] * h_2[n]');


grid on;

Plot:

Task No.4:
Write a function convolution in MATLAB that performs 1D linear convolution by
the steps mentioned above. You can use any method.
Code:
function y = my_conv(x, h)

% Simple 1D convolution function without using conv()

L = length(x);

M = length(h);

N = L + M - 1; % Output length

y = zeros(1, N); % Initialize output

% Compute convolution
for n = 1:N

for k = max(1, n-M+1):min(n, L)

y(n) = y(n) + x(k) * h(n-k+1);

end

end

End

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