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A computer network consists of interconnected devices that communicate and share resources, ranging from small local area networks (LANs) to extensive wide area networks (WANs). Key components include devices like computers and servers, transmission media, protocols, and various network topologies. Benefits of networks include resource sharing, improved communication, and cost efficiency, while security measures such as firewalls and encryption are crucial to protect against cyber threats.

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8 views3 pages

Tame Document

A computer network consists of interconnected devices that communicate and share resources, ranging from small local area networks (LANs) to extensive wide area networks (WANs). Key components include devices like computers and servers, transmission media, protocols, and various network topologies. Benefits of networks include resource sharing, improved communication, and cost efficiency, while security measures such as firewalls and encryption are crucial to protect against cyber threats.

Uploaded by

abrahamabera10
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that can communicate and share
resources with each other. These devices can include computers, servers, routers, switches, printers,
and other hardware. Networks can vary in size and complexity, from small local area networks (LANs) to
vast wide area networks (WANs) that span multiple geographic locations.

▎Key Components of a Computer Network

1. Devices:

• Computers: Workstations, laptops, or any device that can send and receive data.

• Servers: Provide resources or services to other computers on the network.

• Networking Hardware: Routers, switches, hubs, and access points that facilitate communication
between devices.

2. Transmission Media:

• Wired: Includes Ethernet cables, fiber optics, and coaxial cables.

• Wireless: Involves radio waves, infrared, or satellite signals.

3. Protocols:

• Sets of rules that govern how data is transmitted over the network. Common protocols include:

• TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The foundational protocol for the
internet.

• HTTP/HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure): Used for web traffic.

• FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files.

4. Network Topologies:

• The arrangement of different elements (links, nodes, etc.) in a network. Common topologies include:

• Star: All devices are connected to a central hub.

• Bus: All devices share a single communication line.

• Ring: Each device is connected to two others, forming a circular pathway for signals.

5. Network Types:

• Local Area Network (LAN): Covers a small geographic area, like a home or office.
• Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers larger areas, often connecting multiple LANs.

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Spans a city or large campus.

• Personal Area Network (PAN): A very small network, typically within a range of a few meters.

▎Benefits of Computer Networks

• Resource Sharing: Devices can share resources like printers and storage.

• Communication: Facilitates communication through emails, messaging apps, and video conferencing.

• Data Management: Centralized data storage and management improve efficiency and security.

• Cost Efficiency: Reduces costs by sharing resources rather than duplicating them across devices.

▎Security Considerations

Network security is crucial to protect against unauthorized access and cyber threats. Common security
measures include:

• Firewalls: Monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined
security rules.

• Encryption: Protects data by converting it into a secure format that can only be read by authorized
users.

• Authentication: Ensures that only authorized users can access the network through passwords,
biometrics, or tokens.

▎Conclusion
Computer networks are essential for modern communication and resource management in both
personal and professional contexts. As technology advances, networks continue to evolve, incorporating
new protocols and security measures to meet the demands of users while addressing emerging threats.

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