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Docker_Interview_Problems

Docker offers benefits such as consistency, isolation, portability, efficiency, and scalability for development and production environments. It differs from virtual machines by sharing the host OS kernel, making it lighter and faster, ideal for microservices and CI/CD pipelines. Best practices for managing Docker volumes and optimizing Dockerfiles include using named volumes for persistence, minimizing image size, and following security protocols like using trusted base images and running containers as non-root users.

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3 views

Docker_Interview_Problems

Docker offers benefits such as consistency, isolation, portability, efficiency, and scalability for development and production environments. It differs from virtual machines by sharing the host OS kernel, making it lighter and faster, ideal for microservices and CI/CD pipelines. Best practices for managing Docker volumes and optimizing Dockerfiles include using named volumes for persistence, minimizing image size, and following security protocols like using trusted base images and running containers as non-root users.

Uploaded by

pbecic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Docker for Strong Senior Developers

What are the main benefits of using Docker in development and production
environments?
 Benefits:
 Consistency — identical environments across dev, test, and production.
 Isolation — each container runs independently without interfering with others.
 Portability — containers can run on any host with Docker installed.
 Efficiency — containers are lightweight and fast to start compared to VMs.
 Scalability — easy to scale services in orchestrators like Kubernetes or Docker Swarm.

How does Docker differ from a virtual machine?


 Docker:
 Containers share the host OS kernel.
 Lightweight, faster startup, lower resource overhead.
 Designed for packaging and deploying applications.
 VMs:
 Emulate entire OS including kernel.
 Heavier, more isolated but slower to start and manage.
 Docker is ideal for microservices and CI/CD pipelines, while VMs are better for full
isolation and legacy workloads.

What are Docker volumes and how do you manage persistent data in
containers?
 Docker volumes are used to persist data outside the container’s writable layer.
 Types:
 Named volumes — managed by Docker, persisted across container lifecycles.
 Bind mounts — link host directory to container.
 Tmpfs — stored in memory, non-persistent.
 Best practices:
 Use named volumes for database/data persistence.
 Avoid storing data inside containers (not portable or durable).
 Back up and monitor volumes in production.

How would you optimize a Dockerfile for image size and build performance?
 Optimization techniques:
 Use multi-stage builds to separate build dependencies from runtime.
 Choose minimal base images (e.g., alpine).
 Avoid unnecessary layers — group RUN commands.
 Use .dockerignore to exclude files from context.
 Leverage caching — order layers by change frequency.
 Keep images lean for faster CI/CD and smaller attack surface.

What are common security best practices when using Docker in production?
 Security practices:
 Use minimal and trusted base images.
 Run containers as non-root users.
 Scan images for vulnerabilities (e.g., Trivy, Docker Scout).
 Limit container capabilities using --cap-drop or security profiles.
 Avoid exposing unnecessary ports and secrets in Dockerfile.
 Integrate container scanning and policy enforcement in CI/CD pipelines.

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