--------: Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

Course No. Title of the Course Course Structure Pre-Requisite

Microprocessors and Microcontrollers 3-0-2 Digital Logic
Design
COURSE OUTCOMES (COs):
CO1: Analyze the architecture and functional elements of the Intel 8085 microprocessor.
CO2: Develop assembly language programs using the Intel 8085 instruction set.
CO3: Compare the architectures, addressing modes, and functionalities of Intel 8085 and Intel 8086
microprocessors for various applications.
CO4: Design and implement assembly language programs using advanced programming techniques for Intel
8086.
CO5: Understand AVR microcontroller architecture for developing simple embedded applications.

Unit No. Topics

Unit 1 Unit 1: Introduction to Microprocessor 8085

Introduction to Microprocessors, Evolution of the Microprocessor, Elements of a
microprocessor, Elements of a microprocessor-based system, Applications of
microprocessors, Brief idea of a microcontroller, Intel 8085 Microprocessor Architecture,
8085 Instruction Set and Programming, Overview of instruction set, Classification of
instructions, Addressing modes, Machine cycles and timing diagrams,

Unit 2 Unit 2: Instruction Set, Programming and Interfacing with 8085

Assembly Language Programming, Looping, branching, and subroutines, Delay routines and
counters, Advanced arithmetic and logical operations, Interrupts in 8085, Types of interrupts,
Handling interrupts, Interrupt-driven I/O, Memory and Peripheral Interfacing, RAM and
ROM interfacing, Memory mapping and decoding, I/O interfacing. Introduction to
programmable peripheral ICs. 8255 PPI. Programming Mode 0. Data transfer using
handshake signals (Mode 1 and Mode 2)

Unit 3 Unit 3: Intel 8086 Microprocessor Architecture

Architecture of 8086 Microprocessor, 16-bit microprocessor overview, Bus Interface Unit
(BIU) and Execution Unit (EU), Segment registers and memory segmentation, Registers and
flags in 8086, 8086 Instruction Set and Programming, Instruction set overview, Addressing
modes, Machine cycles, Assembly language programming (basic operations), Arithmetic and
logic operations.

Unit 4 Unit 4: 8086 Interrupts

Interrupts in 8086, Types of interrupts, Interrupt vector table, Interrupt handling and
programming techniques. Direct Memory Access (DMA) basics and applications. Advanced
 Assembly Language Programming, Nested loops and subroutines
Unit 5 Unit 5: AVR Microcontroller and Introduction to Arduino
Introduction to Microcontrollers, Overview of microcontroller architectures, Comparison of
microprocessor vs microcontroller, AVR Microcontroller Architecture, General architecture
of AVR microcontrollers, Registers and memory structure, Input/output control and timers,
Programming AVR Microcontrollers, Basic introduction to AVR assembly programming,
Writing simple programs (LED blink, delay routines), Introduction to Arduino, Basic
concepts of Arduino platform, Architecture of Arduino boards (Arduino Uno, Mega), Setting
up Arduino IDE, Writing and uploading programs (basic examples),

Suggested Readings:
1. Ramesh S. Gaonkar, “Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085"
Penram International Publishers.
2. Brey, B.B., “The Intel Microprocessors”, 6th Ed., Pearson Education. 2003.
3. Yu-Cheng Liu and Glenn A. Gibson, “Microprocessor Systems: The 8086/8088 Family Architecture,
Programming, and Design"
4. M. A. Mazidi, S. Naimi, and S. Naimi, AVR Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly
and C. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson Education, 2010.
5. H.-W. Huang and L. Chartrand, The AVR Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly
and C, 2nd ed. Florence, KY, USA: Delmar Cengage Learning, 2017.

B. CO-PO & CO-PSO MAPPING TABLE

CO\ PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PO1 PO1 PSO PSO PSO

PO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3

CO1 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 3
CO2 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 3
CO3 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 3
CO4 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 3
CO5 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 3

C. THEORY LECTURE PLAN

UNIT COURSE CONTENT: Lecture

No.
Unit Introduction to Microprocessors, Evolution of the Microprocessor, 01
 -I: Elements of a microprocessor, Elements of a microprocessor-based
(O7 system
)
Applications of microprocessors, Brief idea of a microcontroller 02
Intel 8085 Microprocessor Architecture 03

8085 Instruction Set and Programming, Overview of instruction set, 04-06

Classification of instructions,
Addressing modes, Machine cycles and timing diagrams 07

Unit Assembly Language Programming, Looping, branching, and 08-09

- II: subroutines, Delay routines and counter
(08)
Advanced arithmetic and logical operations 10

Interrupts in 8085, Types of interrupts, Handling interrupts 11

Interrupt-driven I/O, Memory and Peripheral Interfacing, 12

RAM and ROM interfacing, Memory mapping and decoding, I/O 13-14
interfacing
Introduction to programmable peripheral ICs. 8255 PPI. Programming 15
Mode 0. Data transfer using handshake signals (Mode 1 and Mode 2)
Unit- Architecture of 8086 Microprocessor 16
III:
(09) 16-bit microprocessor overview, Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and 17-18
Execution Unit (EU), Segment registers and memory segmentation
Registers and flags in 8086 19

8086 Instruction Set and Programming, Instruction set overview 20-21

Addressing modes, Machine cycles 22

Assembly language programming (basic operations), Arithmetic and 23-24

logic operations.
Unit- Interrupts in 8086, Types of interrupts, Interrupt vector table 25
IV:
(07)
Interrupt handling and programming techniques 26

Direct Memory Access (DMA) basics and applications 27

Advanced Assembly Language Programming, 28-30

Nested loops and subroutines 31

Unit- Introduction to Microcontrollers, Overview of microcontroller 32

V: (9) architectures, Comparison of microprocessor vs microcontroller
AVR Microcontroller Architecture, General architecture of AVR 33-34
microcontrollers, Registers and memory structure, Input/output control
and timers
 Programming AVR Microcontrollers, Basic introduction to AVR 35-37
assembly programming, Writing simple programs (LED blink, delay
routines),
Introduction to Arduino, Basic concepts of Arduino platform, 38-39
Architecture of Arduino boards (Arduino Uno, Mega), Setting up
Arduino IDE,
Writing and uploading programs (basic examples), 40

D. PRACTICAL CLASS PLAN

1. Write and execute an assembly language program for addition and subtraction of two 8-bit numbers using
the Intel 8085 microprocessor.
2. Write a program for interfacing an LED with the 8085 microprocessor and control it using a delay loop.
Connect the LED to the SOD pin of 8085.
3. Demonstrate interrupt handling by implementing an interrupt-driven I/O program on the 8085.
4. Multiply and divide 8-bit numbers using repeated addition and subtraction.
5. Calculate the factorial of a number using recursion.
6. Write an assembly language program to perform multiplication and division of 16-bit numbers using the
Intel 8086 microprocessor.
7. Write an 8086 assembly program to reverse a string stored in memory.
8. Write an 8086 assembly program to sort an array of numbers in ascending order using the bubble sort
algorithm.
9. Write an 8086 assembly program to Interface the 8255 PPI (Programmable Peripheral Interface) to
control LEDs and read switches.
10. Write an embedded C (use AVR-GCC) program to toggle an LED after a pushbutton is pressed and
released, on an Arduino board (Nano or Uno).
11. Write an embedded C (use AVR-GCC) program to print and scroll text messages on a 16x2 LCD using an
Arduino board (Nano or Uno)
12. Write an embedded C (use AVR-GCC) program to read a temperature sensor (LM35) and print the
temperature on a 16x2 LCD as well as the serial monitor using an Arduino (Nano or Uno).
13. Write an embedded C (use AVR-GCC) program to control the position of a servo mechanism using an
Arduino (Nano or Uno).