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Trigonometry Formulas 9 To 12

The document provides a comprehensive overview of trigonometric formulas and identities for students from Class 9 to 12. It includes basic trigonometric ratios, reciprocal identities, Pythagorean identities, standard angles, cofunction identities, angle sum and difference formulas, double and half angle formulas, product to sum and sum to product identities, inverse trigonometric functions, trigonometric equations, height and distance calculations, and calculus identities for derivatives and integrals. This serves as a valuable reference for understanding and applying trigonometry in various mathematical contexts.

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2K views3 pages

Trigonometry Formulas 9 To 12

The document provides a comprehensive overview of trigonometric formulas and identities for students from Class 9 to 12. It includes basic trigonometric ratios, reciprocal identities, Pythagorean identities, standard angles, cofunction identities, angle sum and difference formulas, double and half angle formulas, product to sum and sum to product identities, inverse trigonometric functions, trigonometric equations, height and distance calculations, and calculus identities for derivatives and integrals. This serves as a valuable reference for understanding and applying trigonometry in various mathematical contexts.

Uploaded by

sujaldharak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Trigonometry Formulas (Class 9 to 12)

Basic Trigonometric Ratios

sin θ = Opposite/Hypotenuse

cos θ = Adjacent/Hypotenuse

tan θ = Opposite/Adjacent

cosec θ = Hypotenuse/Opposite

sec θ = Hypotenuse/Adjacent

cot θ = Adjacent/Opposite

Reciprocal Identities

sin θ = 1/cosec θ, cosec θ = 1/sin θ

cos θ = 1/sec θ, sec θ = 1/cos θ

tan θ = 1/cot θ, cot θ = 1/tan θ

Pythagorean Identities

sin²θ + cos²θ = 1

tan²θ + 1 = sec²θ

1 + cot²θ = cosec²θ

Standard Angles (Degrees)

Angle: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°

sin: 0, 1/2, √2/2, √3/2, 1

cos: 1, √3/2, √2/2, 1/2, 0

tan: 0, 1/√3, 1, √3, undefined

Cofunction Identities

sin(90° - x) = cos x

cos(90° - x) = sin x

tan(90° - x) = cot x

cot(90° - x) = tan x

sec(90° - x) = cosec x
cosec(90° - x) = sec x

Angle Sum and Difference

sin(A ± B) = sinA cosB ± cosA sinB

cos(A ± B) = cosA cosB ∓ sinA sinB

tan(A ± B) = (tanA ± tanB) / (1 ∓ tanA tanB)

Double and Half Angle

sin(2A) = 2sinA cosA

cos(2A) = cos²A - sin²A = 1 - 2sin²A = 2cos²A - 1

tan(2A) = 2tanA / (1 - tan²A)

sin(A/2) = ±√[(1 - cosA)/2]

cos(A/2) = ±√[(1 + cosA)/2]

tan(A/2) = ±√[(1 - cosA)/(1 + cosA)]

Product to Sum & Sum to Product

sinA + sinB = 2sin[(A+B)/2]cos[(A−B)/2]

cosA + cosB = 2cos[(A+B)/2]cos[(A−B)/2]

sinA sinB = ½[cos(A−B) − cos(A+B)]

cosA cosB = ½[cos(A−B) + cos(A+B)]

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

sin⁻¹x: Domain [-1,1], Range [-π/2, π/2]

cos⁻¹x: Domain [-1,1], Range [0, π]

tan⁻¹x: Domain ℝ, Range (-π/2, π/2)

Trigonometric Equations

If sinθ = a, θ = sin⁻¹(a) + 360°k or 180° - sin⁻¹(a) + 360°k

If cosθ = a, θ = cos⁻¹(a) + 360°k or 360° - cos⁻¹(a) + 360°k

If tanθ = a, θ = tan⁻¹(a) + 180°k

Height and Distance


tanθ = height / base

height = base × tanθ

base = height / tanθ

Calculus Identities

Derivatives:

d/dx(sin x) = cos x

d/dx(cos x) = -sin x

d/dx(tan x) = sec²x

Integrals:

∫sin x dx = -cos x + C

∫cos x dx = sin x + C

∫tan x dx = ln|sec x| + C

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