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DAM Week 5

The document explains the structure and purpose of dimension and fact tables in Power BI modeling, highlighting their roles in categorizing data and storing measurable metrics, respectively. It also details different types of relationships (one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many) between tables, including their definitions, use cases, and impacts on data aggregation. Examples of dimension and fact tables, as well as join types, are provided to illustrate these concepts.

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AQSA KHAN
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4 views5 pages

DAM Week 5

The document explains the structure and purpose of dimension and fact tables in Power BI modeling, highlighting their roles in categorizing data and storing measurable metrics, respectively. It also details different types of relationships (one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many) between tables, including their definitions, use cases, and impacts on data aggregation. Examples of dimension and fact tables, as well as join types, are provided to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

AQSA KHAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Session 4: Power BI Modelling

1
Dimension Table Fact Table

Contains descriptive attributes (contextual Contains measurable, quantitative data


information) that relate to the facts. (metrics or facts) about a business process.

Helps to categorize, filter, and describe the Stores transactional or event-based data
data in fact tables (e.g., customers, products, (e.g., sales, orders, revenue).
locations).

● Typically has a primary key that is ● Typically has foreign keys that
linked to fact tables. reference dimension tables.
● Contains textual or categorical data ● Contains numerical values that are
that provides context to the facts. used for aggregation (e.g., SUM, AVG).
● Rows represent descriptive details like ● Rows represent events or
people, places, or things. transactions.

● Customer Dimension Table: Contains ● Sales Fact Table: Contains fields like
Customer Name, Age, Location. Sale Amount, Quantity Sold, and Date.
● Product Dimension Table: Contains ● Orders Fact Table: Contains fields like
Order ID, Total Price, and Order Date.
Product Name, Category, Price.

2
Types of Joins
One-to-One Relationship:

● Definition: Each row in Table A relates to exactly one row in Table B, and
vice versa.
● Use case: Linking tables where both have unique keys.
● Impact: Ensures no duplicates on either side of the relationship.

3
Types of Joins
One-to-Many Relationship:

● Definition: One row in Table A can relate to multiple rows in Table B, but
rows in Table B relate to only one row in Table A.
● Use case: Common for linking dimension tables (like Product or
Customer) to fact tables (like Sales).
● Example: A Customer table related to an Orders table where one
customer can have many orders.
● Impact: Allows aggregation from the many side to the one side (e.g., total
orders per customer).

4
Types of Joins
Many-to-Many Relationship:

● Definition: Rows in Table A can relate to multiple rows in Table B, and vice
versa.
● Use case: Needed when no table acts purely as a dimension table.
● Example: A Projects table linked to an Employees table, where employees
can work on multiple projects and each project can have multiple
employees.
● Impact: Requires a bridge or intermediate table to manage complexity in
data models.

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