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Exp 3

The document outlines an experiment to study half wave rectifier circuits, focusing on ripple factor with and without a filter circuit using ORCAD Pspice software. It explains the theory behind diodes and rectifiers, detailing the operation of half wave rectification and providing a step-by-step procedure for circuit setup and simulation. Results to be recorded include Vrms, Vdc, and ripple factor.

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4 views4 pages

Exp 3

The document outlines an experiment to study half wave rectifier circuits, focusing on ripple factor with and without a filter circuit using ORCAD Pspice software. It explains the theory behind diodes and rectifiers, detailing the operation of half wave rectification and providing a step-by-step procedure for circuit setup and simulation. Results to be recorded include Vrms, Vdc, and ripple factor.

Uploaded by

bundchatore
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 3

Aim- To study of Rectifier circuits Half Wave Rectifier and find ripple factor
(i) Without filter circuit
(ii) With filter circuit

Software used- ORCAD Pspice


Theory-
In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal component, almost one that has electrical
properties which vary depending on the direction of flow of charge carriers through it
(this directionality is sometimes generically called the rectifying property).The most
common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to flow in one direction
(called the forward biased condition) but to block it in the opposite direction (the
reverse biased condition).Thus, the diode can be thought of as an electronic version of a
check valve. Real diodes do not display such a perfect on-off directionally but usually
have complicated and non-linear electrical characteristics, which depends on the
particular type of diode technology. Diodes also have many other functions in which
they are not designed to operate in this on-off manner.
Early diodes included “cat’s whisker” crystals and vacuum tube device is called
thermionic valves in British English). Today the most common diodes are made from
semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium.
Rectifier-an application of Diodes

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts A.C. to D.C., a process known as


rectification. Rectifiers are used as component of power supplies and as detectors of
radio signals. Rectifiers may be made of solid state diodes, vacuum tube diodes,
mercury arc valves, and other components. A circuit which performs the opposite function
(converting DC to AC) is known as an inverter. When only one diode is used to rectify AC (by
blocking the negative or positive portion of the waveform), the difference between the term
diode and the term rectifier is merely one of usage i.e. the term rectifier describes the diode that
is being is being used to convert A.C. to D.C. Almost all rectifiers comprise number of diodes
in a specific arrangement for more efficiently for converting A.C. to D.C. than is possible
with only one diode. Before the development of silicon rectifiers, vacuum tube diodes
and copper oxide or selenium rectifier stacks were used.

Half-wave rectification:

A half wave rectifier is a special case of clipper. In half wave rectification either the
positive or negative of the A.C. wave is passed easily, while the other half is blocked,
depending upon the polarity of the rectifier. Because only one half of the input
waveform reaches is the output, it is very inefficient if used for power transfer. Half
wave rectification can be achieved with a single diode in a one phase supply.
Circuit Diagram for Half Wave Rectifier

Output waveform
Circuit Diagram for half wave rectifier with filter

Output waveform

Procedure
1. Open PSPICE Design Manager.
2. Click "Run Schematic" in the left taskbar.
3. In PSPICE schematic tab, click "Get New Part" and search "VSIN." Place it, press Esc to
remove symbol.
4. Search "D1N 4002," place diode, press Esc to remove symbol.
5. Search "r" for resistor, place it, double-click to change value to "1k" if needed.
6. Rotate a component with "Ctrl+R."
7. Use "Draw Wire" to connect components.
8. Double-click to edit component ratings.
Double-click "VSIN," set VOFF=0, VAMPL=10V, Freq=1k, click "Save Attr," then "OK."
10. Take "GND_ANALOG" from "Get New Part" and connect to the negative terminal of the
voltage source.
11. Place "Voltage/Level Marker" at both ends of the diode.
12. In the menu bar, go to "Analysis" > "Setup."
13. Under "Setup," select "Transient" tab.
14. Click "Transient," edit Print Setup=1n, Final Time=4ms, click "OK," then "Close."
15. Press "Ctrl+S" to save the circuit with a .sch extension.
16. Press "F11" to stimulate the circuit.

Half wave rectifier with filter:

17. Add Capacitor with "c" from "Get New Part," connect it to resistor in parallel. Edit rating
to "10u." Stimulate the circuit and record its graph.

Result

Vrms =__________
Vdc =___________
Ripple factor =__________

References –
1. To install ORCAD Pspice for windows
Link- https://youtu.be/xvSRL2WkXPs?si=DxcmAAnNN4qodefr

2. M. Halkias. Integrated Electronics. McGraw-Hill electrical and electronic engineering


series. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 2001.

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